ASTM E2260-2003(2012)e1 Standard Guide for Repointing (Tuckpointing) Historic Masonry《砖石建筑古迹重嵌灰缝 (砖砌体嵌凸缝) 的标准指南》.pdf

1、Designation: E2260 03 (Reapproved 2012)1Standard Guide forRepointing (Tuckpointing) Historic Masonry1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2260; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisi

2、on. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTESection 2.2 was editorially corrected in November 2013.1. Scope1.1 This guide applies only to existing historic masonryconstruction. For

3、 purposes of this guide historic masonry isintended to refer to buildings that have significant historic,architectural, cultural or social meaning and are constructed ofmasonry materials. Similar techniques and evaluation shouldbe employed for non-historic masonry, but are not addressed inthis guide

4、.1.2 This guide outlines procedures for repointing historicmasonry and is intended to provide guidelines for the user toestablish project-specific requirements for repointing of his-toric masonry.1.3 This guide only pertains to masonry units: brick, terracotta, stone, cast stone, and concrete brick

5、laid in mortar, andmay or may not be appropriate for other masonry units.1.4 This guide addresses repointing (tuckpointing) as de-fined in 3.1.3.1.5 When considering repointing, especially on masonry ofartistic, architectural, cultural, or historical significance, guid-ance from a specialist experie

6、nced in historic masonry andrepointing should be sought.1.6 This guide does not address pointing styles or profilesused on masonry or the methods of producing them.1.7 Additional repairs that may impact the structural integ-rity of the masonry may necessitate that a structural stabilityanalysis be c

7、ompleted prior to the execution of any work.1.8 Following this guide may involve hazardous materials,operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport toaddress all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with itsuse. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard toestablish appro

8、priate safety and health practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C67 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick andStructural Clay TileC140 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing ConcreteMasonry Units and Related U

9、nitsC170 Test Method for Compressive Strength of DimensionStoneC780 Test Method for Preconstruction and ConstructionEvaluation of Mortars for Plain and Reinforced UnitMasonryC1324 Test Method for Examination and Analysis of Hard-ened Masonry MortarE1857 Guide for Selection of Cleaning Techniques for

10、Masonry, Concrete, and Stucco SurfacesC270 Specification for Mortar for Unit MasonryC1072 Test Methods for Measurement of Masonry FlexuralBond StrengthE631 Terminology of Building Constructions2.2 Other Referenced Documents:ACI 530.1/ASCE 6/TMS 602 Specifications for MasonryStructures3BIA Technical

11、Note 7F Moisture Resistance of Brick Ma-sonry Maintenance, reissued October 19984BIA Technical Note 1 All-Weather Construction, revisedMarch 19924Secretary of the Interiors Standards for the Treatment ofHistoric Properties, revised 19955London, M., Masonry: How to Care for Old and HistoricBrick and

12、Stone, The Preservation Press, Washington, DC,19881This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Performanceof Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.24 on BuildingPreservation and Rehabilitation Technology.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2012. Published Janu

13、ary 2012. Originallypublished in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as E2260 03. DOI:10.1520/E2260-03R12E01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer t

14、o the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, FarmingtonHills, MI 48333-9094, http:/www.concrete.org.4Available from the Brick Industry Association (BIA), 1850 Centennial ParkDrive, Suite 301, Reston, VA 20191, http:/www.bi

15、a.org.5Available from U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service,Preservation Assistance Division, 1849 C Street, N.W., Washington DC 20240,http:/www.doi.gov.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1McKee, H. J., “I

16、ntroduction to Early American Masonry:Stone, Brick, Mortar, and Plaster,” The National Trust,Washington, DC, 1973.“Preparation and Use of Lime Mortars: An Introduction tothe Principles of Using Lime Mortars,” Historic Scotland,Edinburgh, Scotland, 1998Oats, J. A. H., Lime and LimestoneChemistry andT

17、echnology, Production and Uses, Wiley-VCH, NewYork, 1998Mack, R. C., and Speweik, J. P., Preservation Brief #2,“Repointing Mortar Joints in Historic MasonryBuildings,” National Park Service, U.S. Department of theInterior, Washington, DC, 1998Weaver, M., Conserving Buildings: A Guide to Techniquesan

18、d Materials, John Wiley this improves cure and bond strength. No standingwater should be visible in the joint.10.3 Preparation of Mortar:10.3.1 Mix dry mortar materials first. Add enough water todry materials such that the mortar can be pressed into a ball byhand.10.3.2 Establish a period of prehydr

19、ation of the repointingmortar. Prehydrate the mortar by mixing the dry materials withjust enough water to allow the mortar to be formed into a ballby hand. The prehydrated mortar should then be allowed tostand for not less than one hour, nor more than one and one halfhour (BIA Technical Note 7F). Pr

20、ehydration helps to reduceshrinkage cracks in the mortar joints. Adjust prehydration timeas necessary depending on weather conditions.10.3.3 After the prehydration period, mix mortar materialswith only enough water to be workable.10.3.4 Use mortar within two hours of final mixing.10.3.5 Adding addit

21、ional water to the mortar to maintainworkability, known as retempering, can be performed duringthe two-hour period. Retempering of pigmented mortar maychange the color of the mortar.10.4 Placement of Repointing Mortar:10.4.1 Manually insert repointing mortar into open joints.Fill the joints in three

22、 successive layers.10.4.2 Joints with significant voids should have mortarplaced into the void to partially fill the joint and be allowed toset. Subsequently, the joint should be pointed to the specifieddepth with at least two more layers of mortar.10.4.3 Compact each layer by striking with a compac

23、tiontool prior to placement of the next layer of mortar.10.4.4 Apply successive lifts and tool mortar joints whenthe repointing has achieved initial set.10.4.5 Selection of joint profile should be made with con-sideration of the original profile, the amount and visualappearance of the existing morta

24、r to remain, and the perfor-mance of the mortar joint as a function of its profile.NOTE 3Compression of the mortar during tooling makes concave,vee, and grapevine joints more weather-tight than rakes, flush, extruded,weathered, beaded, or struck joints.10.5 Curing and Protection:10.5.1 Cure new poin

25、ting lime-putty and non-lime-puttymortar in accordance with accepted procedures. Curing tech-niques are not covered in this guide.10.5.2 Clean any excess mortar from the face of masonrywith water or the least aggressive effective technique. Thecleaning technique used should not have adverse effects

26、on thesurfaces, substrates, related components, and adjacent surfaces.Cleaning should be performed when the mortar has reachedinitial set, but can still be removed. The timing of the cleaningshould be assessed during the preparation of the test areas.10.6 Protect the work from weather and constructi

27、on activi-ties during and after the work until the mortar has cured.Curing time will vary depending on weather conditions.11. Visual Inspection of the Work11.1 Visual inspection of repointing procedures and materi-als should be required at regular intervals during the executionof the work. Visual in

28、spection of completed areas and com-parison to approved samples and test areas should be madeunder similar lighting and exposure conditions. If cleaning themasonry after repointing is required, such cleaning should beconducted prior to a final visual evaluation of the work. Overallconsistency of col

29、or, joint configuration, and general appear-ance should be evaluated by visual inspection.12. Keywords12.1 historic masonry; mortar; pointing; repointing; tuck-pointingE2260 03 (2012)14ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any i

30、tem mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical co

31、mmittee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a

32、 meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dri

33、ve, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).E2260 03 (2012)15