1、Designation: E2353 14E2353 16Standard Test Methods forPerformance of Glazing in Permanent Railing Systems,Guards, and Balustrades1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2353; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revi
2、sion, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 These test methods cover procedures to be followed in testing the performance of glazing in permanen
3、t railing systems,guards and balustrades including components such as rails and swing gates or other forms of required guardrail opening protectioninstalled in and for assembly, commercial, educational, industrial, institutional, stadiums, recreational, and residential buildings andother structures
4、such as towers or elevated platforms.1.2 These test methods are applicable to such railing, guard, and balustrade systems having glass or other glazing materials asthe major structural component or the infill panel including swing gates and other forms of guardrail protection.1.3 These test methods
5、can be used to determine whether permanent rails, guards and balustrades including components, havingglass or other glazing material comply with requirements of performance specifications, codes, norms, and standards.1.4 Specifically, these test methods cover procedures for determining the static st
6、rength, impact performance, and post-breakagecharacteristics of railing systems, guards, and balustrades, including a component with glass or other glazing material installed inone, two, three and four-side support systems fastened to concrete, masonry, wood, metal, and related products.1.5 No consi
7、deration is given in these test methods to any possible deterioration of the railing, guard, or balustrade system ortheir connections and fasteners as resulting from adverse environmental or in-service conditions. The performance of special testscovering this aspect may be desirable.1.6 These test m
8、ethods are limited to the application of loads and impact resistance described herein. Whenever uniformlydistributed loads are to be resisted by a railing system, guard, or balustrade in accordance with governing specifications, codes,norms, and standards, the effects of such loads on the member str
9、esses shall be determined by calculation and the correspondingconcentrated and linear loads shall be tested. Should computations make it possible to provide the needed information, testing canbe employed for verification.1.7 These test methods address the capability of glass or other glazing materia
10、l supported by rails, guards, and balustrades orbalustrades, or both, in one, two, three, and four-sided support systems to continue in their function as a barrier by remaining inthe designed framing system after impact or glassglazing breakage. These test methods do not address structural limitatio
11、n ofglazed or glass rails, guards, and balustrades or vehicular guards except when in the area of a pedestrian walkway.1.8 TheAll values are stated in inch-poundSI units and are to be regarded as standard. The values Values given in parenthesesare mathematical conversions to SI units that are provid
12、ed for information only and are not considered standard.for informationonly. Certain values contained in reference documents cited and quoted herein may be stated in inch-pound units and must beconverted by the user.1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, as
13、sociated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E329 Specification for Agencies Engaged in Construction In
14、spection, Testing, or Special Inspection1 These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Performance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.56 onPerformance of Railing Systems and Glass for Floors and Stairs.Current edition approved May 15, 2014Feb.
15、 15, 2016. Published September 2014March 2016. Originally approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 20062014as E2353 06.E2353 14. DOI: 10.1520/E2353-14.10.1520/E2353-16.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.
16、For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may
17、 not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbo
18、r Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1E631 Terminology of Building ConstructionsE699 Practice for Evaluation of Agencies Involved in Testing, Quality Assurance, and Evaluating of Building ComponentsE935 Test Methods for Performance of Permanent Metal Railing Systems a
19、nd Rails for BuildingsE1481 Terminology of Railing Systems and Rails for BuildingsE2025 Test Method for Evaluating Fenestration Components and Assemblies for Resistance to Impact Energies (Withdrawn2015)3E2358 Specification for the Performance of Glass in Permanent Glass Railing Systems, Guards, and
20、 Balustrades2.2 Other Standards:16 CFR Part 1201 CPSC Safety Standard for Architectural Glazing Materials4ANSI Z97.1 Standard Glazing Materials Used in Buildings53. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsGeneral terms used in this test method are defined in Terminologies E631 and E1481. Terms common to thistest
21、method and referenced test methods are defined in the respective document unless defined herein.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 failure, nthe loss of load carrying capacity or the inability to meet the required load carrying capacity specified in theapplicable performance st
22、andard, depending on the purpose of the test.3.2.2 glazing retention, vthe property of maintaining the glass or other glazing material, post breakage, in a system, such thatthe glass or other glazing material must be held in the framing system with no opening sufficient to pass a 3 in. (75 mm) 76 mm
23、3 in.) solid steel sphere through the original plane of the glazing system within a 615 degreesdegree slope using a horizontallyapplied force of 4.0 lb (18 N).18 N (4.0 lb).3.2.3 glazing shard containment, nthe property of maintaining the broken glass or glazing material in essentially one piecewit
24、h no more than the equivalent weight of 10 in.6452 mm2 (6452 mm(10 in.2) of the original specimen detaching from thespecimen.3.2.4 guardrail opening protection, nswing gates or other form of barrier to prevent unintended egress or fall throughguardrail openings.3.2.5 interlayer, na layer of material
25、 acting as an adhesive between lites of plies of a lite of laminated glazing, which addsadditional performance attributes to the finished product; for example: impact resistance, solar control, and acoustical insulation.3.2.6 lite, na term for a single pane (or piece) of glass or other glazing mater
26、ial.3.2.7 specifying authority, nthe design professional responsible for interpreting applicable regulations of authorities havingjurisdiction and considering appropriate site specific factors to determine the appropriate values used to calculate the specifieddesign load and furnishing other informa
27、tion required for performance of specified materials.3.2.8 stile, none of the upright structural members of a frame or a framework of bars.4. Significance and Use4.1 These test methods are intended to provide information from which applicable design and performance data can be derivedfor the perform
28、ance of glass and other glazing materials in rails, guards, and balustrade systems as infill panels that are fastenedto concrete, masonry, wood, metal, and related products, and to the performance of glazing as a structural element of the rail, guard,or balustrade system.4.2 Specification E329 and P
29、ractice E699 are standards that assist the user of these test methods to apply appropriate proceduresand methods to ensure a quality result is provided.4.3 These test methods determine whether railing systems comply with requirements of the applicable performancespecifications.4.4 These test methods
30、 are intended for use in the buying and selling of railing systems and components according toperformance specifications, for use in product development research, for use in quality assurance and manufacturing processcontrol, for use in developing performance standards, and for use in field and labo
31、ratory compliance determination.5. Types5.1 For purposes of these test methods, glass rail, guard, and balustrade assemblies that incorporate glazing are classified astypes and are described in 5.1.1 through 5.1.5 and as shown in Figs. 1-106. Each supported edge is indicated by a dashed line (-).3 T
32、he last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.4 Available from U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), 4330 East West Hwy., Bethesda, MD 20814, http:/www.cpsc.gov.5 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, Ne
33、w York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.E2353 1625.1.1 Type IA glassglazed rail, guard, or balustrade assembly with a single full view glazing material that is fully capturedon all sides (that is, four side support).5.1.2 Type IIAglassglazed rail, guard, or balustrade assembly with a single full view o
34、r multiple units of glazing material thatare captured on two sides (that is, two side support).5.1.3 Type IIIA glassglazed rail, guard, or balustrade assembly with a single full view glazing material that is held in placeby a point fixed glazing system, corner brackets, edge clamping or other non-co
35、ntinuous brace along a portion of the glazing.5.1.4 Type IVA glassglazed rail, guard, or balustrade assembly with a single full view glazing material that is fully capturedon three sides (that is, three side support).FIG. 1 Type I: Four-Side SupportGlazing as InfillFIG. 2 a Type II: Two-Side Support
36、Single Lite Glazing as InfillFIG. 152 Graphical Depiction of Glazing Classificationb Type II: Two-Side SupportSingle Lite Glazing as Infill (continued)FIG. 32 c Type II: Two-Side SupportMultiple Lite Glazing as Infill (continued)FIG. 43 a Type III: Point Fixed Glazing SystemGlazing as InfillE2353 16
37、35.1.5 Type VA glassglazed rail, guard, or balustrade assembly with a single full view glazing material that is fully capturedon only one side (that is, single side support). A decorative or protective top rail (Fig. 85),b), or a handrail may or may not beattached to the glass (Fig. 95),c), but does
38、 not offer structural support to the system.5.1.6 Type VIA glass rail, guard, or balustrade assembly with a single full view glazing material that is point supported only(Fig. 106). A decorative or protective top rail may or may not be attached to the glass, but does not offer structural support to
39、thesystem.FIG. 53 b Type III: Edge Clamping Glazing SystemGlazing asInfill Infill(continued)FIG. 64 Type IV: Three-Side SupportGlazing asStructural MemberFIG. 75 a Type V: One-Side SupportGlazing asStructural MemberFIG. 85 b Type V: One-Side Support with Protective TopRailGlazing as Structural Membe
40、r (continued)FIG. 95 c Type V: One-Side Support with Surface Attached / Bolted HandrailGlazing as Structural Member (continued)E2353 1646. Summary of Test Method6.1 The procedure consists of preparing a specimen in accordance with the manufacturers or designers specifications. Thesupporting and embe
41、dding materials shall be in accordance with intended use. The system or infill material is tested by applyingloads and impacting the glazed portion of the assembly in the prescribed sequence, as outlined in Table 1. Asymmetrical systemsshall be tested from both sides.6.2 Acceptance criteria for perf
42、ormance levels are to be provided by the specifying authority. Adoption of performance criteriashall be a matter for authorities having specific jurisdiction.7. Apparatus7.1 Instrumentation, load and time-measuring devices with an accuracy of 62 % of the full scale shall be incorporated in thetest s
43、etups. The scale ranges used shall assure that the performance levels are within an accuracy of 65 %.7.2 Load Attachments, brackets, fasteners, or other devices used in performing these tests shall be designed and attached so asto minimize their influence on the test results.7.3 Shot Bag, Traction a
44、nd Release System:7.3.1 The test apparatus shall be capable of supporting a 100 lb (45.4 kg) 45.4 kg (100 lb) shot bag and allowing unimpededswinging of the shot bag from a drop height of 48 in. (1220 mm).1220 mm (48 in.). The impactor system consists of the impactor,traction, release, and suspensio
45、n devices as described in CPSC 16 CFR Part 1201.7.3.2 The impactor shall consist of the leather bag described in Fig. 117, a commercial punching bag6 with its bladder left inplace, or any other leather bag of nominally identical shape and size. The bag shall be filled with lead shot of 2.4 6 0.1 mmd
46、iameter (nominal USANo. 71/2 or European No. 7 lead shot) and taped.After filling with lead shot, the top shall be either pulledover the metal sleeve and tied with a cord; or twisted around the threaded eyebolt shaft and tied below the metal sleeve, or both.To reduce bag damage during testing, the e
47、xterior of the leather bag surface shall be completely covered with glass filamentreinforced pressure sensitive polyester adhesive tape,7 0.5 to 0.6 in. (12 to 15 mm)12 to 15 mm (0.5 to 0.6 in.) in width and 0.006in. (0.15 mm) 0.15 mm (0.006 in.) thick. Tape the entire bag, using three (3) rolls or
48、180 yd (165 m)165 m (180 yd) total length,6 Such as 9 in. (230 mm) diameter by 14 in. (360 mm)230 mm (9 in.) diameter by 360 mm (14 in.) high Everlast 4207 (raw, full grain 3-oz (85-g)85-g (3-oz) cowhide)or Everlast 4212 (split 3-oz (85-g)85-g (3-oz) cowhide) available from Everlast Sports, Bronx, N
49、ew York, USA. These are tradenames. This information is given for theconvenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement of any product named. Equivalent products may be used if they can be shown to lead to the same results. Ifyou are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meetingof the responsible technical committee,1 which you may attend.7 Such as 3M No. 898 (a tradename), or equal. If you are aware of alternative supplier
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