1、Designation: E 1919 07Standard Guide forWorldwide Published Standards Relating to Particle andSpray Characterization1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1919; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the ye
2、ar of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide covers the awareness and use of availablestandard methods for characterizing solid and liquid partic
3、les,and provides information for subsequent evaluation and stan-dardization.1.2 The principal purpose of this guide is the identificationof particle characterization standard methods that have beendeveloped and published by various standards organizationsworldwide. Although this is an extensive list
4、 of methods, it isnot all inclusive. WD working drafts, CD committee drafts,DIS draft International Standards and FDIS final Draft Inter-national Standards may not be completed documents. Thesestandards have been divided into the following twelve sectionsrelated to particle characterization.Section
5、1 Representation and Treatment of DataSection 2 Sedimentation, Classification, Gravity and Centrifugal MethodsSection 3 Surface Area and Porosity Measurement MethodsSection 4 Sieving MethodsSection 5 Electrical Sensing MethodsSection 6 Laser Diffraction MethodsSection 7 Photon Correlation Spectrosco
6、py MethodsSection 8 Image Analysis MethodsSection 9 Single Particle Light Interaction MethodsSection 10 Small Angle X-Ray Scattering MethodSection 11 Sampling MethodsSection 12 General Methods and Information2. Terminology2.1 Abbreviations:ASMEAmerican Society of Mechanical EngineersBSIBritish Stand
7、ard SpecificationDINDeutsches Institut fur Normung; German StandardInstitutionDIN and VDIGerman StandardsISOInternational Organization for StandardizationISO/DISDraft International StandardsJSA/JISJapanese Standards Association/Japanese Indus-trial StandardMPIFMetal Powders Industry FederationNF XNo
8、rmalization Francaise (AFNOR) French Stan-dards (E) - English TranslationTAPPITechnical Association of Pulp and Paper IndustryVDIVerein Deutscher Ingenieure; Society of GermanEngineersCDCommittee DraftDISDraft International StandardFDISFinal Draft International StandardTSTechnical SpecificationWDWor
9、king Draft3. Significance and Use3.1 Reported particle size measurement is a function of boththe actual dimension and/or shape factor as well as theparticular physical or chemical properties of the particle beingmeasured. Caution is required when comparing data frominstruments operating on different
10、 physical or chemical param-eters or with different particle size measurement ranges.Sample acquisition, handling and preparation can also affectreported particle size results.4. Referenced DocumentsSECTION 1REPRESENTATION AND TREATMENTOF DATA4.1 Related Standards:4.1.1 ASTM Standards:2ASTM E 177 Pr
11、actice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsASTM E 799 Practice for Determining Data Criteria and Processing forLiquid Drop Size AnalysisASTM E 1617 Practice for Reporting Particle Size Characterization DataASTM F 658 Practice for Calibration of a Liquid-Borne Particle CounterU
12、sing an Optical System Based Upon Light Extinction4.1.2 British Standard:3BS 3406 Test Method for the Determination of Particle Size Distri-bution1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E29 on Particle andSpray Characterization and is the direct responsibility of subcommittee E29.03
13、onInternational Cooperation on Particle and Spray Characterization.Current edition approved April 1, 2007. Published April 2007. Originallyapproved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as E 191903.2Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Consho-hocken, PA 19428-2959
14、.3Available from British Standards Institute (BSI), 389 Chiswick High Rd.,London W4 4AL, U.K., http:/www.bsi-.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.1.3 German Standards:4DIN 66 141 Representation of (grain) Particle Size
15、Distributions, Ba-sic StandardDIN 66 142 T 1 Representation and Identification of Separated Fractionsof Dispersed Matter; FundamentalsDIN 66 142 T 2 Representation and Identification of Separated Fractionsof Dispersed Matter, Application to Analytical SeparationsDIN 66 142 T 3 Representation and Ide
16、ntification of Separated Fractionsto Dispersed Matter, Selection and Determination of Pa-rameters ofDIN 66 143 Representation of (Grain) Particle Size Distributions,Power Function GridDIN 66 144 Representation of (Grain) Particle Size Distributions,Logarithmic Gaussian GridDIN 66 145 Representation
17、of (Grain) Particle Size Distributions;RRSB GridDIN EN 1822 High efficiency particulate air filters (HEPA and ULPA) Part 2: Aerosol production, measuring equipment, particlecounting statistics4.1.4 ISO Standards:5ISO 9276-1 Representation of Results of Particle Size Analysis - Part1 - Graphical Repr
18、esentationISO 9276-2 Representation of Results of Particle Size AnalysisPart2: Calculation of Average Particle Sizes/Diameters andMoments from Particle Size DistributionsISO/DIS 9276-3 Representation of Results of Particle Size AnalysisPart3: Adjustment of an Experimental Curve to a ReferenceModelIS
19、O 9276-4 Representation of Results of Particle Size AnalysisPart4: Characterization of a Classification ProcessISO 9276-5 Representation of Results of Particle Size AnalysisPart5: Methods of Calculation Relating to Particle Size Analy-ses Using Logarithmic Normal Probability DistributionISO/DIS 9276
20、6 Representation of Results of Particle Size AnalysisPart6: Descriptive and Quantitative Representation of ParticleShape and Morphology4.1.5 French Standards:6NF X 11-632 Particle Size AnalysisExpression of Experimental Re-sults of Particle Size Analysis (E)NF X 11-634 Particle Size AnalysisCharacte
21、rization of the Size andForm of the Elements of a Granular PopulationNF X 11-635 Particle Size AnalysisRepresentation of Particle SizeDistributions - Reference ModelsNF X 11-636 Particle Size AnalysisRepresentation of Particle SizeDistributions - Adjustment of an Experimental CumulativeCurve to a Re
22、ference ModelCase of SievingSECTION 2SEDIMENTATION, CLASSIFICATION,GRAVITY AND CENTRIFUGAL METHODS4.2 Related Standards:4.2.1 ASTM Standards:2ASTM B 330 Test Method for Fisher Number of Metal Powders andRelated CompoundsASTM B 430 Test Method for Particle Size Distribution of RefractoryMetal Powders
23、 and Related Compounds by TurbidimetryASTM B 761 Test Method for Particle Size Distribution of Metal Pow-ders Related Compounds by X-Ray Monitoring of GravitySedimentationASTM C 721 Test Method for Average Particle Size of Alumina andSilica Powders by Air PermeabilityASTM C 775 Test Method for Parti
24、cle-Size Analysis of WhitewareClaysASTM C 958 Test Method for Particle Size Distribution of Alumina orQuartz by X-Ray Monitoring of Gravity SedimentationASTM C 1282 Test Method for Determining the Particle Size Distributionof Advanced Ceramics by Centrifugal Photosedimentation4.2.2 British Standards
25、:3BS 3406: Part 2 Recommendations for Gravitational Liquid SedimentationMethods for Powders and SuspensionsBS 3406: Part 3 Air Elutriation MethodsBS 3406: Part 6 Recommendations for Centrifugal Liquid SedimentationMethods for Powders and Suspensions4.2.3 German Standards:4DIN 66 111 Particle Size An
26、alysis; Sedimentation Analysis; PrinciplesDIN 66 111 Bbl.1 Particle Size Analysis; Sedimentation Analysis; Principles;Evaluation Equations for Determination of Quantities inthe Field of Centrifugal ForceDIN 66 115 Test Method for Particle Size Analysis, SedimentationAnalysis in the Gravitational Fie
27、ldDIN 66 116 Grain (particle) Size Analysis; Sedimentation Analysis inthe Gravitational Field, Sedimentation BalanceDIN 66 118 Particle Size Analysis, Size Analysis by Air Classification,FundamentalsDIN 66 119 Particle Size Analysis, Size Analysis by Air Classificationwith Gravitation CounterflowDIN
28、 66 120 Particle Size Analysis, Size Analysis by Air Classificationwith Centrifugal Counterflow Classifier4.2.4 ISO Standards:5ISO 10076 Metallic Powders - Determination of Particle Size Distri-bution by Gravitational Sedimentation in a Liquid and At-tenuation MeasurementISO 13317-1 Determination of
29、 Particle Size Distribution by Gravita-tional Liquid Sedimentation Methods Part 1: GeneralPrinciples and GuidelinesISO 13317-2 Determination of Particle Size Distribution by Gravita-tional Liquid Sedimentation Methods Part 2: Fixed PipetteMethodISO 13317-3 Determination of Particle Size Distribution
30、 by Gravita-tional Liquid Sedimentation Methods Part 3: X-Ray Gravi-tational TechniqueISO 13318-1 Determination of Particle Size Distribution by CentrifugalLiquid Sedimentation Methods Part 1: General Principlesand GuidelinesISO 13318-2 Determination of Particle Size Distribution by CentrifugalLiqui
31、d Sedimentation Methods Part 4: PhotocentrifugeMethodISO 13318-3 Determination of Particle Size Distribution by CentrifugalLiquid Sedimentation Methods Part 3: Centrifugal X-RayMethodISO/WD 13318-4 Determination of Particle Size Distribution by CentrifugalLiquid Sedimentation Methods Part 2: Centrif
32、ugal PipetteMethod4.2.5 Japanese Standards:7JIS Z8820 General Rules for the Determination of Particle Size Dis-tribution by Sedimentation in LiquidJIS Z8821 Determination of Particle Size Distribution by the Sedi-mentation in Liquid Using the Pipette ApparatusJIS Z8822 Determination of Particle Size
33、 Distribution by the Weightof Sedimentation in Liquid4.2.6 French Standards:6NF X 11-680 Test Method for Particle Size AnalysisSeparation byFluids - Particle Size Analysis by Gravity Sedimentationin a Liquid Medium (E)NF X 11-681 Test Method for Particle Size AnalysisParticle SizeAnalysis by Gravity
34、 Sedimentation in a Liquid Medium (E)4Available from Beuth Verlag GmbH (DIN- DIN Deutsches Institut furNormung e.V.), Burggrafenstrasse 6, 10787, Berlin, Germany, http:/www.en.din.de.5Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1 rue deVaremb, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Genev
35、a 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iso.ch.6Available fromAFNORAssociation Franaise de Normalisation (AFNOR), 11,rue Francis de Pressens, 93571 La Plaine Saint-Denis Cedex.7Available from Japanese Standards Organization (JSA), 4-1-24 AkasakaMinato-Ku, Tokyo, 107-8440, Japan, http:/www.jsa.or.ja.E1919072NF
36、X 11-682 Test Method for Particle Size AnalysisParticle SizeAnalysis by Gravitational Liquid Sedimentation - Photo-sedimentation Technique (E)NF X 11-683 Test Method for Particle Size AnalysisParticle SizeAnalysis of a Powder by Variable Height Gravity Sedi-mentation in a Liquid - Method Using X-ray
37、 AbsorptionMeasurement (E)NF X 11-684 Test Method for Particle Size AnalysisParticle SizeAnalysis by Cumulative Sedimentation in a Static Liquid -Sedimentation Balance MethodNF X 11-685 Test Method for Particle Size Analysis by CentrifugalSedimentation in a Liquid Which is at Rest in Relation tothe
38、Axis of Centrifugation (E)NF X 11-690 Test Method for Particle Size Analysis by Gravity in aMoving Fluid (Levigation-Elutriation) (E)SECTION 3SURFACE AREA AND POROSITYMEASUREMENT METHODS4.3 Related Standards:4.3.1 ASTM Standards:2ASTM B 527 Test Method for Determination of Tap Density of MetallicPow
39、ders and CompoundsASTM C 20 Test Methods for Apparent Porosity, Water Absorption,Apparent Specific Gravity, and Bulk Density of BurnedRefractory Brick and Shapes by Boiling WaterASTM C 1274 Test Method for Advanced Ceramic Specific Surface Areaby Physical AdsorptionASTM C 1069 Test Method for Specif
40、ic Surface Area of Alumina orQuartz by Nitrogen AdsorptionASTM D 1993 Test Method for Precipitated Silica-Surface Area By Multi-point BET Nitrogen AdsorptionASTM D 2752 Test Methods for Air Permeability of Asbestos FibersASTM D 2873 Test Method for Interior Porosity of Poly (Vinyl Chloride)(PVC) Res
41、ins by Mercury Intrusion PorosimetryASTM D 3765 Test Method for Carbon BlackCTAB (Cetyltrimethylam-monium Bromide) Surface AreaASTM D 3860 Practice for Determination of Adsorptive Capacity of Acti-vated Carbon by Aqueous Phase Isotherm TechniqueASTM D 3908 Test Method for Hydrogen Chemisorption on S
42、upportedPlatinum on Alumina Catalysts and Catalyst Carriers byVolumetric Vacuum MethodASTM D 4222 Test Method for Determination of Nitrogen Adsorptionand Desorption Isotherms of Catalysts By Static Volumet-ric MeasurementsASTM D 4284 Test Method for Determining Pore Volume Distribution ofCatalysts b
43、y Mercury Intrusion PorosimetryASTM D 4365 Test Method for Determining Micropore Volume and Zeo-lite Area of a CatalystASTM D 4404 Test Method for Determination of Pore Volume and PoreVolume Distribution of Soil and Rock by Mercury Intru-sion PorosimetryASTM D 4567 Test Method for Single-Point Deter
44、mination of SpecificSurface Area of Catalysts Using Nitrogen Adsorption byContinuous Flow MethodASTM D 4641 Practice for Calculation of Pore Size Distribution of Cata-lysts from Nitrogen Desorption IsothermsASTM D 4780 Test Method for Determination of Low Surface Area ofCatalysts by Multipoint Krypt
45、on AdsorptionASTM D 4820 Test Methods for Carbon BlackSurface Area by Multi-point BET Nitrogen AdsorptionASTM D 4824 Test Method for Determination of Catalyst Acidity by Am-monia ChemisorptionASTM D 5816 Test Method for Carbon Black-External Surface Area byMultipoint Nitrogen AdsorptionASTM E 1294 T
46、est Method for Pore Size Characteristics of MembraneFilters Using Automated Liquid Porosimeter4.3.2 British Standards:3BS 4359 Test Method for Determination of the Specific SurfaceArea of PowdersBS 4359: Part 1 Test Method for Recommendation for Gas Adsorption(BET)BS 4359: Part 2 Test Method for Rec
47、ommended Air PermeabilityC1251-93 Guide for Determination of Surface Area4.3.3 German Standards:4DIN 66 126 T 1 Test Method for Determination of the Specific SurfaceArea of Disperse Solids by Permeability Technique Fun-damentalsDIN 66 126 T 2 Test Method for Determination of the Specific SurfaceArea
48、 of Disperse Solids by Permeability Technique,Blaine Method and ApparatusDIN 66 131 Test Method for Determination of the Specific SurfaceArea of Solids by Gas Adsorption According to theMethod of Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET)DIN 66 132 Test Method for Determination of the Specific SurfaceArea of
49、 Solids by Nitrogen Adsorption, Single Point Dif-ferential Method According to Haul and Dumbgen4.3.4 ISO Standards:5ISO 9277 Test Method for Determination of the Specific SurfaceArea of Solids by Gas Adsorption Using the BET MethodISO 10070 Test Method for Metallic PowdersDetermination ofEnvelope-Specific Surface Area from Measurements ofthe Permeability to Air of a Powder Bed Under Steady-State Flow ConditionsISO 15901-1 Pore Size Distribution and Porosity of Solid MaterialsEvaluation by Mercury Porosimetry
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