ASTM E2030-2009 Standard Guide for Recommended Uses of Photoluminescent (Phosphorescent) Safety Markings.pdf

1、Designation: E 2030 09An American National StandardStandard Guide forRecommended Uses of Photoluminescent (Phosphorescent)Safety Markings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2030; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the cas

2、e of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This guide

3、 describes recommended uses and informa-tion on installation of photoluminescent safety markings. Thisguide does not establish a standard practice to follow. Requiredmarkings shall be installed in accordance with applicablebuilding codes.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thesta

4、ndard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applic

5、a-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E 284 Terminology of AppearanceE 2072 Specification for Photoluminescent (Phosphores-cent) Safety Markings2.2 ICC/ANSI Standard:3ICC/ANSI A117.1 Standard on Accessible and UsableBuildings and Facilities3. Term

6、inology3.1 Definitions of terms in Terminology E 284 are appli-cable to this guide.4. Significance and Use4.1 Photoluminescent safety markings may be used toindicate the direction of the means of egress (escape route).NOTE 1Specification E 2072 covers photometric requirements forphotoluminescent (ph

7、osphorescent) safety materials.4.2 Photoluminescent safety markings can be divided intothe following categories:4.2.1 Floor Mounted MarkingsThese markings includefloor tiles, stair treads, stair nosings, floor inserts, tactilewarning strips, coatings, epoxy casting resins, and othermarkings attached

8、 to the floor.4.2.2 Wall Mounted MarkingsThese markings includecoatings, wall bases, tapes, corner guards, signage, exit maps,guidance strips, and other markings attached to walls, doors,handrails, columns, and other obstructions.5. Recommended Applications5.1 Floor Proximity Egress Path MarkingThis

9、 provides acontinuous delineation of the means of egress (escape route)from the occupied area to any exit doors that lead directly tothe public way, except as interrupted by intersecting corridors.Floor proximity egress path markings should be at least100-mm (4-in.) wide in all locations. If narrowe

10、r widths areused, the luminance shall increase, as indicated in SpecificationE 2072, section on Installation Site, On-Site Luminance. Floorproximity egress path markings should be applied to the floorsurface or installed on the wall, close to the floor (see Figs.1-5).5.2 Continuous Wall and Floor Ma

11、rkings in Corridors:5.2.1 Corridors 2-m (2.2-yd) or wider should be marked onboth sides.5.2.2 In dead end corridors only, the direction of travelshould be indicated by directional indicators pointing in thedirection of the means of egress (escape route). The maximumspacing between the individual dir

12、ectional indicators should be1-m (1.1-yd).5.3 Marking of Exit Doors and Emergency ExitsExitdoors and emergency exits in the course of the egress pathshould be marked with high and floor proximity exit signs. Onfire rated doors, the floor proximity exit sign should be placednext to the door with the

13、nearest edge of the sign within100-mm (4-in.) of the door frame with the bottom of the signnot less than 150-mm (6-in.), but not more than 455-mm(18-in.), above the floor. On non-fire rated doors, exit signs can1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E12 on Color andAppearance and is

14、 the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E12.13 on Photolu-minescent Safety Markings.Current edition approved April 15, 2009. Published July 2009. Originallyapproved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as E 2030 - 08.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org,

15、 orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from International Code Council (ICC), 500 New Jersey Ave., NW,6th Floor, Washington, DC 20001-2070, http:/www.iccsafe.

16、org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.be mounted directly on the door with the bottom of the sign notless than 150-mm (6-in.), but not more than 455-mm (18-in.),above the floor. Such doors should also either be marked a

17、llaround by highlighting their entire frames or by leading thefloor-proximity egress path marking up to the level of the doorhandle on the side of the door where the handle is located (seeFigs. 1-3). To aid in locating the door release, its knob/lever/handle/latch/bar and other operating devices sho

18、uld be markedby placing photoluminescent material behind it or on it (seeFig. 2 and Fig. 3).5.3.1 Doors inside an enclosed exit stairway that do notallow re-entry into the building should be marked by photolu-minescent material connecting the wall markings at the sameheight (see Fig. 4 and Fig. 5).5

19、4 Marking of Stairs and RampsPhotoluminescent mark-ings on stairs, ramps, and landings should clearly indicate theirbeginning, course, and end. Markings should be applied to thetread, the landing, and, where present, to the side(s) of thestairs (see Fig. 4 and Fig. 5).5.5 Handrails should be marked

20、 as part of the exit guidanceprocess. Preferably, the marking should be on the handrail or,as an alternative, applied to the wall adjacent to and above thehandrail (see Fig. 4 and Fig. 5).5.6 Obstacles, Protrusions and Other Hazards should beidentified with photoluminescent warning markings to becle

21、arly visible in a blackout condition (see Fig. 1).5.7 Fire Fighting Equipment should be marked by a sign(for example, hose station) or by placing photoluminescentFIG. 1 Corridor MarkingsE2030092material behind it (for example, a fire extinguisher) to aid infinding such equipment in darkness situatio

22、ns (see Figs. 1-5).5.8 Exit Maps should be provided on each floor, locatednext to the elevators, if present, or by the main stair(s), if noelevators are present (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 6).5.9 At any exit door leading to a stair, a sign should beprovided that identifies the stair (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 7)

23、5.10 In enclosed stairs, a stairway marking sign (see Fig. 8)should be provided on each floor landing that identifies thefollowing (see Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 9).(A) The stair enclosureThe stairway identification lettershould be located at the top of the sign in minimum 25-mm(1-in.) high lettering

24、B) The floor levelThe floor level number should belocated in the middle of the sign in minimum 125-mm (5-in.)high numbers. Mezzanine levels should have the letter “M” orother appropriate identification letter preceding the floor num-ber, while basement levels should have the letter “B” or otherapp

25、ropriate identification letter preceding the floor level num-ber. The floor level designation should also be tactile inaccordance with ICC/ANSI A117.1 Standard on Accessibleand Usable Buildings and Facilities.(C) The signage should indicate the terminus of the top andbottom of the stair enclosure. I

26、dentification of the lower andupper terminus of the stairway should be located at the bottomof the sign in minimum 25-mm (1-in.) high letters or numbersand should be in accordance with the visual character require-ments of ICC/ANSI A117.1.(D) The signage should indicate the floor level of, and thedi

27、rection to, exit discharge.(E) The signage should be located inside the enclosureapproximately 1525-mm (60-in.) above the floor landing in aposition that is visible when the door is in the open or closedposition.(F) The signage should comply with the visual characterand background requirements of IC

28、C/ANSI A117.1.(G) Roof access or the lack thereof should be designated bya sign that reads ROOF ACCESS or NO ROOF ACCESS andlocated under the stairway identification letter. Lettering shouldbe a minimum of 25-mm (1-in.) high and should be inaccordance with the visual character requirements of ICC/AN

29、SI A117.1.5.11 Exit SignsHigh and floor proximity photolumines-cent exit signs may be used. Exit signs should be listed inaccordance with UL924, Standard for Emergency Lighting andPower Equipment (see Figs. 1-3)(Figs. 10-12).6. Keywords6.1 low location lighting; photoluminescent safety mark-ings; em

30、ergency lightingFIG. 2 Floor Proximity Exit Sign Mounted Adjacent to Fire RatedExit DoorFIG. 3 Floor Proximity Exit Sign Mounted on Non-fire Rated ExitDoorE2030093FIG. 4 Wall and Floor Markings in an Enclosed StairwayE2030094FIG. 5 Stair Markings in an Enclosed Exit StairwayE2030095FIG. 6 Exit MapFI

31、G. 7 Identification Sign for StairsE2030096FIG. 8 Stairway Marking SignFIG. 9 Re-entry SignFIG. 10 Usable Elevator Sign where Elevators are Part of Meansof EgressFIG. 11 No Re-entry SignE2030097APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. RELATED INFORMATIONX1.1 Further information on photoluminescent mark

32、ingscan be found in the following materials:DIN 67510 Parts 1-4, Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin,Germany.IMO Resolution A.752(18), available from InternationalMaritime Organization, Publications Section, 4 Albert Em-bankment, London SE1 7SR, England.JIS-Z9107, available from Japanese Standards Assoc

33、iation,1- 24, Akasaka 4, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107, Japan.MSC62/QP.17, Maritime Safety Committee of IMO.PSPA Standard 002 Part 2, 1993, PSPA, United Kingdom.UL 924 AND UL 1994 (Underwriters Laboratories stan-dards, available from Global Engineering Documents, Boulder,Colorado).ASTM International takes no

34、 position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own respons

35、ibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed t

36、o ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the add

37、ress shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).FIG. 12 Area of Refuge SignE2030098