ASTM E2767-2013 Standard Practice for Digital Imaging and Communication in Nondestructive Evaluation &40 DICONDE&41 for X-ray Computed Tomography &40 CT&41 Test Methods《X射线极端及断层扫描4.pdf

1、Designation: E2767 11E2767 13Standard Practice forDigital Imaging and Communication in NondestructiveEvaluation (DICONDE) for X-ray Computed Tomography (CT)Test Methods1This standard is issued under the fixed designation ;E2767; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year ofo

2、riginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Departme

3、nt of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This practice facilitates the interoperability of X-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging equipment by specifying imagedata transfer and archival storage methods in commonly accepted terms. This document is intended to be used in conjunction withPractice E2339 on Digital Im

4、aging and Communication in Nondestructive Evaluation (DICONDE). Practice E2339 defines anindustrial adaptation of the NEMA Standards Publication titled Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM, seehttp:/medical.nema.org), an international standard for image data acquisition, review, sto

5、rage and archival storage. The goal ofPractice E2339, commonly referred to as DICONDE, is to provide a standard that facilitates the display and analysis of NDE testresults on any system conforming to the DICONDE standard. Toward that end, Practice E2339 provides a data dictionary and aset of inform

6、ation modules that are applicable to all NDE modalities. This practice supplements Practice E2339 by providinginformation object definitions, information modules and a data dictionary that are specific to X-ray CT test methods.1.2 This practice has been developed to overcome the issues that arise wh

7、en analyzing or archiving data from tomographic testequipment using proprietary data transfer and storage methods. As digital technologies evolve, data must remain decipherablethrough the use of open, industry-wide methods for data transfer and archival storage. This practice defines a method where

8、allthe X-ray CT technique parameters and test results are communicated and stored in a standard manner regardless of changes indigital technology.1.3 This practice does not specify:1.3.1 A testing or validation procedure to assess an implementations conformance to the standard.1.3.2 The implementati

9、on details of any features of the standard on a device claiming conformance.1.3.3 The overall set of features and functions to be expected from a system implemented by integrating a group of devices eachclaiming DICONDE conformance.1.4 Although this practice contains no values that require units, it

10、 does describe methods to store and communicate data thatdo require units to be properly interpreted. The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units ofmeasurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if

11、any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive ExaminationsE1

12、441 Guide for Computed Tomography (CT) ImagingE1475 Guide for Data Fields for Computerized Transfer of Digital Radiological Examination DataE1570 Practice for Computed Tomographic (CT) Examination1 This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nondestructive Testing and is the dir

13、ect responsibility of Subcommittee E07.11 on Digital Imagingand Communication in Nondestructive Evaluation (DICONDE).Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011Dec. 15, 2013. Published January 2012January 2014. Originally approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 20102011 asE2767 - 10.E2767 - 11

14、. DOI:10.1520/E2767-11.DOI:10.1520/E2767-13.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is

15、not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropri

16、ate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1

17、E2339 Practice for Digital Imaging and Communication in Nondestructive Evaluation (DICONDE)2.2 Other Standard:3DICOM National Electrical Manufacturers Association Standard for Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine(DICOM), 2011.3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Nondestructive evaluation ter

18、ms used in this practice can be found in Standard Terminology for NondestructiveExaminations, E1316.3.1.2 Computed Tomography terms used in this practice can be found in Standard Guide for Computed Tomography (CT)Imaging, E1441.3.1.3 DICONDE terms used in this practice are defined in Practice E2339.

19、4. Summary of Practice4.1 A fundamental principle of DICONDE is the use of standard definitions and attribute formats for data communication andstorage. This means all systems that are DICONDE compliant use a common data dictionary and common communicationprotocols. To further standardization, the e

20、lements in the data dictionary are organized into common groups referred to asinformation modules. The data dictionary and information modules common to all NDE modalities are defined in Practice E2339.4.2 The data dictionary and information modules specified in Practice E2339 do not cover the infor

21、mation storage requirementsfor each individual modality (CT, DR, CR, UT, etc.). Additions to the data dictionary and information modules are required tosupport the individual modalities. This practice contains the additions to the DICONDE data dictionary and information modulesnecessary for X-ray CT

22、 inspection.4.3 The highest organizational level in the DICONDE information model is the information object definition (IOD). Aninformation object definition is a collection of the information modules necessary to represent a set of test results from a specificmodality. This practice contains inform

23、ation object definitions for X-ray CT inspection.5. Significance and Use5.1 Personnel that are responsible for the creation, transfer, and storage of X-ray tomographic NDE data will use this standard.This practice defines a set of information modules that along with Practice E2339 and the DICOM stan

24、dard provide a standardmeans to organize X-ray tomography test parameters and results. The X-ray CT test results may be displayed and analyzed on anydevice that conforms to this standard. Personnel wishing to view any tomographic inspection data stored according to PracticeE2339 may use this documen

25、t to help them decode and display the data contained in the DICONDE-compliant inspection record.6. Information Object Definitions6.1 X-ray CT Image IOD Description:6.1.1 The X-ray CT Image Information Object Definition specifies an image that has been created by an X-ray CT imagingdevice for NDE pur

26、poses. To avoid duplication of relevant material from the DICOM standard, the IOD definition will follow thatfor CT Images found in Part 3, Section A.3 of the DICOM standard except as noted below in Table 1. Table 1 is not stand-aloneand must be used in conjunction with Part 3, Section A.3 of the DI

27、COM standard to have a complete definition of the DICONDECT information object. In addition to the DICONDE information modules specified in Practice E2339 and this standard, theDICONDE CT IOD utilizes additional DICOM standard information modules as noted in Table 1.6.1.2 This IOD will use the Servi

28、ce-Object Pair (SOP) Classes for the CT IOD as defined in Part 4, Section B.5 of the DICOMstandard.6.2 X-ray CT Multi-Frame Image IOD Description:6.2.1 The X-ray CT Multi-Frame (CT-MF) Image Information Object Definition specifies a multi-frame image that has beencreated by an X-ray CT imaging devic

29、e for NDE purposes. To avoid duplication of relevant material from the DICOM standard,the IOD definition will follow that for Enhanced CT Images found in Part 3, SectionA.38 of the DICOM standard except as notedbelow in Table 2. Table 2 is not stand-alone and must be used in conjunction with Part 3,

30、 Section A.38 of the DICOM standardto have a complete definition of the DICONDE CT-MF information object.6.2.2 This IOD will use the Service-Object Pair (SOP) Classes for the Enhanced CT IOD as defined in Part 4, Section B.5ofthe DICOM standard.7. Information Modules7.1 NDE CT Image Module:7.1.1 Tab

31、le 3 specifies the Attributes that describe the NDE X-ray CT image module.3 Available from National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA), 1300 N. 17th St., Suite 1752, Rosslyn, VA 22209, http:/www.nema.org.E2767 1327.2 NDE X-ray CT Detector Module:7.2.1 Table 4 specifies the Attributes that d

32、escribe NDE X-ray CT Detectors.7.2.1.1 For X-ray CT Detector module, Detector Type (0018,7004) is specified to use the following defined terms:DIRECTSCINTILLATOR7.2.1.2 For X-ray CT Detector module, Detector Configuration (0018,7005) is specified to use the following defined terms:AREALINEAR7.3 NDE

33、X-ray CT Calibration Data Module:7.3.1 Table 5 specifies the Attributes that describe NDE X-ray CT calibration data.7.4 NDE Enhanced CT Image Module.:7.4.1 Table 6 specifies the attributes that describe the NDE Enhanced CT Image Module.7.4.2 Table 7 specifies the attributes that describe the NDE CT

34、X-ray Details Functional Group macro.8. Keywords8.1 DICOM; DICONDE; X-ray; computed tomography; CT; digital data transmission; digital data storage; database; file formatTABLE 1 X-ray CT-Image Information Object DefinitionDICOM Module DICONDE Module Reference UsageAPatient Component Practice E2339,

35、Section 7 MClinical Trial Subject Not ApplicableGeneral Study Component Study Practice E2339, Section 7 MPatient Study Not ApplicableClinical Trial Study Not ApplicableGeneral Series Component Series Practice E2339, Section 7 MClinical Trial Series Not ApplicableGeneral Equipment NDE Equipment Pract

36、ice E2339, Section 7 MContrast/bolus Not ApplicableCT Image NDE CT Image 7.1 MNDE CT Detector 7.2 UX-Ray Collimator X-Ray Collimator DICOM Part 3,Section C.8.19.6.12UX-Ray Filtration X-Ray Filtration DICOM Part 3,Section C.8.7.10UX-Ray Grid X-Ray Grid DICOM Part 3,Section C.8.7.11UNDE Indication Pra

37、ctice E2339, Section 7 UNDE Geometry Practice E2339, Section 7 UNDE CT CalibrationData7.3 UA Definition of usage codes can be found in Part 3, Section A.1.3 of the DICOM standard.TABLE 2 X-ray CT-MF Image Information Object DefinitionDICOM Module DICONDE Module Reference UsageAPatient Component Prac

38、tice E2339, Section 7 MSpecimen Identification Not ApplicableClinical Trial Subject Not ApplicableGeneral Study Component Study Practice E2339, Section 7 MPatient Study Not ApplicableClinical Trial Study Not ApplicableGeneral Series Component Series Practice E2339, Section 7 MClinical Trial Series N

39、ot ApplicableSynchronization Not ApplicableGeneral Equipment NDE Equipment Practice E2339, Section 7 MEnhanced Contrast/Bolus Not ApplicableCardiac Synchronization Not ApplicableRespiratory Synchronization Not ApplicableEnhanced CT Image NDE Enhanced CT Image 7.4 MNDE Indication Practice E2339, Sect

40、ion 7 UNDE Geometry Practice E2339, Section 7 UNDE CT Calibration Data 7.3 UAcquisition Context Needed for DICOM compatibilityA Definition of usage codes can be found in Part 3, Section A.1.3 of the DICOM standard.E2767 133TABLE 3 NDE CT Image Module AttributesAttribute Name Tag VR VM TypeA Descript

41、ionImage Type (0008,0008) CS 1-n 1 Image identification characteristics.Samples Per Pixel (0028,0002) US 1 1 Number of samples per pixel (planes) in this image.Photometric Interpretation (0028,0004) CS 1 1 Specifies the intended interpretation of the pixel data.Bits Allocated (0028,0100) US 1 1 Numb

42、er of bits allocated for each pixel data.Bits Stored (0028,0101) US 1 1 Number of bits stored for each pixel data.High Bit (0028,0102) US 1 1 Most significant bit for pixel data.Rescale Intercept (0028,1052) DS 1 1 The value b in relationship between stored values (SV) and theoutput units. Output un

43、its = m*SV+bRescale Slope (0028,1053) DS 1 1 m in the equation specified in Rescale Intercept (0028,1052).Rescale Type (0028,1054) LO 1 1 Specifies the output units of Rescale Slope (0028,1053) andRescale Intercept (0028,1052).KVP (0018,0060) DS 1 2 Peak kilo voltage output of the X-ray generator us

44、ed.Acquisition Number (0020,0012) IS 1 2 A number identifying the single continuous gathering of data over aperiod of time which resulted in this image.Scan Options (0018,0022) CS 1-n 3 Parameters of the scanning sequence.Data Collection Diameter (0018,0090) DS 1 3 The diameter in mm of the region o

45、ver which data were collected.Reconstruction Diameter (0018,1100) DS 1 3 Diameter in mm of the region from within which data were used increating the reconstruction of the image. Data may exist outside ofthis portion of the region and portions of the component may existoutside this region.Distance S

46、ource toDetector(0018,1110) DS 1 3 Distance in mm from source to detector center.Distance Source toComponent(0018,1111) DS 1 3 Distance in mm from source to isocenter (center of field of view).Gantry/Detector Tilt (0018,1120) DS 1 3 Nominal angle of tilt in degrees of the scanning gantry. Notintende

47、d for mathematical calculations.Table Height (0018,1130) DS 1 3 The distance in mm of the top of the part positioner table to thecenter of rotation; below the center is positive.Rotation Direction (0018,1140) DS 1 3 Direction of rotation of the source when relevant, about nearestprincipal axis of eq

48、uipment. Enumerated Values: CW = clockwiseCC = counterclockwiseExposure Time (0018,1150) DS 1 3 Time of X-ray exposure in msec.X-ray Tube Current (0018,1151) DS 1 3 X-ray Tube Current in mA.Exposure (0018,1152) DS 1 3 The exposure expressed in mA, for example, calculated fromExposure Time and X-ray

49、Tube Current.Exposure in As (0018,1153) DS 1 3 The exposure expressed in m, for example, calculated fromExposure Time and X-ray Tube Current.Filter Type (0018,1160) DS 1 3 Label for the type of filter inserted into the X-ray beam.Generator Power (0018,1170) DS 1 3 Power in kW to the X-ray generator.LINAC Energy (0014,5002) IS 1 3 The energy of the LINAC in KeVe expressed in rads per minute.LINAC Output (0014,5004) IS 1 3 The output of the LINAC in GysFocal Spot (0018,1190) DS 1 3 Size of the focal spot in mm. For devices with variable focal spot ormultiple focal spots, small