1、Designation: E2404 12E2404 13 An American National StandardStandard Practice forSpecimen Preparation and Mounting of Wall or CeilingCoverings to Assess Surface Burning Characteristics1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2404; the number immediately following the designation indicate
2、s the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice describes procedures for specime
3、n preparation and mounting when testing textile, paper or polymeric(including vinyl and expanded vinyl) wall or ceiling covering materials to assess flame spread and smoke development as surfaceburning characteristics using Test Method E84.1.2 This practice applies also to facings or wood veneers in
4、tended to be applied on site over a wood substrate (see 8.7). Thispractice does not apply to laminated products factory-produced with a wood substrate, which are covered by Practice E2579.1.3 Testing is conducted with Test Method E84.1.4 This practice does not provide pass/fail criteria that can be
5、used as a regulatory tool.1.5 Use the values stated in inch-pound units as the standard, in referee decisions. The values in the SI system of units are givenin parentheses, for information only; see IEEE/ASTM SI-10 for further details.1.6 This fire standard cannot be used to provide quantitative mea
6、sures.1.7 Fire testing of products and materials is inherently hazardous, and adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall beemployed in conducting these tests. Fire testing involves hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard givesinstructions on specimen preparation and m
7、ounting, but the fire-test-response method is given inTest Method E84. See also Section10.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practic
8、es and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1.9 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes shallnot be considered requirements of the standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C1186 Spe
9、cification for Flat Fiber-Cement SheetsC1396/C1396M Specification for Gypsum BoardE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building MaterialsE136 Test Method for Behavior of Materials in a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750CE176 Terminology of Fire StandardsE2573 Practice for Specimen Prepar
10、ation and Mounting of Site-Fabricated Stretch Systems to Assess Surface BurningCharacteristicsE2579 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Wood Products to Assess Surface Burning CharacteristicsIEEE/ASTM SI-10 International System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System2.2 CSA Standard:3C
11、SA O121 Douglas Fir Plywood1 This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E05 on Fire Standards and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E05.22 on Surface Burning.Current edition approved July 1, 2012April 1, 2013. Published August 2012April 2013. Originally approved in 2005. La
12、st previous edition approved in 20102012 asE2404-10.-12. DOI: 10.1520/E2404-12.10.1520/E2404-13.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Documen
13、t Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from Canadian Standards Association (CSA), 178 Rexdale Blvd., Toronto, ON Canada M9W 1R3.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous vers
14、ion. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM Internation
15、al, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12.3 NIST Standard:4Voluntary Product Standard PS 1-07 Structural Plywood3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this practice refer to the terminology contained in Terminology E176.3.2 Defin
16、itions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 expanded vinyl wall or ceiling covering, na wall or ceiling covering consisting of a woven textile backing, an expandedvinyl base coat layer (which is a homogeneous vinyl layer that contains a blowing agent), and a nonexpanded vinyl skin coat.3.2.2 pap
17、er wall or ceiling covering, na wall or ceiling covering with a top layer consisting of paper or an alternativecellulosic-based material, but not consisting of a wood product.3.2.3 polymeric wall or ceiling covering, na wall or ceiling covering with a top layer consisting of polymeric-based material
18、.3.2.4 self-supporting specimen, na specimen that remains in place by its own structural characteristics both before and duringthe fire test.3.2.5 site-fabricated stretch system, na system, fabricated on site and intended for acoustical, tackable or aesthetic purposes,that is comprised of three elem
19、ents: (a) a frame (constructed of plastic, wood, metal, or other material) used to hold fabric in place,(b) a core material (infill, with the correct properties for the application), and (c) an outside layer, comprised of a textile, fabricor vinyl, that is stretched taut and held in place by tension
20、 or mechanical fasteners via the frame.3.2.6 textile, noriginally a woven fabric, now generally applied to (1) staple fibers and filaments suitable for conversion toor use as yarns or for the preparation of nonwoven fabrics, (2) yarns made from natural or manufactured fibers, and (3) fabricsmade fro
21、m fibers as defined in (1) and (2) and from yarns.3.2.7 vinyl wall or ceiling covering, na wall or ceiling covering produced by applying a poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC, vinyl)based coating, or laminating a preformed vinyl film, onto a woven or nonwoven fabric substrate or paper.3.2.8 wall or ceiling co
22、vering, na textile-, paper- or polymeric (including vinyl) based product designed to be attached to awall or ceiling surface for decorative or acoustical purposes.3.2.8.1 DiscussionWall or ceiling coverings with ink or topcoat layers added as part of the manufacturing process are included in this de
23、finition.3.2.9 wall or ceiling covering system, nan assembly of a textile wall or ceiling covering, a paper wall or ceiling covering ora polymeric (including vinyl) wall or ceiling covering, adhesive (if used), and substrate (if it is part of the assembly) used as a wallor ceiling treatment for deco
24、rative or acoustical purposes.3.2.9.1 DiscussionThe wall or ceiling covering material is usually intended to be directly attached to a substrate, via adhesives or mechanicalfasteners. In some cases the wall or ceiling covering system will be supported by a frame system some distance away from thewal
25、l or ceiling covering material.4. Summary of Practice4.1 This practice describes procedures for specimen preparation and mounting when testing textile, paper or polymeric(including vinyl and expanded vinyl) wall or ceiling coverings to assess flame spread and smoke development as surface burningchar
26、acteristics using Test Method E84.5. Significance and Use5.1 Textile, paper and polymeric (including vinyl and expanded vinyl) wall or ceiling coverings and wall or ceiling coveringsystems used as interior finish are often evaluated with Test Method E84 to comply with building or life safety code re
27、quirements.This practice describes specimen preparation and mounting procedures for such materials and systems.5.2 This practice is not applicable to the following materials:5.2.1 Wall or ceiling coverings with exposed wood surfaces, and5.2.2 Any wall or ceiling covering system where the top layer i
28、s not a textile material, a paper-based material, a polymericmaterial or a vinyl material.4 Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100 Bureau Dr., Gaithersburg, MD 20899-3460.E2404 1326. Conditioning6.1 The test specimens shall be conditioned as described in the sectio
29、n on specimen conditioning in Test Method E84.7. Test Specimens7.1 The test specimen sizes shall comply with those described in the test specimen section of Test Method E84. The testspecimens shall be butted against the vent end of the fire test chamber and shall consist of a continuous, unbroken le
30、ngth, or ofsections joined end-to-end. The test specimens shall have a width of 20 to 24 in. (510 to 610 mm), a length of 24 ft + 12 in. 6 in. (7.32 m + 305 mm 152 mm) and a maximum thickness of 4 in. (101 mm).7.2 The wall covering system test specimens shall be prepared as described in Section 8.8.
31、 Test Specimen Preparation8.1 Whenever a wall or ceiling covering system uses an adhesive to attach a wall or ceiling covering material, the adhesivespecified by the manufacturer shall be used for construction of the test specimen in accordance with the wall or ceiling coveringmanufacturer applicati
32、on instructions.8.1.1 If the wall or ceiling covering system is a factory-produced wall panel, the adhesive shall be the same one used in themanufacture of the factory-produced wall or ceiling panel.8.2 Wall or Ceiling Coverings Intended to be Applied Directly to a Noncombustible Wall or Ceiling Sur
33、faceIf the wall orceiling coverings are intended to be applied directly to a noncombustible wall or ceiling surface, the specimens shall consist ofthe wall or ceiling covering mounted on a 14 in. (6.3 mm) thick fiber-cement board, complying with Specification C1186 (GradeII) and passing Test Method
34、E136, as described in the Annex on Cement Board Requirements of Test Method E84. Mount thespecimens on the ledges of the Test Method E84 furnace without using additional means of support.8.3 Wall or Ceiling Coverings Intended to be Applied over Gypsum BoardIf the wall or ceiling coverings are intend
35、ed to beapplied over gypsum board, the specimens shall consist of the wall or ceiling covering mounted on a 58 in. (15.9 mm) thick TypeX gypsum board, complying with Specification C1396/C1396M. The gypsum board shall not be required to be mounted on studs.Mount the specimens on the ledges of the Tes
36、t Method E84 furnace without using additional means of support.8.3.1 Whenever a wall or ceiling covering has been tested using the test specimen described in 8.3 (over gypsum board), it shallnot be required to be additionally tested mounted on a fiber-cement board.8.4 Wall or Ceiling Coverings Inten
37、ded to be Applied over a Wood SubstrateIf the wall or ceiling coverings are intended tobe applied over a wood substrate, the specimens shall consist of the wall or ceiling covering mounted on untreated plywood, witha face veneer of Douglas fir. The plywood shall have the same thickness as the wood s
38、ubstrate used in field practice, and shallcomply with NISTVoluntary Product Standard PS 1-07, Structural Plywood. The plywood shall carry a grade stamp indicating thatthe plywood has been graded PS 1-07 A-B and is for exterior exposure. The plywood shall contain a grade stamp issued by aquality cont
39、rol agency.Alternatively, the plywood shall be permitted to be stamped as conforming to CSAStandard O121 (Douglasfir plywood). Mount the specimens on the ledges of the Test Method E84 furnace without using an additional means of support.8.5 Wall or Ceiling Coverings Intended to be Applied over Subst
40、rates other than Wood, Gypsum Board or NoncombustibleSurfacesIf the wall or ceiling coverings are intended to be applied over substrates other than wood, gypsum board ornoncombustible surfaces, the specimens shall consist of the wall or ceiling covering mounted on the substrate to be used in fieldpr
41、actice. Mount the specimens on the ledges of the Test Method E84 furnace without using an additional means of support.8.6 Wall or Ceiling Coverings Not Intended to be Adhered Directly to a Wall or Ceiling Surface, but Intended to be OtherwiseSupported by Framing or a Track SystemThe specimens shall
42、be prepared in accordance with the requirements of PracticeE2573, in the same way that specimens of site-fabricated stretch systems are prepared.8.7 Facings or Wood Veneers Intended to be Applied On-site Over a Wood Substrate:8.7.1 If the facing or wood veneer is intended to be applied on-site over
43、a wood substrate, the specimens shall comply with8.7.1.1 as well as with 8.1.8.7.1.1 The specimens shall consist of the facing or wood veneer mounted on the “A” face of nominal 1532 in. untreated plywoodwith a face veneer of Douglas fir. The plywood shall comply with NIST Voluntary Product Standard
44、PS 1-07. The plywood shallcarry the grade stamp of either APA-The Engineered Wood Association5 or TECO6, indicating that the plywood has been gradedPS 1-07A-C and is for exterior exposure.Alternatively, the plywood shall be permitted to be stamped as conforming to CSAO121(Standard for Douglas fir pl
45、ywood). Mount the specimens on the ledges of the Test Method E84 furnace without using additionalmeans of support.8.8 Laminated Products Factory-produced with a Wood SubstrateIf the laminated product is factory-produced the specimensshall comply with the requirements of Practice E2579.5 Information
46、available from APA The Engineered Wood Association, 7011 South 19th, Tacoma, WA, 98466.6 Information available from TECO, 5650 Terra Court, Sun Prairie, WI, 53590.E2404 1339. Testing of Specimens9.1 All testing shall be conducted using the methodology described in Test Method E84.10. Operator Safety
47、10.1 The primary concerns for operator safety are associated with the fire-test-response procedure, Test Method E84, and notwith the specimen preparation procedure. Safety recommendations are included in Test Method E84.11. Report11.1 Report a detailed description of the system being tested.11.2 Rep
48、ort a detailed description of the specimen preparation method used, including the adhesive, if used, and its applicationrate, per Section 8.11.3 Report all the information required in the reporting section of Test Method E84, including observations, graphical resultsand the values of the flame sprea
49、d index and of the smoke developed index in each test.12. Keywords12.1 fire; fire test; flame spread; paper ceiling coverings; paper wall coverings; smoke developed; Steiner tunnel; textile ceilingcoverings; textile wall coverings; vinyl ceiling coverings; vinyl wall coveringsAPPENDIXX1. Grade Stamping AgenciesX1.1 APAThe Engineered Wood Association5 and TECO6 are quality control agencies that can issue grade stamps for PS 1-07plywood.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item men
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