ASTM E2880-2016a Standard Terminology Related to Biorationals.pdf

1、Designation: E2880 16E2880 16aStandard TerminologyRelated to Biorationals1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2880; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses

2、 indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This terminology is used in test methods, specifications, guides, and practices related to biorationals comprisingbiologically-derived materials or, if synt

3、hesized, the material must be structurally similar and functionally identical to abiologically occurring material with minor differences between the stereochemical isomer ratios. These definitions are written toensure that standards related to these materials and their uses are properly understood a

4、nd interpreted. Terms included in thisstandard cover materials or products derived from animals, plants, microorganisms, or minerals and focus on functional ormarketing claims, or both.2. Terminologybiopesticide, n, adjthe term for certain types of pesticides derived from such natural materials as a

5、nimals, plants, bacteria, andcertain minerals.biorational, n, adjadjthe term used to characterize a broad range of low environmental impact substances or products that aretypically biologically-derived or, if synthetic, structurally similar and functionally identical to a biologically occurring mate

6、rialwith minor differences between the respective stereochemical isomer ratios derived from biological or synthetic origins.DISCUSSIONBiorationals include biopesticides as well as nonpesticidal products, such as, but not limited to, those that are used for crop stress management,enhanced plant physi

7、ology benefits, root growth management, postharvest treatments or as an alternative to pesticides.DISCUSSIONBiorationals are used in areas, such as but not limited to, agriculture, aquaculture, forestry, plant health, industrial and residential areas.biosurfactant, na biologically produced molecule

8、that acts as a surface-active agent.plant-incorporated-protectant, nbiopesticidal substance that plants produce from genetic material that has been added to theplant.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif no

9、t revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which y

10、ou may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,Unite

11、d States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may al

12、so be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E35 on Pesticides, Antimicrobials, and Alternative Control Agents and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee E35.22 o

13、n Pesticide Formulations and Delivery Systems.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2016June 1, 2016. Published March 2016September 2016. Originally approved in 2014. Last previous edition approved in 20142016 asE288014.16. DOI: 10.1520/E28801610.1520/E288016AThis document is not an ASTM standard and is

14、intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1