1、Designation: E2353 06E2353 14Standard Test Methods forPerformance of GlassGlazing in Permanent Glass RailingSystems, Guards, and Balustrades1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2353; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the c
2、ase of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 These test methods cover procedures to be followed in testing the performance of glassgla
3、zing in permanent railing systems,guards and balustrades including components such as rails and swing gates or other forms of required guardrail opening protectioninstalled in and for assembly, commercial, educational, industrial, institutional, stadiums, recreational, and residential buildings-.bui
4、ldings and other structures such as towers or elevated platforms.1.2 These test methods are applicable to such railing, guard, and balustrade systems having glass or other glazing materials asthe major structural component or the infill panel including swing gates and other forms of guardrail protec
5、tion.1.3 These test methods can be used to determine whether permanent rails, guards and balustrades including components, havinga glass component comply with anticipated performance requirements of the applicable specifications, codes, glass or other glazingmaterial comply with requirements of perf
6、ormance specifications, codes, norms, and standards.1.4 Specifically, these test methods cover procedures for determining the static strength, impact performance, and post breakageretention post-breakage characteristics of railing systems, guards, and balustrades with a glass component balustrades,
7、includinga component with glass or other glazing material installed in one, two, three and four side four-side support systems that arefastened to concrete, masonry, wood, and metal as well as metal, and related products.1.5 No consideration is given in these test methods to any possible deteriorati
8、on of the railing, guard, or balustrade system ortheir connections and fasteners as resulting from adverse environmental or in-service conditions. The performance of special testscovering this aspect may be desirable.1.6 These test methods are limited to the application of concentrated and linear lo
9、ads and impact resistance described herein.Whenever uniformly distributed loads are to be resisted by a railing system, guard, or balustrade in accordance with governingspecifications, codes codes, norms, and standards, the effects of such loads on the member stresses shall be determined bycalculati
10、on and the corresponding concentrated and linear loads shall be tested. Should computations make it possible to providethe needed information, testing can be employed for verification.1.7 These test methods address the capability of glass or other glazing material rails, guards, and balustrades in o
11、ne, two, threeand four sided four-sided support systems to continue in their function as a barrier by remaining in the designed framing systemafter impact or glass breakage. This specification does These test methods do not address structural limitation of glass rails, guards,and balustrades or vehi
12、cular guards except when in the area of a pedestrian walkway.1.8 AllThe values are stated in SIinch-pound units and are to be regarded as standard. Values The values given in parenthesesare for information only. Certain values contained in reference documents cited and quoted herein may be stated in
13、 inch-poundunits and must be converted by the user.mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are notconsidered standard.1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user
14、 of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1 These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Performance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.56 onPer
15、formance of Railing Systems and Glass for Floors and Stairs.Current edition approved June 1, 2006May 15, 2014. Published June 2006September 2014. Originally approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 20042006 asE2353 04.E2353 06. DOI: 10.1520/E2353-06.10.1520/E2353-14.This document is not a
16、n ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate.
17、In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E329 Specification for Agen
18、cies Engaged in Construction Inspection, Testing, or Special InspectionE631 Terminology of Building ConstructionsE699 Practice for Evaluation of Agencies Involved in Testing, Quality Assurance, and Evaluating of Building ComponentsE935 Test Methods for Performance of Permanent Metal Railing Systems
19、and Rails for BuildingsE1481 Terminology of Railing Systems and Rails for BuildingsE2025 Test Method for Evaluating Fenestration Components and Assemblies for Resistance to Impact EnergiesE2358 Specification for the Performance of Glass in Permanent Glass Railing Systems, Guards, and Balustrades2.2
20、Other Standards:ANSI Z97.1 Standard Glazing Materials Used in Buildings16 CFR Part 1201 CPSC Safety Standard for Architectural Glazing Materials3ANSI Z97.1 Standard Glazing Materials Used in Buildings43. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsGeneral terms used in this standard test method are defined in Termino
21、logies E631 and E1481. Terms commonto this standard test method and referenced test methods are defined in the respective document unless defined herein.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 failure, loadna load, which, if placed upon a specimen or test piece, causes fracture of t
22、he glass.the loss of loadcarrying capacity or the inability to meet the required load carrying capacity specified in the applicable performance standard,depending on the purpose of the test.3.2.2 glazing retentionretention, vthe property of maintaining the glass or other glazing material, post break
23、age, in a system,such that the glass or other glazing material must be held in the framing system with no opening sufficient to pass a 75 mm (3 in.)3in. (75 mm) solid steel sphere through the system original plane of the glazing system 615 degrees slope using a horizontallyapplied force of 18 N (4.0
24、 lb).4.0 lb (18 N).3.2.3 guard rail systemglazing shard containment, na protective railing system along the outer edges of locations of anaccessiblethe property of maintaining the broken glass or glazing material in essentially one piece with no more than the equivalentweight of 10 in.2 roof, balcon
25、y,(6452 mm2 landing, platform, or ramp, designed to minimize the probability of an accidental fallfrom the walking surface.) of the original specimen detaching from the specimen.3.2.4 guardrail opening protection, nswing gates or other form of barrier to prevent unintended egress or fall throughguar
26、drail openings.3.2.5 interlayerinterlayer, na layer of material acting as an adhesive between lites of glazing, which adds additionalperformance attributes to the finished product; for example: impact resistance, solar control, and acoustical insulation.3.2.6 litelite, na term for a single pane (or
27、piece) of glass or other glazing material.3.2.7 specifying authorityauthority, nthe design professional responsible for interpreting applicable regulations ofauthorities having jurisdiction and considering appropriate site specific factors to determine the appropriate values used to calculatethe spe
28、cified design load and furnishing other information required for performance of specified materials.3.2.8 stilestile, none of the upright structural members of a frame or a framework of bars.4. Significance and Use4.1 These test methods are intended to provide information from which applicable desig
29、n and performance data can be derivedfor the performance of glass and other glazing materials in rails, guards, and balustrade systems as infill panels that are fastenedto concrete, masonry, wood, metal, and related products, and to the performance of glazing as a structural element of the rail, gua
30、rd,or balustrade system.4.2 Specification E329 and Practice E699 are standards that assist the user of these test methods to apply appropriate proceduresand methods to ensure a quality result is provided.4.3 These test methods determine whether railing systems comply with requirements of the applica
31、ble performancespecifications.4.4 These test methods are intended for use in the buying and selling of railing systems and components according toperformance specifications, for use in product development research, for use in quality assurance and manufacturing processcontrol, for use in developing
32、performance standards, and for use in field and laboratory compliance determination.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary pa
33、ge on the ASTM website.3 Available from U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), 4330 East West Hwy., Bethesda, MD 20814, http:/www.cpsc.gov.4 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.E2353 1425. Types5.1 Fo
34、r purposes of these test methods, glass rails, guards,rail, guard, and balustrade assemblies are classified as types and aredescribed in 4.1.15.1.1 through 4.1.55.1.5 and as shown in Figs. 1-810.5.1.1 Type IA glass rail, guard, or balustrade assembly with a single full view glazing material that is
35、fully captured on allsides (that is, four side support).5.1.2 Type IIA glass rail, guard, or balustrade assembly with a single full view or multiple units of glazing material that arecaptured on two sides (that is, two side support).5.1.3 Type IIIAglass rail, guard, or balustrade assembly with a sin
36、gle full view glazing material that is held in place by a pointfixed glazing system, corner brackets brackets, edge clamping or other non-continuous brace along a portion of the glazing.5.1.4 Type IVAglass rail, guard, or balustrade assembly with a single full view glazing material that is fully cap
37、tured on threesides (that is, three side support).5.1.5 Type VA glass rail, guard, or balustrade assembly with a single full view glazing material that is fully captured on onlyone side (that is, single side support). A decorative or protective top rail (Fig. 78), or a handrail may or may not be att
38、ached tothe glass (Fig. 89), but does not offer structural support to the system.5.1.6 Type VIA glass rail, guard, or balustrade assembly with a single full view glazing material that is point supported only(Fig. 10). A decorative or protective top rail may or may not be attached to the glass, but d
39、oes not offer structural support to thesystem.6. Summary of Test Method6.1 The procedure consists of preparing a specimen in accordance with the manufacturers or designers specifications. Thesupporting and embedding materials shall be in accordance with intended use. The system or infill material is
40、 tested by applyingloads and impacting the glazed portion of the assembly in the prescribed sequence, as outlined in Table 1. Asymmetrical systemsshall be tested from both sides.6.2 Acceptance criteria for performance levels shall be provided by the specifying authority. Adoption of performance crit
41、eriashall be a matter for authorities having specific jurisdiction.6. Significance and Use6.1 These test methods are intended to provide information from which applicable design data can be derived for theperformance of glass in rails, guards and balustrade systems as infill panels that are fastened
42、 to concrete, masonry, wood and metalas well as related products, and to the performance of glass as the structural element of the rail, guard, or balustrade system.6.2 Specification E329 abd Practice E699 are standards that assist the user of these test methods to apply appropriate proceduresand me
43、thods to ensure a quality result is provided.7. Apparatus7.1 Instrumentation, load and time-measuring devices with an accuracy of 62 % orof the full scale shall be incorporated in thetest setups. The scale ranges used shall assure that the performance levels are within an accuracy of 65 %.7.2 Load A
44、ttachments, brackets, fasteners, or other devices used in performing these tests shall be designed and attached so asto minimize their influence on the test results.7.3 Shot Bag, Traction and Release System:7.3.1 The test apparatus shall be capable of supporting a 45.4 kg (100 lb)100 lb (45.4 kg) sh
45、ot bag and allowing unimpededswinging of the shot bag from a drop height of 1220 mm (48 in.).48 in. (1220 mm). The impactor system consists of the impactor,traction, release, and suspension devices as described in CPSC 16 CFR Part 1201.FIG. 1 Type I: Four-side SupportInfillFour-Side SupportGlazing a
46、s InfillE2353 1437.3.2 The impactor shall consist of the leather bag described in Fig. 911, a commercial punching bag5 with its bladder left inplace, or any other leather bag of nominally identical shape and size. The bag shall be filled with lead shot of 2.4 6 0.1 mmdiameter (nominal USANo. 71/2 or
47、 European No. 7 lead shot) and taped.After filling with lead shot, the top shall be either pulledover the metal sleeve and tied with a cord; or twisted around the threaded eyebolt shaft and tied below the metal sleeve, or both.To reduce bag damage during testing, the exterior of the leather bag surf
48、ace shall be completely covered with glass filament5 Such as 230 mm (9 in.) diameter by 360 mm (14 in.)9 in. (230 mm) diameter by 14 in. (360 mm) high Everlast 4207 (raw, full grain 85-g (3-oz)3-oz (85-g) cowhide)or Everlast 4212 (split 85-g (3-oz)3-oz (85-g) cowhide) available from Everlast Sports,
49、 Bronx, New York, USA. These are tradenames. This information is given for theconvenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement of any product named. Equivalent products may be used if they can be shown to lead to the same results. Ifyou are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meetingof the responsible technical committee,1 which you may attend.FIG. 2 Type II: Two-sideTwo-Side SupportSingle Lite Glazing as InfillFIG. 3 Type
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