1、Designation: E2023 10 (Reapproved 2014)Standard Practice forFabrication of Neutron Radiographic Sensitivity Indicators1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2023; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the y
2、ear of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the fabrication of Sensitivity Indi-cators (SI), which can be used to determine the relati
3、ve qualityof radiographic images produced by direct, thermal neutronradiographic examination.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are regarded to bestandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the u
4、ser of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E543 Specification for Agencies Performing NondestructiveTestingE545 Test Method for Determining Image Quality
5、 in DirectThermal Neutron Radiographic ExaminationE748 Practices for Thermal Neutron Radiography of Mate-rialsE1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in thispractice, see Terminology E1316, Section H.4. Summary of Practice4.1 The Se
6、nsitivity Indicator (SI) is used for qualitativedetermination of the sensitivity of detail visible on the neutronradiograph. It consists of a step wedge containing gaps andholes of known dimensions. Visual inspection of the image ofthis device provides subjective information regarding totalradiograp
7、hic sensitivity with respect to the step-block material,as well as optional subjective data, regarding detrimental levelsof gamma exposure.4.2 Neutron radiography practices are discussed in PracticesE748. The neutron radiograph used to determine image qualityusing the SI shall meet the requirements
8、of Method E545.5. Significance and Use5.1 The only truly valid image quality indicator is a materialor component, equivalent to the part being neutronradiographed, with a known standard discontinuity, inclusion,omission or flaw (reference standard comparison part). The SIis designed to substitute fo
9、r the reference standard, providingqualitative information on hole and gap sensitivity in a singleunit. Fabrication in accordance with this practice is vital foraccurate and consistent measurements.5.2 This practice shall be followed for the fabrication of allSIs to be used with Method E545 to deter
10、mine image quality indirect thermal neutron radiography.6. Basis of Application6.1 Qualification of Nondestructive AgenciesIf specifiedin the contractual agreement, NDT agencies shall be qualifiedand evaluated as described in Practice E543. The applicableedition of Practice E543 shall be specified i
11、n the contractualagreement.6.2 Procedures and TechniquesThe procedures and tech-niques to be utilized shall be as described in this practice unlessotherwise specified. Specific techniques may be specified in thecontractual agreement.6.3 Reporting Criteria/Acceptance CriteriaReporting cri-teria for t
12、he examination results shall be in accordance withSections 9 and 10 unless otherwise specified. Acceptancecriteria, for example, reference radiographs, shall be specifiedin the contractual agreement.6.4 Reexamination of repaired/reworked items is not ad-dressed in this practice and, if required, sha
13、ll be specified in thecontractual document.7. Sensitivity Indicator (SI)7.1 The Sensitivity Indicator (SI) shall be constructed ofcast acrylic resin, lead (optional), and aluminum. The construc-tion and dimensions are shown in Fig. 1.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on
14、Nonde-structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.05 onRadiology (Neutron) Method.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2014. Published November 2014. Originallyapproved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as E2023 - 10. DOI:10.1520/E2023-10R14.2For referenced ASTM
15、standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocke
16、n, PA 19428-2959. United States17.2 The optional lead step in the SI may be replaced with ablank, cast acrylic resin step. The lead provides a visualindication of beam gamma content; however, the lead image isnot used for any of the SI calculations of Method E545.7.3 The acrylic resin shall be methy
17、lmethacrylate.7.4 All dimensional tolerances are as noted on the figures.7.5 Aluminum shims and strips shall be 99.9 % pure el-emental material.7.6 The SI may be encased in a 6061 aluminum dust cover,0.012-in. thick.7.7 When used, the optional lead shim shall be at least99.9 % pure elemental materia
18、l.8. Fabrication38.1 Components:8.1.1 Mill a Channel, 0.850-in. wide by 6.5-in. long from analuminum block, 1-in. wide by at least 0.303-in. high by 6.5-in.long. The channel should begin 0.075-in. from edge A andleave 0.103-in. aluminum in the bottom of the channel (see Fig.2).8.1.2 Mill the A Chann
19、el (see Fig. 1), within this channel,0.125-in. wide by 0.005-in. deep by 6.5-in. long. The near edgeof channel A should be 0.450-in. from edge A (see Fig. 3).8.1.3 Mill the B Channel, adjacent to the A channel,0.125-in. wide by 0.010-in. deep by 6.5-in. long. The near edgeof channel B should be 0.32
20、5-in. from edge A (see Fig. 3).8.1.4 Mill the C Channel, adjacent to the B channel,0.125-in. wide by 0.020-in. deep by 6.5-in. long. The near edgeof channel C should be 0.200 in. from edge A (see Fig. 3).8.1.5 OptionalMill the D channel adjacent to the Cchannel, 0.125-in. wide by 0.010-in. deep by 6
21、.5-in. long. Thenear edge of channel D should be 0.075-in. from edge A.NOTE 1The D channel is not required and shall not be milled if thelead shim is not to be used.3The instructions in Section 8 assume the simultaneous fabrication of five unitsfor practical reasons. Units may be fabricated singly,
22、if desired.Material MethylmethacrylateShim Thickness Hole DiameterA 0.005 0.005B 0.010 0.010C 0.020 0.020D 0.010 0.010NOTE 1All dimensions are in inches.NOTE 2The lead step may be replaced with a methylmethacrylate strip with the D shim eliminated.FIG. 1 Sensitivity IndicatorE2023 10 (2014)2NOTE 1Un
23、less otherwise specified, use the following:Dimensions are in inches.Tolerances on machined dimensions: .XX = 6 .01 .XXX = 6 .002.FIG. 2 Main Channel in Aluminum BlockNOTE 1Unless otherwise specified, use the following:Dimensions are in inches.Tolerances on machined dimensions: .XX = 6 .01 .XXX = 6
24、.002.FIG. 3 Channels A Through D in Main ChannelE2023 10 (2014)38.1.6 Prepare five methylmethacrylate strips, 0.060-in. thickby at least 0.200-in. wide by 6.5-in. long. These strips will beused in 8.2.11.8.1.7 Prepare four methylmethacrylate strips, 0.125-in.thick by at least 0.200-in. wide by 6.5-i
25、n. long. One of themethylmethacrylate strips may be replaced with an optionallead strip of the same dimensions. These strips will be used in8.2.5.8.1.8 Prepare one strip each from aluminum shim stock, atleast 0.200-in. wide by 6.5-in. long, with the followingthicknesses:0.0005 in.0.0010 in.0.0020 in
26、.0.0030 in.0.0040 in.0.0050 in.0.0100 in.8.1.9 Prepare one methylmethacrylate strip each to fitsnugly in the 0.125-in. wide by 6.5-in. long with the followingthicknesses:0.0050 in. (Shim A)0.0100 in. (Shim B)0.0200 in. (Shim C)0.0100 in. (Shim D) (If used, this strip is to be fabricated fromlead sto
27、ck (see Fig. 4). These strips will become Shim Athrough Shim D in 8.1.10.)8.1.10 Drill four holes in the shims from 8.1.9, starting0.218 in. from one end and centering the other three holes0.215 in. from the first hole. Repeat the process along the restof the 6.5-in. length (see Fig. 4). The diamete
28、r of the holes areas follows:Shim A 0.005-in. diameterShim B 0.010-in. diameterShim C 0.020-in. diameterShim D 0.010-in. diameter, if optional Shim D is to be used.To verify that the various shims have the proper holes drilledinto them, a certified hole measurement report is required.8.1.11 To keep
29、the SI intact during use, it is highly recom-mended that a dust cover be kept on the unit. One dust coverfor each SI may be prepared from aluminum shim stock,0.012-in. thick by 1.50-in.2by cutting out a 0.250-in.2fromeach corner and folding the aluminum to form a cover, 1-in.2by0.250-in. high (see F
30、ig. 1).8.2 Assembly:8.2.1 Insert Shim C into the C channel milled in 8.1.4 (seeFig. 5).8.2.2 Insert Shim B into the adjacent B channel milled in8.1.3 (see Fig. 5).8.2.3 Insert Shim A into the adjacent A channel milled in8.1.2 (see Fig. 5).8.2.4 If the D channel was milled in 8.1.5, insert the leadsh
31、im (see Fig. 5).8.2.5 Insert a 0.125-in. methylmethacrylate strip (previouslyprepared in 8.1.7) into the channel so that the second strip ispositioned over Shim C. Over Channel D, insert either theoptional lead strip or a 0.125-in. methylmethacrylate strip (seeFig. 6).8.2.6 Insert the 0.010-in. thic
32、k aluminum strip next to themethylmethacrylate strip between the B and C channels (seeFig. 6).8.2.7 Insert another 0.125-in. methylmethacrylate strip nextto the aluminum strip (see Fig. 6).8.2.8 Insert the 0.005-in. thick aluminum strip (see Fig. 6).8.2.9 Insert the last 0.125-in. methylmethacrylate
33、 strip nextto the previously inserted aluminum strip (see Fig. 6).8.2.10 Insert the 0.0005-in. thick aluminum strip next to thepreviously inserted methylmethacrylate strip (see Fig. 6).8.2.11 Insert a 0.060-in. thick methylmethacrylate strip nextto the previously inserted aluminum strip (see Fig. 6)
34、.8.2.12 Repeat the steps described in 8.2.10 and 8.2.11,alternating increasing aluminum strip thickness with 0.060-in.thick methylmethacrylate strips (see Fig. 6), that is:Shim Thickness Hole DiameterA 0.0050 0.0050B 0.0100 0.0100C 0.0200 0.0200D 0.0100 0.0100FIG. 4 ShimsE2023 10 (2014)40.001-in. th
35、ick aluminum strip0.060-in. thick methylmethacrylate strip0.002-in. thick aluminum strip0.060-in. thick methylmethacrylate strip0.003-in. thick aluminum strip0.060-in. thick methylmethacrylate strip0.004-in. thick aluminum strip0.060-in. thick methylmethacrylate strip8.2.13 Cut and insert aluminum s
36、hims sized as required fora tight fit between the last 0.060-in. methylmethacrylate stripand the wall of the channel to wedge all the strips in place. Thisstep is important for later machining of the unit. (See Fig. 6.)8.3 Fabrication:8.3.1 Mill off a 1.0-in. long section of the stacked channelfrom
37、the 6.5-in. length.8.3.2 Mill the top surface of the sectioned unit to a height of0.303 in. This height is equivalent to the first step of 0.200 in.of methylmethacrylate (see Fig. 7).8.3.3 Mill a 0.215-in. wide channel, 0.230-in. from Edge B(as shown in Fig. 7) across the full width of the stackedas
38、sembly, including the aluminum walls. The bottom of thechannel should be 0.203 in. from the bottom of the block.NOTE 1See Fig. 4.FIG. 5 Shims in ChannelsUnless otherwise specified, use the following:Dimensions are in inches.Tolerances on machined dimensions: .XX = 6 .01 .XXX = 6 .002.FIG. 6 Strips i
39、n Main ChannelE2023 10 (2014)58.3.4 Mill another 0.215-in. wide channel, 0.445-in. fromEdge B (as shown in Fig. 8) across the full width of the stackedassembly, including the aluminum walls. The bottom of thechannel should be 0.153 in. from the bottom of the block.8.3.5 Finish milling all stock betw
40、een the aluminum wallsfrom the last channel to Surface C to a height of 0.153 in. fromthe bottom of the block, as shown in Fig. 7. Do not removematerial from the aluminum walls. After completion, the blockshould look as shown in Fig. 8.8.3.6 Mill the final 0.215-in. wide channel, 0.660-in. fromEdge
41、B, including the aluminum walls. The bottom of thechannel should be 0.128 in. from the bottom of the block (seeFig. 9).8.3.7 Machine a base in the completed unit by cutting 0.015in. from all four sides. The machining should leave a 0.080-in.thick base (see Fig. 9).8.3.8 The SI is complete and should
42、 look identical to the SIshown in Fig. 1.Unless otherwise specified, use the following:Dimensions are in in.Tolerances on machined dimensions: .XX = 6 .01 .XXX = 6 .002.FIG. 7 First Milled StepUnless otherwise specified, use the following:Dimensions are in inches.Tolerances on machined dimensions: .
43、XX = 6 .01 .XXX = 6 .002.FIG. 8 Second Milled StepE2023 10 (2014)68.3.9 Slip-fit the dust cover from 8.1.11. Do not use glue.9. Certification9.1 Upon request of the purchaser by contract or purchaseorder, any fabricator of the SI described in this practice shallprovide materials certification. To ve
44、rify the details ofconstruction, a measurement certification of individual compo-nents and assembly to verify correct location and sizes and acomparison thermal neutron radiograph of the assembled SIand a reference standard SI shall be provided.9.2 All dimensions should be measured with a micrometer
45、or an optical comparator to determine the SI dimensions.9.3 The comparison thermal neutron radiograph of theassembled SI, along with a reference standard SI, shall showthe following:9.3.1 All shims and strips are in place and aluminum stripsare vertical (no blurred edges).9.3.2 A minimum of six or s
46、even holes should be visible,identical to those in the reference SI.9.3.3 Using a magnifier with a calibrated scale, measure thesize of the gaps and visible holes. If the measured dimensionsmatch those in the reference standard SIs image, the unit(s)are acceptable and can be certified.9.4 The compar
47、ison thermal neutron radiograph of theassembled SI with the reference standard SI shall meet qualitylevel Category I, specified in the latest edition of Method E545.9.5 Any SI certified under Method E54581 or later, isassumed to be a reference SI, unless there is known to be adisqualifying deficienc
48、y.10. Records10.1 Complete records of the fabrication details shall bemaintained by the manufacturing facility for three years or asspecified in the basis of purchase.11. Keywords11.1 direct method; image quality indicator; neutron radi-ography; sensitivity indicator (SI)ASTM International takes no
49、position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional sta
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