1、Designation: E2741 11Standard Specification forEvaluation and Selection of Destinations forEnvironmentally Sustainable Meetings, Events, TradeShows, and Conferences1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2741; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforigin
2、al adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis specification offers a way to address environmental sustaina
3、bility in the meeting and eventindustry. It is a tool for event planners and suppliers to understand the attributes of an environmentallysustainable event. The goal in developing this specification is to establish common benchmarks forenvironmental performance in events for both planner and supplier
4、 sectors. This specificationconsiders the creation of an environmentally sustainable event to be a partnership between plannersand their suppliers. Each plays a critical role in the effort.In this specification, options are addressed for minimizing the environmental impact of face-to-faceevents. The
5、 approach of this specification is to focus on measurable outcomes and policies for plannersand suppliers. This maximizes the ability of businesses to select the methods best tailored to theirneeds to achieve benchmarks and measurable outcomes.1. Scope1.1 This specification delineates procedural req
6、uirementsfor destination selection for meetings, events, trade shows, orconferences (hereafter, referred to as events). Destinationselection is the practice of researching, evaluating, and choos-ing the location for an event. Destination selection is a coreactivity to plan an event and bring it to f
7、ruition.1.2 This specification has three categories: planner, supplier,and host destination.1.2.1 In the planner category, criteria are identified relatedto environmental sustainability that are considered in destina-tion selection.1.2.2 In the supplier category, criteria are listed for suppli-ers,
8、which, in the case of this sector, are called “destinationprofessionals.” Destination professionals may include destina-tion marketing organizations (DMOs or convention and visitorbureaus CVBs), third-party site-selection companies, desti-nation management companies, chambers of commerce, eco-nomic
9、development departments, or regional authorities.1.2.3 In the host destination category, a destination may bedefined as a city, area, or country that can be marketed togroups or individuals as a place to visit or hold an event.Although destination selection may consider country, regional,and city at
10、tributes, planners most often consider the capacity ofa city and its metropolitan area to host their event rather thancountry or regional capacity. The process of destination selec-tion will, therefore, focus mainly on destination city attributesas opposed to regional or country characteristics.1.3
11、Destination selection will include aspects of destinationselection as it relates to host cities. This includes the process ofevaluating destinations on the basis of how close they are toattendees, as well as the availability of public transit.1.4 Whereas this specification has three categories de-sc
12、ribed in 1.2 (planner, supplier, and host destination), both theplanner and host destination categories will be consideredmandatory for an event under this specification. The suppliercategory will only apply if a professional destination agency(CVB or DMO), as defined in 1.2.2 is used. If a supplier
13、 is notused, the requirements in this destination supplier categorymay be waived.1.5 In this specification, specific environmental sustainabil-ity attributes of the venue (for example, conference or conven-tion center), accommodations, or destination selection contrac-tors will not be considered. De
14、stination selection considers theavailability of these in a general sense.1.6 There are nine specifications covering the followingareas of event planning: destination selection, accommoda-tions, food and beverage, audio visual, onsite offices, commu-nication and marketing materials, transportation,
15、exhibits, andvenues. Within each specification are eight categories criteria:1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E60 onSustainability and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E60.02 on Hospital-ity.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2011. Published February 2012. DO
16、I: 10.1520/E2741-11.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.staff management policy, communications, waste management,energy, air quality, water, procurement, and community part-ners. Each category is further split into four
17、progressive levelsof achievement. Information within each specification is di-vided as follows: Main BodyScope, Referenced Documents,Terminology, Planner Requirements for Level 1, SupplierRequirements for Level 1, and Keywords; AnnexesPlannerRequirements for Levels 2 4 and Supplier Requirements forL
18、evels 2 4.1.7 All areas of performance under this specification maynot be relevant for each event or for each facility or provider ofmeting services. In some cases, a planner would use thisspecification in conjunction with other specifications (forexample, Specifications E2774, E2742) or this specif
19、icationmay be used individually. In other words, elements of an eventmay be separated and considered solely or added together andconsidered as a unit (for example, venues used individuallyversus transportation, accommodations, and destination selec-tion used in conjunction). Furthermore, this specif
20、icationapplies separately to each supplier for an event. This means ifmultiple suppliers are used within the context of a singlespecification, each supplier shall individually meet the supplierrequirements. To be considered an environmentally sustainableevent at Level 1, all areas applicable to that
21、 event shall beachieved.1.8 If higher levels are achieved in some sections, the eventcan only be considered environmentally sustainable at thelowest level achieved.1.9 The use of levels within this specification recognizes thepath to environmentally sustainable events is a multi-stageeffort. The ide
22、a behind the levels is to provide a coherentbaseline for measuring environmental performance, whilebeing flexible enough to adapt to the needs of more advancedplanners and establish a performance path that encouragesfurther environmental performance improvement. In addition,evolution of products and
23、 services to support events is ex-pected allowing additional advancements and underscoring thedynamic nature of environmental sustainability. This specifi-cation primarily focuses on environmental sustainability, whilesome aspects of economic and social sustainability are in-cluded recognizing the c
24、omplete path toward overall sustain-ability.1.10 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be re-garded as standard. The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units that are provided forinformation only and are not considered standard.1.11 This standard does not purport to
25、 address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E2114 Ter
26、minology for Sustainability Relative to the Per-formance of BuildingsE2742 Specification for Evaluation and Selection of Exhib-its for Environmentally Sustainable Meetings, Events,Trade Shows, and ConferencesE2774 Specification for Evaluation and Selection of Venuesfor Environmentally Sustainable Me
27、etings, Events, TradeShows, and Conferences2.2 Federal Statutes:Federal Hazardous Substances Act Labeling and BanningRequirements for Chemicals and Other Hazardous Sub-stances, 15 U.S.C. 1261 and 16 C.F.R. Part 15003Americans with Disabilities Act4Civil Rights Act of 1964, Title VII Equal Employment
28、Opportunity53. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 alternative fuel, na fuel that is substantially nonpe-troleum based conventional liquids (for example, non-gasolineor non-diesel), yields substantial energy security benefits, andoffers substantial environmental benefits.3.1.1.1 DiscussionThese fuels c
29、an include: pure metha-nol, ethanol, and other alcohols; blends of 68 % or more ofalcohols with gasoline; natural gas and liquid fuels domesti-cally produced from natural gas; liquefied petroleum gas(propane); hydrogen; electricity; biodiesel; fuels, other thanalcohol, derived from biological materi
30、als; and P-Series fuels.3.1.2 biodegradable, adjcapable of decomposing undernatural conditions into elements found in nature. E21143.1.3 convention and visitorsbureau (CVB), ndestinationmarketing organization (DMO), convention and visitor bureausare not-for-profit organizations charged with represen
31、ting aspecific destination and helping the long-term development ofcommunities through a travel and tourism strategy.3.1.3.1 DiscussionCVBs are usually membership organi-zations bringing together businesses that rely on tourism andevents for revenue. For visitors, CVBs are like a key to the city.2Fo
32、r referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent o
33、f Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.4Available from United States Department of Justice, 950 Pennsylvania Avenue,NW Civil Rights Division, Disability Rights Section - NYA, Washington, D.C.20530, http:/www.ada.gov.5Available from U.S. Equ
34、al Employment Opportunity Commission Clearing-house, P.O. Box 541 Annapolis Junction, MD 20701, http:/www.eeoc.gov.E2741 112As an unbiased resource, CVBs can serve as a broker or anofficial point of contact for convention and event planners, touroperators, and visitors. They assist planners with eve
35、nt prepa-ration and encourage business travelers and visitors alike tovisit local historic, cultural, and recreational sites.3.1.4 corporate social responsibility (CSR), na policy thatfunctions as self-regulating mechanism whereby the organiza-tion monitors and ensures its support of legal and ethic
36、alstandards, and international norms addressing activities affect-ing the environment, consumers, employees, communities,stakeholders, and all other members of the public sphere.3.1.4.1 DiscussionCSR is the deliberate inclusion of pub-lic interest into corporate decision-making and the honoring ofth
37、e triple bottom line: People, Planet, and Profit. Also knownas corporate responsibility, corporate citizenship, responsiblebusiness, sustainable responsible business (SRB), or corporatesocial performance, is a form of corporate self-regulationintegrated into a business model.3.1.5 destination, ncity
38、, area, or country that can bemarketed to groups or individuals as a place to visit or hold anevent.3.1.5.1 DiscussionAlthough destination selection mayconsider country, regional, and city attributes, planners mostoften consider the capacity of a city and its metropolitan areato host their experienc
39、e rather than country or regional capac-ity. The practices considered in this category will, therefore,focus mainly on destination city attributes as opposed toregional or country characteristics.3.1.6 diversion rate, nthe rate or percentage of wastematerials diverted from traditional disposal such
40、as landfills orincineration to be recycled, composted, or reused.3.1.7 environmentally preferable products, nproducts orservices that have a lesser or reduced effect on human healthand the environment when compared with competing productsor services that serve the same purpose.3.1.7.1 DiscussionThis
41、 comparison applies to raw mate-rials, manufacturing, packaging, distribution, use, reuse, opera-tion, maintenance, and disposal. These products may possessbiodegradable, organic, reusable, recycled, or recyclable attri-butes.3.1.8 environmentally sustainable, advenvironmental fo-cus on components,
42、functions and systems that meets the needsof the present without compromising the ability of futuregenerations to meet their own needs.3.1.9 hybrid vehicle, nvehicles which use a mixture ofmore than one power source, such as electric and petroleum.3.1.9.1 DiscussionHybrid-electric vehicles (HEVs) co
43、m-bine the benefits of internal combustion engines and electricmotors and can be configured to obtain different objectives,such as improved fuel economy, increased power, or additionalauxiliary power for electronic devices and power tools.3.1.10 local, adjrelating to or applicable to a city or towno
44、r district rather than a larger area.3.1.10.1 DiscussionThe exact distance for purposes ofsourcing goods (including food and beverage), services, andpersonnel will be determined by the planner or supplier, orboth, and be based upon the event location adjusting forlocation size and season. No standar
45、d definition exists to definelocal, inherent in this practice is the philosophy to use sourcesgeographically proximate to the event and be practical givenwide dispersion of services and products across geographicareas.3.1.11 natural fiber, nmade of naturally occurring mate-rials such as plants and a
46、nimals; can be contrasted withsynthetic fibers such as plastics.3.1.12 planner, nperson whose job it is to oversee andarrange every aspect of an event; an employee or hired ad hocby large companies, professional associations, or trade asso-ciations to plan, organize, implement, and control events,co
47、nventions, and other events.3.1.12.1 DiscussionPlanners may include professionalswho work for government, association, corporate, or indepen-dent agencies. The planner is the buyer of event services.3.1.13 post-consumer, adjrefers to materials that are re-claimed from products that have already serv
48、ed their intendedend-use as consumer items.3.1.13.1 DiscussionWaste from industrial processes arenot considered post-consumer. Post-consumer materials are asubset of recovered materials.3.1.14 pre-consumer material, adjrefers to material thatare reclaimed from manufacturing and other industrial pro-
49、cesses and products which have not served their intendedend-use as a consumer item. E21143.1.14.1 DiscussionPre-consumer materials include:culls, trimmed materials, print overruns, overissue publica-tions, and obsolete inventories.3.1.15 recovered materials, nwaste material and by-products which have been recovered or diverted from the wastestream, but such term does not include those materials andby-products generated from, and commonly used within, anoriginal manufacturer process. E21143.1.16 recyclable, nproduct that can be reprocessed whe
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