1、Designation: E2189 101Standard Test Method forTesting Resistance to Fogging in Insulating Glass Units1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2189; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revis
2、ion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTE6.1.6, 6.1.7, and 6.2.1 were corrected editorially in March 2012.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers procedures for testing theresistan
3、ce to fogging of preassembled permanently sealedinsulating glass units or insulating glass units with capillarytubes intentionally left open.1.2 This test method is applicable only to sealed insulatingglass units that are constructed with glass.1.3 This test method is applicable to both double-glaze
4、d andtriple-glazed insulating glass units; for triple-glazed insulatingglass units where both of the outer lites are glass and the innerlite is either glass or a suspended film.1.4 The unit construction used in this test method containsconstruction details that are essential components of the test.D
5、ifferent types of glass, different glass thicknesses and differ-ent airspace sizes may affect the test results.1.5 This test method is not applicable to sealed insulatingglass units containing a spandrel glass coating due to testinglimitations.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded ass
6、tandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the a
7、pplica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C162 Terminology of Glass and Glass ProductsC717 Terminology of Building Seals and SealantsE631 Terminology of Building ConstructionsE2188 Test Method for Insulating Glass Unit PerformanceE2190 Specificat
8、ion for Insulating Glass Unit Performanceand Evaluation3. Terminology3.1 Definition of Terms:3.1.1 For definitions of terms found in the standard, refer toTerminology C717, Terminology C162 and Terminology E631.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 fog, nvisible deposits present a
9、fter testing in accor-dance with Section 8 that were not present prior to testing. Fogdoes not include defects in a glass coating or the glass substratewhen examined prior to testing.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method is intended to provide a means fortesting the resistance to fogging in se
10、aled insulating glass units.4.2 This test method is also intended to provide a means fortesting the resistance to fogging caused by components in theinterior of the unit. These interior components include, but arenot limited to, suspended or applied films, decorative compo-nents, muntins, and coatin
11、gs.5. Test Specimens5.1 Each test specimen shall be manufactured in accordancewith Test Method E2188, Section 5.5.2 For test specimens containing muntin bars, the speci-mens shall be fabricated with the muntin bars dividing thespecimens into nine equal areas (3 by 3). See Fig. 1.5.3 Viewing of the f
12、og shall not be compromised by anyinternal component.5.4 For double-glazed units, at least three specimens ofidentical component materials and construction shall be sub-mitted.5.5 For triple-glazed units, at least five specimens of iden-tical component materials and construction shall be submitted.F
13、or these units, the manufacturer shall specify the exteriorsurface.NOTE 1Certain reflective coatings may interfere with the ability toview fog.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 onPerformance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.22on Durabi
14、lity Performance of Building Constructions.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2010. Published November 2010. Originallyapproved in 2002. Last previous editions approved in 2002 as E2189 02. DOI:10.1520/E2189-10E01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Cus
15、tomer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.6 During all stages of storage a
16、nd handling, the units shallbe held in a vertical position with equal support to all panes andno compression loading.5.7 Damaged units shall not be tested.6. Apparatus6.1 Volatile Fog Test Apparatus:6.1.1 The dimensions and components are found in Fig. 2.The construction of the apparatus shall be ca
17、pable of maintain-ing 50 6 3C. In order to maintain this temperature, a fan shallbe mounted in the box. The fan shall run as needed in order tomaintain the air temperature in the apparatus.6.1.2 The apparatus shall be constructed from sturdy, solidmaterials that minimize the escape of ultraviolet li
18、ght into thesurrounding area.12 or34 in. plywood has been found suitablefor this purpose. Stainless steel construction is also acceptable.6.1.3 The interior of the apparatus shall have a reflectivesurface. If plywood is used to construct the apparatus, then linethe entire interior of the apparatus w
19、ith aluminum foil or otherreflective material.6.1.4 The test specimen supports shall be located as shownin Fig. 2.6.1.5 The chamber shall have radiation-shielded thermo-couples to continuously monitor the chamber air temperature atthe locations shown in Fig. 2, identified by the labels TC1through TC
20、4.6.1.6 The cooling plates shall be constructed of a conduc-tive material such as copper or brass. The cooling plates shallbe 150 6 5 mm diameter and shall be placed directly incomplete contact with the glass surface for the duration of thetest. Alternatively, a rectangular cooling plate shall be177
21、 6 6cm2in area with an aspect ratio (long side/short side)less than or equal to 1.4.6.1.7 The cooling water temperature shall be determined asthe water immediately exits the apparatus from each coolingplate as shown in Fig. 2. The cooling water temperature atthese locations shall be 21 6 2C.6.1.8 Al
22、ternatively, an electric chilling apparatus shall beused to control the cooling plate.6.2 Ultraviolet Light Source:6.2.1 WarningUltraviolet light sources used in this testmethod are harmful to the human body, especially to the eyes.Appropriate protective measures must be observed. The sourceshall co
23、nsist of one 300 W ultraviolet lamp3and shall be placedas shown in Fig. 2. The output of the UV source shall bemeasured from a distance of 355 6 5 mm with a long-waveultraviolet meter4and shall not be less than 400 W/cm2.6.3 Fog Examination Light Source:6.3.1 The source shall consist of two fluoresc
24、ent light bulbsin a standard two bulb fixture. These bulbs shall be 20 W, coolwhite bulbs and shall be nominally 610 mm in length.7. Test Specimen Preparation7.1 The sealed insulating glass units shall be sealed aminimum of 4 weeks from date of manufacture to allow forstabilization before testing be
25、gins. The manufacturer has theoption to waive this requirement.7.2 The glass surfaces shall be clean prior to testing.8. Procedure8.1 Chamber Preparation:8.1.1 The cooling plate shall be clean and the contactsurface shall be flat.8.1.2 For double-glazed units with low-e coatings, the coldplate shall
26、 be located on the low-e coated lite.8.1.3 For triple-glazed units, both cavities shall be tested.Two units shall be tested with the exterior lite (as identified bythe manufacturer) towards the cooling plate and two units shallbe tested with the interior lite (as identified by the manufac-turer) tow
27、ards the cooling plate.8.2 Test Procedure:8.2.1 Randomly select two double-glazed specimens or fourtriple-glazed specimens for testing.8.2.2 Examine the surfaces of each test specimen prior totesting for flaws and deposits as indicated in 8.3. Record theposition or location of any surface flaws that
28、 are seen. If anydeposits are seen, the specimen shall not be tested.8.2.3 Mount the two selected specimens within a volatilefog test apparatus similar to that shown in Fig. 2 and close thelid before turning on the UV lamp.8.2.4 Turn on the UV lamp source.8.2.5 Maintain all thermocouples (shown in F
29、ig. 2 as TC1,TC2, TC3, and TC4) at 50 6 3C. The fan and vents shall beused to regulate this air temperature. The temperature differ-ential from thermocouple #1 to thermocouple #2 shall notexceed 3C. The temperature differential from thermocouple#3 to thermocouple #4 shall not exceed 3C.3The only sui
30、table lamp is the Osram Ultra Vitalux lamp. The sole source ofsupply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is from WestburneElectric, 635 Westburn Drive, Vaughn, Ontario L4K 4R8 Canada. If you are awareof alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM InternationalHead
31、quarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee,1which you may attend.4The only suitable meter is the Blak-Ray UV Meter with J221 sensor cell. Thesole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is UVP,LLC, 2066
32、West 11th St., Upland, CA 91786. If you are aware of alternativesuppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsibletechnical committee,1which you may attend.FIG. 1 Schematic Drawing of Insulati
33、ng Glass Unit with MuntinBarsE2189 10128.2.6 Maintain the temperature of the cooling water at21 6 2C. Determine the temperature of the cooling waterimmediately after it leaves the test apparatus for each coolingplate.8.2.7 If an electric chilling apparatus is used to control thecooling plate tempera
34、ture, maintain the required temperature asnoted in 8.2.6. Measure the temperature of the surface of thecold plate portion of this device.8.2.8 The specimens shall be exposed to these conditionsfor a period of seven days or as determined by the specifier.8.2.9 For triple pane units, both cavities sha
35、ll be tested. Twounits shall be tested with the exterior lite (as identified by themanufacturer) towards the cooling plate and two units shall betested with the interior lite (as identified by the manufacturer)towards the cooling plate.FIG. 2 Volatile Fogging Exposure BoxE2189 10138.3 After exposure
36、, remove the test specimens from the testapparatus. Examine them carefully for fog by holding at armslength (approximately 500 to 750 mm) from the eyes. Movethe specimen to any angle necessary using both reflected andtransmitted light to thoroughly check the surface of the glassfor fogging.8.3.1 The
37、 examination for the presence of fog shall be donein a dark room or darkened area where the only light source forviewing the test specimens in the fog examination light sourcedescribed in 6.3.8.3.2 The lights used to examine the test specimens shall bea minimum of 1.5 m from the examiner.8.3.3 To vi
38、ew the specimens in transmitted light, hold thetest specimens in front of the fluorescent bulbs and examine thearea of glass where the cooling plate had been located.8.3.4 To view the specimens in reflected light, the examinershall stand between the light source and the test specimens.Hold the test
39、specimens to reflect the fluorescent light andagain examine the glass surface as in 8.3.3.8.3.5 The glass surface shall be viewed directly through thearea where the cooling plate was located during testing andthrough the opposite lite of glass.8.3.6 In addition to examining the area under the coolin
40、gplate, the entire glass surface shall be examined and comparedto the glass surface before testing. Flaws or deposits seen aftertesting shall be recorded and reported.8.4 If fog is not observed, record this information. Thetesting is complete.8.5 If fog is observed, record this information and hold
41、thetest specimen(s) for 24 h at room temperature. After this 24-hperiod, re-examine the specimen(s), as in 8.3.8.6 Record the temperature readings for each of the fourthermocouples at least once during the testing period.8.7 If fog is not observed, record this information. Thetesting is complete.8.8
42、 If fog is observed at the 24-h observation, record thisinformation and hold the test specimen an additional 6 days.After the 7 day period, reexamine the specimens, as in 8.3.8.9 The units shall show no evidence of fogging when testedand viewed in accordance with 8.3-8.8.9. Report9.1 Report the foll
43、owing data:9.1.1 Complete Description of Specimen Tested:9.1.1.1 Dimensions of the test specimen (width, height andoverall thickness).9.1.1.2 Type and thickness of glass.9.1.1.3 Glass coatings and surface locations if applicable.9.1.1.4 Airspace thicknesses.9.1.1.5 Spacer composition(s) and configur
44、ation(s).9.1.1.6 Corner construction including the type and numberof corner keys.9.1.1.7 Desiccant type and quantity, if provided.9.1.1.8 Presence and type of tube, if applicable.9.1.1.9 Presence and composition (if known) of muntinbars.9.1.1.10 Sealant type and dimensions, if provided.9.1.1.11 Manu
45、facturer and manufactured date (month orquarter, if known, and year).9.1.2 Duration of fog test (number of days).9.1.3 The four thermocouple temperatures (TC1 throughTC4) range.9.1.4 Presence or absence of fog after removal from thechamber, after 24 h and after 7 days, if applicable.9.1.5 Glass brea
46、kage, if observed.10. Precision and Bias10.1 Precision and BiasNo information is presentedabout either the precision or bias of Test Method E2189 formeasuring fog since the test result is nonquantitative. Initialinterlaboratory test results show that specimens randomlychosen from the same group of t
47、est specimens produce thesame test results within each test facility. When test specimensof identical construction were tested at five different laborato-ries, four of the five laboratories were able to correctly identifyall test specimens as either passing or failing the test. One testlaboratory in
48、correctly reported one set of test specimen results.In total, of the 40 specimens tested, 38 test specimens werecorrectly identified as either passing or failing the test. Addi-tional interlaboratory studies are being planned.11. Keywords11.1 fogging of IGU; insulating glass units IGU; sealedinsulat
49、ing glass unitsASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revi
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