ASTM E2123-2016 Standard Practice for Transmittal of Evidence in Sexual Assault Investigation《性骚扰调查证据的传输标准实施规程》.pdf

1、Designation: E2123 10E2123 16Standard Practice forTransmittal of Evidence in Sexual Assault Investigation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2123; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last r

2、evision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice describes the basic considerations that will help preserve different items or types of sexual assault relatede

3、vidence for subsequent analysis. This practice is designed to be used in conjunction with other specifications, guides, and practicesassociated with sexual assault examinations that are listed in Section 2.1.2 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations.

4、 This standard cannot replaceknowledge, skill, or ability acquired through appropriate education, training, and experience and should be used in conjunctionwith sound professional judgment.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It i

5、s the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E1459 Guide for Physical Evidence Labeling and Related DocumentationE1492 Practice fo

6、r Receiving, Documenting, Storing, and Retrieving Evidence in a Forensic Science LaboratoryE1732 Terminology Relating to Forensic ScienceE1843 Guide for Sexual Assault Investigation, Examination, and Evidence CollectionE2057 Specifications for Preparation of Laboratory Analysis Requests in Sexual As

7、sault Investigations2.2 Other Standards:The Biological Evidence Preservation Handbook: Best Practices for Evidence Handlers Ballou, S. M., et al., 20133. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in these specifications see Terminology E1732 and the Compilation of ASTMStandard Definiti

8、ons (1990).4. Summary of Practice4.1 Evidence collected from the victim or suspect, other physical evidence from the crime scene, and investigative facts andmedical conclusions associated with a sexual assault examination should be treated in a manner that will ensure their suitablepreservation for

9、presentation in legal proceedings.4.2 All individuals associated with the investigation should be prepared to protect the evidence chain of custody and preservewhat are often trace amounts of perishable biological materials, and other trace evidence such as hairs, fibers, lubricants, andparticulate

10、evidence that may not be visible to the unaided eye.4.3 These standard specifications are to be used in conjunction with Guide E1843 and Specification E2057.4.3.1 Additional information can be found in Practice E1492.5. Significance and Use5.1 The procedures put forth in this standard are designed t

11、o preserve sexual assault evidence items during collection, storage,and transmittal for analysis at an appropriate laboratory.1 This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E30 on Forensic Sciences and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E30.01 on Criminalistics.Current edition

12、 approved June 1, 2010April 1, 2016. Published June 2010April 2016. Originally approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 20092010 asE2123 09.E2123 10. DOI: 10.1520/E2123-10. 10.1520/E2123-16.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Servic

13、e at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous

14、version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM Interna

15、tional, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States16. Procedure6.1 Evidence Chain of Custody:6.1.1 The chain of custody in a sexual assault examination of a victim is unique in that it may be difficult to control in the midstof administering to the needs of a

16、n often mobile and traumatized individual.6.1.2 An “investigator” in this usage may be, but is not limited to, an emergency medical practitioner, social worker, nurse,physician, or law enforcement officer.6.1.2.1 Each “investigator” should ensure that the chain of custody is continued for the transf

17、er of the evidence to the next“investigator” in the process.6.1.3 It is the responsibility of each “investigator” of the assault to ensure that the chain of custody is continued by thesubsequent investigator, evidence transporter, or evidence storage person.6.1.3 The basic requirements for the label

18、ing and initiating a chain of custody of evidence items are described in Guide E1459.6.2 Preservation of Evidence:6.2.1 All items of physical evidence collected in the investigation should be treated as though they are, or may contain,perishable biological materials until they can be examined by an

19、appropriate forensic laboratory.6.2.2 Liquid blood samples should be collected and transported as required by the examining forensic laboratory. Dried stainsmay be transported at room temperature.6.2.2.1 In some cases, more than one blood sample may be required from an individual for a combination o

20、f serological(including DNA) and toxicological testing. The preservative or anticoagulant required in each sample may be different and theanalyzing laboratorys requirements for each sample should be followed.6.2.3 Blood and urine obtained for toxicological examination, and other items which must rem

21、ain in liquid form should besealed in appropriate containers. If frozen, they should remain in a frozen condition during all transportation and storage. Glassvials or jars containing liquid body fluids such as blood and urine should never be frozen as glass containers may break. Other itemsof biolog

22、ical evidence should be air dried at room temperature, packaged and sealed in paper envelopes, paper bags, or paper boardcontainers, or containers that allow evaporation. An outer, sealed plastic bag may be used, if required, for air dried evidence andcontained liquid specimens only. Sealed plastic

23、Plastic bags should never be used for moist or damp avoided for the long-termstorage of biological evidence.6.2.4 Containers holding biological samples and stains, including items that are suspected of supporting biological samples andstains, should be labeled with a biohazard label or notation.6.3

24、Packaging of Evidence:6.3.1 Each item of clothing, bedding, upholstery, weaponry, bindings, or other physical evidence should be packaged separatelywhenever practical and possible, unless trace evidence associated with the items could be lost in the process of separation.6.3.2 Each item of evidence

25、should be photographed in its original (found) location and condition before collection. A packageof the resulting photographs can accompany the evidence or be submitted as requested for evaluation of the evidence.6.3.3 Bedding should be marked to indicate the upper surface, covered with paper, and

26、that surface should be folded over onitself to prevent materials from being transferred to the opposite side from which they were originally deposited.6.3.4 Individually packaged items, associated with a single individual or one limited location such as a bed, may be boxedtogether for transmittal an

27、d storage.6.3.5 Items originating from two or more limitedseparate locations should never be boxed together. Separate beds in a singleroom, separate rooms in a single residence, or separate seats in a single automobile are examples of separate locations.6.3.6 When possible, evidence sampling should

28、be done in the appropriate forensic laboratory rather than in the field or at thescene of an assault. Items too unwieldy to be packaged and stored, or transitory evidence that could be lost in transport should besampled in the field after scaled photography or diagramming, or both, of the items in t

29、heir original locations.6.3.7 After sampling, preservation, and analysis of identified stains, items that are found to contain no additional perishablematerials or stains may be stored at room temperature.6.3.8 All items to be analyzed should be transported to the examining laboratory as soon as pos

30、sible in either the dried,refrigerated dried or frozenrefrigerated state as described in 6.2. These items should be transmitted with the documentationspecified in Specifications E2057.E2123 1627. Keywords7.1 chain of custody; evidence storage; evidence transmittal; preservation of evidence; sexual a

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