1、Designation: E2359 06E2359/E2359M 13Standard Test Method forField Pull Testing of an In-Place Exterior Insulation andFinish System Clad Wall Assembly1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2359;E2359/E2359M; the number immediately following the designation indicatesthe year of original
2、 adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers a procedure to determine the resistance of
3、a section of the exterior insulation and finish system(EIFS) to outward loads imposed on an existing exterior wall assembly that has been in place on the building for an unspecifiedperiod of time. It is destructive in nature within the localized areas tested and requires appropriate repair of the EI
4、FS cladding andsheathing once the test procedure has been completed. This test procedure utilizes mechanical methods to obtain information,which may be helpful in evaluating the natural application of negative wind loads on the EIFS assembly. Some variability of resultsshould be anticipated within t
5、he wall assembly tested due to differences in installation procedures, exposure, or abuse subsequentto application.1.2 This test method is suitable for use on cladding assemblies that have been in place a short time (new construction), as wellas for longer periods in order to evaluate detrimental ef
6、fects on the EIFS lamina, insulation attachment, substrate integrity, andattachments after exposure to weather and other environmental conditions. It is not intended to evaluate the performance ofstructural framing. Test results on any particular building may be highly variable depending on specimen
7、 location and condition,and are subject to interpretation by the test specifier.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as the standard. The values given inparentheses are for information only. stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; the
8、refore, each system shall be usedindependently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, or equipment. This standard does not purport to address all ofthe safety problemsconcerns
9、associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriatesafety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1Due to variations in exposure and construction assemblies, field specimens selected for t
10、esting utilizing this test method may experiencesudden failure and release of the imposed loads. See Note 7 for further information.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D3665 Practice for Random Sampling of Construction MaterialsE631 Terminology of Building ConstructionsE2110 Terminology for E
11、xterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS)E2128 Guide for Evaluating Water Leakage of Building Walls2.2 American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE):3SEI/ASCE 7-05, Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures3. Terminology3.1 Definitions used in this standard shall beFor general terminol
12、ogy regarding EIFS and building in general, see TerminologyE2110 in accordance with(for EIFS terms) E631 andand Terminology E2110E631. (for buildings in general).3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Performance of Bu
13、ildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.58 on ExteriorInsulation and Finish Systems (EIFS).Current edition approved April 1, 2006Sept. 1, 2013. Published April 2006September 2013. Originally approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as E2359 06. DOI: 10.1520/E2359
14、-06.10.1520/E2359_E2359M-13.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from American Society
15、 of Civil Engineers (ASCE), 1801 Alexander Bell Dr., Reston, VA 20191.20191, http:/www.asce.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically po
16、ssible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700,
17、West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.2.1 face delamination, nfailure mode by which the face of the sheathing loses bond or delaminates from the sheathing core,either partially or fully.3.2.2 fastener pull-out from stud, nfailure mode by which fastener releases from the substrate.3.2.3 f
18、astener pull-through, nfailure mode by which the head of the fastener pulls through the sheathing, insulation, orsubstrate substrate.3.2.4 lamina release, nfailure mode by which the EIFS base coat and finish coat release their bond to the underlying thermalinsulation board layer.3.2.5 thermal insula
19、tion board failure, ncohesive failure within the thermal insulation board.4. Significance and Use4.1 The purpose of this test method is to assess the installation adequacy and the overall effects of service-related deterioration(moisture, etc.) on the EIFS wall assembly as opposed to small localized
20、 areas of degradation. Resistance to pull testing asdetermined by this test is used as one of the factors in evaluating the EIFS assembly on a specific project. The values obtainedby this test method are not purported to be representative of the actual wind load capacity or other structural properti
21、es of a specificEIFS clad wall installation, but may be helpful in assessing such load capacities.4.2 Since this test is used for field evaluation of existing facilities, load results obtained from this test must be interpreted basedon sound engineering practice, applicable building regulations, and
22、 codes having jurisdiction. It is the discretion of the test specifierto directly utilize the results derived by this test method, or else to utilize the test results with an appropriate factor of safety toobtain acceptable working loads for each project.4.3 This method is intended for use on test s
23、pecimens occurring or installed on existing buildings. The loss of outward windload resistance of an EIFS wall assembly after exposure to moisture and other weather conditions may compromise the ability ofthe cladding or other wall components to perform adequately in place. This test method does not
24、 provide any means by which thetest results may be generalized to the larger wall area. Such efforts should be based on experience and engineering judgement.4.4 The manner in which the test load is applied may affect the load capacity obtained from using this standard. test method.A discussion of va
25、rious load application techniques and their effects is given in Appendix X1.5. Apparatus5.1 Electronic rebar locator or metal detector sensitive enough to locate metal studs or fasteners of the underlying structuralframing through the EIFS assembly.5.2 Pull test frame fabricated from metal or wood,
26、as required, with capability of applying a concentric pull force to the testmodule and distributing reaction force on adjacent wall components. Pull test frame shall be provided, as a minimum, with aworm-gear winch and a nylon strap or wire rope capable of applying load to test module in controlled
27、manner with incrementallyincreasing load intensities. Alternative means of applying a consistent load using electro-servo motors or hydraulic units are alsoacceptable, provided they are capable of applying consistent, uniform load. It is intended that the pull test frame be easilytransportable and r
28、elocated so that it can be readily used on saw-horses, scaffolding, or a swing-stage.An example of an acceptabletest frame is shown in Fig. 1.5.3 Electronic load cell with digital force gage having a capacity of at least 4450 N, (1000 lbf.),N 1000 lbf., and an accuracyof 62 %.5.4 610 mm by 610 mm (2
29、424 in. by 24 in.)in. wooden pull test modules comprised of 19 mm (34 in.)in. thick plywoodbonding panels (one for each specimen intended for testing), and one 19 mm (34 in.)in. thick plywood bolting panel, which ismoved from specimen-to-specimen. As each specimen is prepared for testing the bonding
30、 panels and bolting panels shall befastened together using twelve (12) 5.5 mm (#12(#12) or 0.215 in.)0.215 in.) diameter by 38 mm (1-112 in.)in. long woodscrews or lag bolts installed in a prescribed pattern. See Figs. 2-5.Adhere one 19 mm (34 in.)in. thick bonding panel to the surfaceof the EIFS in
31、 place at each specimen location. For testing purposes, temporarily fasten the bolting panel at each adhered bondingplate in succession with appropriate hardware, immediately prior to testing.NOTE 2Screw hole locations for both the bonding panels and the bolting panel must align for proper attachmen
32、t; use bolting panel as a drillingtemplate to achieve consistent screw locations and alignment on all bonding panels.5.5 Miscellaneous bolts and connection hardware.6. Test Specimen6.1 Sampling locations and number of specimens shall be specified by the user. Primarily, this test method is intended
33、toimplement qualitative evaluation techniques that lead to an accumulation of information in an orderly and efficient manner inaccordance with procedures prescribed within Guide E2128. If a hybrid method using a combination of qualitative and quantitativeevaluation techniques is desired by the test
34、specifier, then a random number generator method may be utilized to establish locationsE2359/E2359M 132FIG. 1 Pull Test FrameE2359/E2359M 133of test specimens required to represent the entire building population. Include additional test specimens at locations of suspectedor potential problems, such
35、as below window corners, at wall base, and so forth.NOTE 3For the hybrid method using a combination of qualitative and quantitative evaluation techniques, a selection method based on Practice D3665may be utilized for this purpose.6.2 Locate metal studs within wall system (or else fastener heads at w
36、ood-framed system) using rebar locator or metal detector,and determine elevation or height of the specimen.6.3 For stud spacing less than 610 mm (24 in. on24 in. (on center), mark 610 mm by 610 mm (24 in 24 in.)24 in. by 24in. outline on the surface of EIFS that is centered over two adjacent studs.
37、For stud spacing 610 mm (24 in.)24 in. and greater,mark an outline on the EIFS surface that is 610 mm (24 in.)24 in. high and with a width equal to the stud spacing plus 75 mm(3 in.),3 in., which is centered over two adjacent studs. If foam fasteners are present or suspected within the EIFS clad wal
38、lassembly, locate the heads of foam fasteners using a rebar locator, then arrange bonding panel in manner that evenly distributesthe load across the test specimen and mark the outline on the EIFS surface. At each outline marked on the wall, carefully cutthrough the EIFS lamina, thermal insulation bo
39、ard, and sheathing substrate, being careful to avoid excessive vibration duringFIG. 2 Bonding panelFIG. 3 Bolting PanelE2359/E2359M 134specimen preparation that may adversely affect test results. Efforts should also be made to avoid cutting or damaging the wall studs.FIG. 4 Plywood AssemblyFIG. 5 De
40、tail of Bonding and Bolting Panel with Bolt in Center HoleE2359/E2359M 135NOTE 4For EIFS cladding applied directly to a masonry substrate, saw blade depth should be set to extend 3 mm (18 in.)in. to 6 mm (14 in.)in.into the masonry.6.4 Adhere one 19 mm (34 in.)in. thick, 610 mm (24 in.)24 in. square
41、 plywood bonding panel to the previously cut EIFSsurface (centered) at designated test location using polyester adhesive, adhesive expanding foam, or quick-reaction epoxy cement;temporarily support test module in place on the wall as required. Allow an adequate time for curing of the adhesive consid
42、eringeffect of temperature on cure time of adhesive.NOTE 5Suggested adhesives are (1) Sintolit Transparent Solid polyester, two-component, knife grade, adhesive, (2) Samco Great Stuff adhesive, and(3) Flexible Products Insta-Stik Adhesive.Alternative adhesives may be used that are not detrimental to
43、 the lamina or underlying foam insulation system.7. Procedure7.1 Obtain information regarding the cladding assembly design wind pressure (DWP) utilized during original construction ofthe building, or else otherwise determine an appropriate cladding DWP for comparative purposes using local building c
44、odes orSEI/ASCE 7-05 analytical procedures. Establish initial load at approximately ten percent (10 %) of cladding design wind pressure.7.2 Align the bolting panel, with appropriate pull hardware inserted through center hole, onto the previously adhered bondingpanel and securely fasten bolting panel
45、 to bonding panel with prescribed screws or lag bolts.NOTE 6If required, replace previously used screws with fresh ones as Phillips head slots become worn or damaged.7.3 Place bearing plates of pull test frame on wall and center over previously adhered bonding panel with bolting panel attached.Faste
46、n wire rope attachment hardware to the test module hardware, with load cell mounted in-line with pull force mechanism ina manner that will measure force loads. See Fig. 6.NOTE 7Use saw-horse, scaffolding deck, or swing-stage rails to temporarily support pull test frame until sufficient load is achie
47、ved to make test frameself-supporting. Be prepared to re-establish temporary support at end of test, or in case of sudden failure of test specimen.7.4 Apply previously determined initial load to test module as required to hold pull test frame in place and hold for one minute.Record load from force g
48、age at beginning of load step and at end of load step, prior to going to next load.FIG. 6 Test Arrangement IsometricE2359/E2359M 1367.5 Continue test by applying increasingly higher stepped loadings corresponding to approximately 10 % of the final designwind pressure until the wall assembly fails. S
49、tepped loading increments shall be held for one minute, and loads from force gagerecorded at beginning of load step and at end of load step immediately prior to going to next load. Often the specimen may failtransitioning from one sustained load to the next higher step loading increment.NOTE 8Once the next load increment is applied, it is common for the load to begin to slowly decrease, due to deformation of thermal insulation boardand elongation of test hardware.NOTE 9For EIFS cladding applied directly to a masonry s
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