ASTM F141-2004 Standard Terminology Relating to Resilient Floor Coverings《住宅地板覆盖物的标准术语》.pdf

1、Designation: F 141 04Standard Terminology Relating toResilient Floor Coverings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 141; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parent

2、heses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Referenced Documents1.1 ASTM Standards:2F 1700 Specification for Solid Vinyl F

3、loor TileF 1859 Specification for Rubber Sheet Floor CoveringWithout BackingF 1860 Specification for Rubber Sheet Floor Covering WithBacking2. Terminology2.1 Terms and Definitions:above-grade, adjabove the surface of the ground, as relatedto floor location, above a well-ventilated space with at leas

4、t18 in. between the bottom of the lowest horizontal structuralmember and any point of the ground.abrasion, nwearing, grinding, or rubbing away by friction.across machine direction, nthe direction perpendicular towhich a product moves through the manufacturing process.asphalt tile, nan obsolete floor

5、 surfacing unit composed ofasphalt or hydrocarbon resins, or both, crysotile asbestosfibers, mineral fillers, and pigments.below-grade, adjbelow the surface of the ground, as relatedto floor location, part or all of the floor is below the ground.concrete, na hard, strong material made by mixing acem

6、enting material (commonly portland cement) and amineral aggregate (as washed sand and gravel or brokenrock) with sufficient water to cause the cement to set andbind the entire mass.coefficient of frictionthe ratio of the tangential force that isneeded to start or maintain uniform relative motion bet

7、weentwo contacting surfaces to the perpendicular force holdingthem in contact. (See DCOF and SCOF in 2.2 for clarifica-tion.)cork tile, na floor surfacing unit made from natural corkshavings compressed and baked to be thoroughly anduniformly bonded together.cushioned vinyl flooring, nany vinyl sheet

8、 floor coveringincorporating a foam layer as part of its construction.dimensional stability, nthe ability of a resilient flooring toretain its original dimensions during the service life of theproduct.DISCUSSIONThis property is usually measured by: (1) temperature-induced dimensional changethe alter

9、ation in linear dimensions as aresult of exposure to a significant variation in temperature followed bya return to original conditions; or (2) moisture-induced dimensionalchangethe alteration in linear dimensions as a result of exposure toa significant variation in moisture. (1977)drying room yellow

10、ing, na yellowish cast on linoleumresultant from the oxidation process that will go away withlight exposure. Without continued light exposure, the castmay reappear.embossed, adjhaving a permanent multilevel surface pro-duced by mechanical or chemical means.flexibility, nthe ability to be bent, turne

11、d, or twisted withoutcracking, breaking or showing other permanent damage andwith or without returning of itself to its former shape.friction, nresistance to the relative motion of one bodysliding, rolling, or flowing over another with which it is incontact.gouge, na groove or cavity in the flooring

12、 surface accom-panied by material removal and penetration below theimmediate flooring surface.heat welded seam, na seam produced by grooving abuttingedges of resilient flooring and filling said grooves withheated, fused, or melted material to provide a bond and seal.A glazing or top coating may be a

13、pplied after the seam istrimmed.DISCUSSIONExcess welding material is trimmed flush with thefinished flooring after cooling.heterogeneous, adjconsisting of dissimilar ingredients, con-stituents or compositions.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F06 onResilient Floor Coverin

14、gs and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F06.10on Terminology.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2004. Published December 2004. Originallyapproved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as F 14103.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM

15、Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.heterogeneous rubber flooring,

16、na rubber floor surfacingmaterial consisting of layers of dissimilar compositions orcolors, or both. See also Specification F 1860.heterogeneous vinyl flooring, na vinyl floor surfacingmaterial consisting of layers of dissimilar compositions orcolors, or both.homogenous rubber flooring, na rubber fl

17、oor surfacingmaterial, in sheet or tile form, that is of uniform structure andcomposition throughout. It usually consists of compoundednatural or synthetic rubbers, or both, in combination withmineral fillers, pigments, and other additives. See Specifica-tion F 1859.homogeneous vinyl flooring, na fl

18、oor surfacing unit in sheetor tile form that is of uniform structure and compositionthroughout, usually consisting of vinyl plastic resins, plasti-cizers, fillers, pigments and stabilizers.injection molded flooringa floor surfacing material madeby driving or forcing a polymeric compound into a mold.

19、inlaid sheet flooring, na floor surfacing material in whichthe decorative pattern or design is formed by colored areasset in to the surface. The design so formed may or may notextend through to a backing.lightweight concrete, nconcrete with a density of less than115 lb/ft3(1840 kg/m3).linoleum, na s

20、urfacing material composed of a solidifiedmixture of linseed oil, pine rosin, fossil or other resins orrosins, or an equivalent oxidized oleoresinous binder, groundcork, wood flour, mineral fillers, and pigments, bonded to afibrous or other suitable backing.linoleum cementthe binder in linoleum cons

21、isting of amixture of linseed oil, pine rosin, fossil or other resins orrosins, or an equivalent oxidized oleoresinous binder.machine direction, nthe direction in which a product movesthrough the manufacturing process.mar, na mark made on the flooring surface by the depositionof material from fricti

22、on or rubbing of traffic bodies againstthe surface.oleoresin, na plant product containing chiefly essential oiland resin.on-gradein contact with the ground, as related to floorlocation, in contact with the ground or with less than 18 in.of well-ventilated space between the bottom of the lowesthorizo

23、ntal structural member and any point of the ground.patching compound, ncompound used to fill or smoothminor depressions or irregularities in a flooring surface.plank, na form of resilient floor covering having an aspectratio greater than 2:1.polymeric poured (seamless) floors, na floor surfacingmate

24、rial composed of polymeric materials applied to thesubstrate in liquid form alone or in combination with mineralor plastic aggregates, desiccants, or fillers.post-consumer recycled content, nthe portion, often ex-pressed as a percent by weight, of material used in themanufacture of a new product, wh

25、ere the material ex. workshas been recovered or otherwise diverted from disposal.3pre-consumer recycle content, nmaterial recovered or di-verted from industrial waste streams for use in the manufac-ture of a new product or a product made by a new process,often expressed as a percent by weight. This

26、excludesmaterials and by-products generated from and commonlyreused or reworked within the original manufacturing pro-cess.3printed sheet vinyl flooring, na floor surfacing materialwhich has a printed pattern and is protected with a wearlayerof transparent or translucent vinyl plastic. The wearlayer

27、may also include a specialty performance top coating.recycled content, nthe sum, normally expressed as a percentby weight, of post-industrial or pre-consumer recycledmaterial plus post-consumer recycled material.3resilient, adjtending or able to recover from strain ordeformation caused especially by

28、 compressive stress.resilient flooring, nan organic floor surfacing material madein sheet or tile form or formed in place as a seamless materialof which the wearing surface is non-textile. The resilientfloor covering classification by common usage includes, butis not limited to asphalt, cork, linole

29、um, rubber, vinyl, vinylcomposition, and polymeric poured seamless floors. Resil-ient in this sense is used as a commonly accepted term, butdoes not necessarily define a physical property. (1972)rosin, na translucent amber to almost black brittle friableresin that is obtained by chemical means from

30、the oleoresinor dead wood of pine trees or from tall oil.rotovinyl, na vinyl flooring with a pattern produced byrotogravure printing.rubber flooring, na floor surfacing material in sheet or tileform consisting of compounded natural or synthetic rubbersor both in combination with mineral fillers, pig

31、ments, andother additives.scratch, na shallow cut or narrow groove in the flooringsurface. A line or furrow made in the flooring surface byrasping or rubbing with a pointed or jagged object.scratching, va form of wear, in which a minute groove-likebreak in a flooring surface is made by a rubbing con

32、tact witha tool or particle, the total deformation being confined to themost immediate surface level. (1971)scuff, va form of wear, in which a mark, gall, roughness orother damage is caused by the rubbing of traffic bodiesagainst a flooring surface and may involve deposition of aforeign material ont

33、o the flooring surface. (1971)3See the U.S. Federal Trade Commission Document CFR Part 260 - Guide forthe Use of Environmental Marketing Claims for additional information andexamples. This document can be found at http:/www.ftc.gov/os/1996/10/16cfr260.htm.F141042sheet, resilient flooring, nflexible

34、resilient flooring, pack-aged in roll form, in which the length substantially exceedsthe width.DISCUSSIONSheet flooring is usually manufactured in widths of 6 to15 ft with rolls being up to 150 ft long to allow seamless installation insmall rooms and minimize seams in large rooms.slip resistance, nt

35、he ability to counteract loss of traction.solid vinyl flooring, nSee homogeneous vinyl flooring.(1974)solid vinyl tile, na resilient tile flooring composed of binder,fillers and pigments compounded with suitable stabilizersand processing aids. The tile meets requirements of Speci-fication F 1700. Th

36、e binder consists of polymers and/orcopolymers of vinyl chloride, other modifying resins, andplasticizers which comprise at least 34 % by weight of thefinished tile. The polymers and copolymers of vinyl chloridecomprise at least 60 % of the weight of the binder.static coefficient of frictionthe rati

37、o of the tangential forcethat is needed to start uniform relative motion between twocontacting surfaces to the perpendicular force holding themin contact.subfloor, nthat structural layer intended to provide supportfor design loadings which may receive resilient floor cover-ings directly if the surfa

38、ce is appropriate or indirectly via anunderlayment if its surface is not suitable. (1983)substrate, nthe underlying support surface upon which theflooring is installed.tangential force, na force that acts on a moving body in thedirection of a tangent to the curved path of the body.terrazzo, na form

39、of mosaic flooring made by embeddingmarble, onyx, granite, or glass chips in portland cement,polyacrylate modified portland cement, or resinous matrices.The terrazzo is poured in place, cured, ground, and thenpolished. Rustic terrazzo is a variation where, in lieu ofgrinding and polishing, the surfa

40、ce is washed with water orotherwise treated to expose the chips. Quartz, quartzite, andriver bed aggregate can also be used.tile, resilient flooring, nresilient flooring which is packagedin flat pieces which can be installed as individual units.DISCUSSIONTiles are usually square, with sides of 9 to

41、24 in.; mostcommonly 12 by 12 in. They can also be long and narrow, such as 4 by36 in. (sometimes called “plank”).traction, nthe adhesive friction of a body on a surface onwhich it moves.underlayment, na material placed under resilient flooring,or other finished flooring, to provide a suitable insta

42、llationsurface.vinyl asbestos tile (VAT), nan obsolete form of resilient tilecomposed of vinyl plastic binders, crysotile asbestos fibers,mineral fillers and pigments.vinyl composition tile (VCT), na resilient floor coveringcomposed of binder, fillers, and pigments. The binder shallconsist of one or

43、 more resins of poly (vinyl chloride), orvinyl chloride copolymers, or both, compounded with suit-able plasticizers and stabilizers. Other polymeric resins maybe incorporated as part of the binder.wear, nthe accumulative and integrative action of all thedeleterious mechanical influences encountered

44、in use whichtend to impair a materials serviceability. Such influencesinclude, but are not limited to abrasion, scratching, gougingand scuffing. (1971)wearlayer, nthe portion of a resilient floor covering thatcontains or protects the pattern and design exclusive oftemporary finishes or maintenance c

45、oatings.2.2 Abbreviations:COFcoefficient of friction.DCOFdynamic coefficient of friction.SCOFstatic coefficient of friction.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.

46、 Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comm

47、ents have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).F141043