1、Designation: E 2140 01Standard Test Method forWater Penetration of Metal Roof Panel Systems by StaticWater Pressure Head1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2140; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, th
2、e year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This Laboratory test method covers the determination ofthe resistance to water penetration of exterior meta
3、l roof panelsystem sideseams, endlaps, and roof plane penetrations when aspecified static water pressure head is applied to the outsideface of the roof panel.NOTE 1This test method is intended to evaluate water-barrier (notwater-shedding) roof system joints and details. These systems are alsoreferre
4、d to as hydrostatic roof systems.1.2 This test method is limited to specimens in which thesideseams and attachments are clearly visible and in which thesource of leakage is readily observable.1.3 This test method excludes performance at roof perimeterconditions.1.4 This test method is suitable for e
5、valuating leakage atroof plane penetrations such as fasteners, curbs, pipes andexpansion joints under a static water pressure head.1.5 The proper use of this test method requires a knowledgeof the principles of water pressure.1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standar
6、d. The SI equivalents of inch-pound units areapproximate.1.7 The text of this standard includes notes and footnotesexcluding tables and figures, which provide explanatory mate-rial. These notes and footnotes shall not be considered asrequirements of the standard.1.8 This standard does not purport to
7、 address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specificprecautionary statements, see Section 7
8、.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:E 631 Terminology of Building Construction2E 1646 Standard Test Method for Water Penetration ofExterior Metal Roof Panel Systems by Uniform Static AirPressure Difference23. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of general terms relating tobuilding const
9、ruction used in this method, see TerminologyE 631.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 composite roof systemsroof systems consisting of anexterior metal skin and other components. Factory assembledcomposite panels consist of an exterior metal skin, insulationand interior metal sk
10、in. Field assembled composite systemsconsist of exterior metal skins, underlayment and a structuralroof deck.3.2.2 panel endlapthe connection between two in-linemetal panels across the width of the panels.3.2.3 panel sideseamthe connection between two adja-cent metal panels along the length of the p
11、anels.3.2.4 specimenthe entire assembled unit submitted fortest as described in Section 8.3.2.5 water leakagepenetration of water through theplane of the innermost face of the test specimen during the testperiod.3.2.6 water pressure headthe distance from the surface ofthe water to the lowest point o
12、r cell of the metal panelspecimen, measured at the locations shown in Fig. 1.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The test consists of sealing and fixing a test specimen toa horizontal support frame, locating vertical water dams aroundthe perimeter of the test specimen, applying a specified staticwater head
13、 to the outside face of the test specimen andobserving for water leakage on the underside of the testspecimen.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is a standard procedure for determiningwater leakage through metal roof panel system sideseams,endlaps, and roof plane penetrations when the roof
14、system issubjected to a specified static water pressure head.NOTE 2In applying the results of tests by this method, note that theperformance of a roof or its components or both, is in part a function of1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 onPerformance of Building Constr
15、uctions and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee E06.57 on Performance of Metal Roof Systems.Current edition approved April 10, 2001. Published May 2001.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.07.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2
16、959, United States.proper installation and adjustment. In service, the performance will alsodepend on the integrity of the supporting construction, roof slope, and onthe resistance of components to deterioration by various causes: corrosiveatmosphere, aging, ice, vibration, thermal cycling, etc. It
17、is difficult tosimulate the identical complex wetting, aging and other variable condi-tions that can be encountered in service, including wind-blown pondedwater, the effects of temperature and age on sealant performance,differential pressure across the joints due to wind, snow and ice accumu-lation,
18、 densification and migration, and abrasions within the joint compo-nents which may occur during thermal cycling and other weather events.Some joint conditions are more sensitive than others to these factors.5.2 This test method will evaluate the resistance of roofpanels, sideseams, endlaps, and roof
19、 plane penetrations towater submersion. It will not evaluate panel resistance to winddriven rain.NOTE 3See E 1646 for a test which evaluates resistance to winddriven rain.5.3 This test method is not a structural adequacy test.5.4 This test method is applicable to single skin metalpanels, the exterio
20、r skin of factory assembled compositepanels, and the exterior skin of field assembled compositesystems as long as means can be provided to distinguishleakage through the exterior panel sideseams/endlaps andperimeter leakage.6. Apparatus6.1 This description of apparatus is general in nature andany ar
21、rangement of equipment capable of performing the testprocedure within the allowable tolerances is permitted.NOTE 4One such alternate test apparatus arrangement consists ofperimeter seals erected on top of the test specimen.6.2 Test Chamber(See Figs. 1 and 2). A well-sealedFIG. 1 Plan of Typical Thre
22、e-Span Test Specimen Mounted in ChamberFIG. 2 Section Through Typical Test Specimen Mounted in ChamberE2140012chamber or box with either an opening, a removable mountingpanel or one open face in which or against which the specimenis installed and sealed. The test chamber shall be maintained ina hori
23、zontal position.6.2.1 The test chamber shall be provided with a horizontalperimeter support ledge to which test specimens may beattached and sealed.6.2.2 The test specimen shall be anchored to the testchamber perimeter to adequately resist imposed test loadswithout leakage or failure.6.2.3 The test
24、chamber shall be provided with a verticalwater dam around the perimeter of the chamber. Water damshall be well sealed and of sufficient height to maintain therequired water pressure head.6.2.4 A means of viewing all areas under the roof panelspecimen shall be provided to facilitate observations for
25、waterleakage. It is important to isolate perimeter leakage fromleakage in areas under evaluation. For factory assembledcomponents, this may be accomplished by omitting any sealantfrom joints of the interior metal skin.6.3 Water Pressure Head Measurement DeviceA cali-brated scale capable of measuring
26、 the water pressure headwithin a tolerance of 60.1 in. (3 mm).6.3.1 Four water pressure head measurement devices shallbe used, and shall be located as shown in Fig. 1. Each deviceshall be located directly over a perimeter support ledge, and notmore than 1.0 in. (25 mm) from the base of the sidelap.7
27、. Safety Precautions7.1 Adequate precautions shall be taken to protect personnelfrom test chamber or test specimen failure during loading.8. Test Specimens8.1 Roof test specimens shall be of sufficient size todetermine the performance of all typical parts of the roofsystem.8.2 For roofs constructed
28、with prefabricated or preformedunits or panels, the specimen width shall not be less than threetypical units plus supporting elements at each side.8.3 The specimen shall include at least four sideseams andat least two panel endlaps in adjacent panels in accordance withmanufacturers standard details.
29、 The center line of the panelsideseams must be at least 6 in. (150 mm) from the perimeterof the test assembly as shown in Fig. 1.8.4 The test specimen shall be installed as a multiple-spancondition, unless the panel is used only in single-span appli-cations. If two spans are used, they shall be uneq
30、ual, with theshorter being 75 % of the longer. If three or more spans areused, they shall be equal in length. One span of the testspecimen shall not be less than the maximum span to be usedin a roof application.8.5 All parts of the roof test specimen shall be full size,using the same materials, deta
31、ils, seals, and methods ofconstruction and anchorage in accordance with manufacturersstandard written and/or illustrated instructions. Specimen at-tachments and seals at test chamber perimeters are exemptfrom this requirement. Composite systems tested shall utilize asubstrate of the same stiffness t
32、o be used in the field assembly.8.6 The specimen perimeter shall be well sealed and struc-turally attached to the test apparatus perimeter to isolateleakage through the test specimen from leakage through theperimeter. For composite roof systems, remove internal orsecondary seals and disrupt all poss
33、ible channels that maycarry leakage to the perimeter of the test specimen. Thesubstrate of field assembled composite roof systems shall bemade discontinuous so that any leakage through the externalskin is readily identified as such.8.7 Structural panel supports shall be the same size andshape as spe
34、cified in manufacturers standard written and/orillustrated instructions. Structural supports shall be designed tosupport test loads.8.8 Roof insulation shall not be included unless it is anintegral part of the roof panel system.9. Procedure9.1 Remove any sealing material or construction that is notn
35、ormally a part of the typical panel assembly.NOTE 5When full length brake-forming is available, the test panels atthe side rails can be bent upward to form effective side seals.NOTE 6Non hardening mastic compounds or pressure sensitive tapescan be used effectively to seal the test panel assembly to
36、test chamber.NOTE 7The perimeter seals between test panel specimen and testchamber do not have to duplicate actual building perimeter details.9.2 Load the test specimen to approximately 3 in. (75 mm)of water pressure head. Maintain water level for a minimum of5 minutes.NOTE 8The use of room-temperat
37、ure water is recommended to avoidcondensation which may interfere with the observations of water leakage.9.2.1 Examine perimeter seals and repair as necessary.Restore water pressure head to approximately 3 in. (75 mm) ifrequired and maintain for a minimum of 5 min.NOTE 9A small amount of perimeter s
38、eal leakage is permittedprovided that it does not impede the determination of water leakage on theinside face of the roof panel specimen.9.3 Increase the water pressure head to 6 in. (150 mm).9.3.1 Maintain the 6 in. (150 mm) 60.2 in. (5 mm) waterpressure head for a period of 6 h.9.3.2 Record the wa
39、ter pressure head and observe for waterleakage on the inside face of the roof panel specimen 1 h afterthe start of the test, 3 h after the start of the test, andimmediately prior to test termination.9.3.3 The test procedure shall be terminated after6horupon observation of water leakage on the inside
40、 face of the roofpanel specimen.9.4 Remove all water from test specimen area. Observe andrecord condition of panels, panel endlaps and panel sideseams.10. Report10.1 Report the following information:10.1.1 Date of test and date of test report.10.1.2 Title of test, author of test report, and test spo
41、nsor.10.1.3 Identification of the test specimen (manufacturer,source of supply, dimensions, model, type, materials, and otherpertinent information).E214001310.1.4 Detailed drawings of the test specimen that provide adescription of the physical characteristics including dimen-sional section profiles,
42、 framing location, panel arrangement,installation and spacing of anchorage and clips, accessories,sealants, and any other pertinent construction details.10.1.5 Record the sealant type, geometry and location.Record the panel fastener type and locations. Record the panelendlap and sideseam locations,
43、construction, seals and attach-ment methods.10.1.6 A statement that the specimen resisted the requiredwater pressure head without observed water leakage, or astatement describing observed water leakage (if any).10.1.7 A statement that the test or tests were conducted inaccordance with this method or
44、 a complete description of anydeviations from this method.11. Precision and Bias11.1 This test is a pass/fail test and therefore no precisionand bias statement can be developed.12. Keywords12.1 endlap; metal panel; roof; roof panel; sideseam; staticwater pressure; water; water leakage; water penetra
45、tionASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights,
46、 are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional sta
47、ndardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Com
48、mittee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).E2140014
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