ASTM F141-2008 Standard Terminology Relating to Resilient Floor Coverings.pdf

1、Designation: F 141 08Standard Terminology Relating toResilient Floor Coverings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 141; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parent

2、heses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Referenced Documents1.1 ASTM Standards:2F 1700 Specification for Solid Vinyl Fl

3、oor TileF 1859 Specification for Rubber Sheet Floor CoveringWithout BackingF 1860 Specification for Rubber Sheet Floor Covering WithBacking2. Terminology2.1 Terms and Definitions:above-grade, adjabove the surface of the ground, as relatedto floor location, above a well-ventilated space with at least

4、18 in. between the bottom of the lowest horizontal structuralmember and any point of the ground.abrasion, nwearing, grinding, or rubbing away by friction.across machine direction, nthe direction perpendicular towhich a product moves through the manufacturing process.asphalt tile, nan obsolete floor

5、surfacing unit composed ofasphalt or hydrocarbon resins, or both, crysotile asbestosfibers, mineral fillers, and pigments.below-grade, adjbelow the surface of the ground, as relatedto floor location, part or all of the floor is below the ground.cellular concrete, na light weight flooring substrate m

6、aterialwhich utilizes a hydraulic cement as the binder and has ahomogeneous void or cell structure attained using gasforming chemicals or foaming agents.concrete, na hard, strong material made by mixing acementing material (commonly portland cement) and amineral aggregate (as washed sand and gravel

7、or brokenrock) with sufficient water to cause the cement to set andbind the entire mass.coefficient of frictionthe ratio of the tangential force that isneeded to start or maintain uniform relative motion betweentwo contacting surfaces to the perpendicular force holdingthem in contact. (See DCOF and

8、SCOF in 2.2 for clarifica-tion.)cork tile, na floor surfacing unit made from natural corkshavings compressed and baked to be thoroughly anduniformly bonded together.cushioned vinyl flooring, nany vinyl sheet floor coveringincorporating a foam layer as part of its construction.dimensional stability,

9、nthe ability of a resilient flooring toretain its original dimensions during the service life of theproduct.DISCUSSIONThis property is usually measured by: (1) temperature-induced dimensional changethe alteration in linear dimensions as aresult of exposure to a significant variation in temperature f

10、ollowed bya return to original conditions; or (2) moisture-induced dimensionalchangethe alteration in linear dimensions as a result of exposure toa significant variation in moisture. (1977)drying room yellowing, na yellowish cast on linoleumresultant from the oxidation process that will go away with

11、light exposure. Without continued light exposure, the castmay reappear.embossed, adjhaving a permanent multilevel surface pro-duced by mechanical or chemical means.flexibility, nthe ability to be bent, turned, or twisted withoutcracking, breaking or showing other permanent damage andwith or without

12、returning of itself to its former shape.friction, nresistance to the relative motion of one bodysliding, rolling, or flowing over another with which it is incontact.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F06 onResilient Floor Coverings and is the direct responsibility of Subco

13、mmittee F06.10on Terminology.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2008. Published December 2008. Originallyapproved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as F 14104.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Ann

14、ual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.gouge, na groove or cavity in the flooring surface accom-panied by material

15、 removal and penetration below theimmediate flooring surface.heat welded seam, na seam produced by grooving abuttingedges of resilient flooring and filling said grooves withheated, fused, or melted material to provide a bond and seal.A glazing or top coating may be applied after the seam istrimmed.D

16、ISCUSSIONExcess welding material is trimmed flush with thefinished flooring after cooling.heterogeneous, adjconsisting of dissimilar ingredients, con-stituents or compositions.heterogeneous rubber flooring, na rubber floor surfacingmaterial consisting of layers of dissimilar compositions orcolors, o

17、r both. See also Specification F 1860.heterogeneous vinyl flooring, na vinyl floor surfacingmaterial consisting of layers of dissimilar compositions orcolors, or both.homogenous rubber flooring, na rubber floor surfacingmaterial, in sheet or tile form, that is of uniform structure andcomposition thr

18、oughout. It usually consists of compoundednatural or synthetic rubbers, or both, in combination withmineral fillers, pigments, and other additives. See Specifica-tion F 1859.homogeneous vinyl flooring, na floor surfacing unit in sheetor tile form that is of uniform structure and compositionthroughou

19、t, usually consisting of vinyl plastic resins, plasti-cizers, fillers, pigments and stabilizers.injection molded flooringa floor surfacing material madeby driving or forcing a polymeric compound into a mold.inlaid sheet flooring, na floor surfacing material in whichthe decorative pattern or design i

20、s formed by colored areasset in to the surface. The design so formed may or may notextend through to a backing.lightweight concrete, nconcrete with a density of less than115 lb/ft3(1840 kg/m3).linoleum, na surfacing material composed of a solidifiedmixture of linseed oil, pine rosin, fossil or other

21、 resins orrosins, or an equivalent oxidized oleoresinous binder, groundcork, wood flour, mineral fillers, and pigments, bonded to afibrous or other suitable backing.linoleum cementthe binder in linoleum consisting of amixture of linseed oil, pine rosin, fossil or other resins orrosins, or an equival

22、ent oxidized oleoresinous binder.machine direction, nthe direction in which a product movesthrough the manufacturing process.mar, na mark made on the flooring surface by the depositionof material from friction or rubbing of traffic bodies againstthe surface.oleoresin, na plant product containing chi

23、efly essential oiland resin.on-gradein contact with the ground, as related to floorlocation, in contact with the ground or with less than 18 in.of well-ventilated space between the bottom of the lowesthorizontal structural member and any point of the ground.patching compound, ncompound used to fill

24、or smoothminor depressions or irregularities in a flooring surface.plank, na form of resilient floor covering having an aspectratio greater than 2:1.polymeric poured (seamless) floors, na floor surfacingmaterial composed of polymeric materials applied to thesubstrate in liquid form alone or in combi

25、nation with mineralor plastic aggregates, desiccants, or fillers.post-consumer recycled content, nthe portion, often ex-pressed as a percent by weight, of material used in themanufacture of a new product, where the material ex. workshas been recovered or otherwise diverted from disposal.3pre-consume

26、r recycle content, nmaterial recovered or di-verted from industrial waste streams for use in the manufac-ture of a new product or a product made by a new process,often expressed as a percent by weight. This excludesmaterials and by-products generated from and commonlyreused or reworked within the or

27、iginal manufacturing pro-cess.3printed sheet vinyl flooring, na floor surfacing materialwhich has a printed pattern and is protected with a wearlayerof transparent or translucent vinyl plastic. The wearlayermay also include a specialty performance top coating.recycled content, nthe sum, normally exp

28、ressed as a percentby weight, of post-industrial or pre-consumer recycledmaterial plus post-consumer recycled material.3resilient, adjtending or able to recover from strain ordeformation caused especially by compressive stress.resilient flooring, nan organic floor surfacing material madein sheet or

29、tile form or formed in place as a seamless materialof which the wearing surface is non-textile. The resilientfloor covering classification by common usage includes, butis not limited to asphalt, cork, linoleum, rubber, vinyl, vinylcomposition, and polymeric poured seamless floors. Resil-ient in this

30、 sense is used as a commonly accepted term, butdoes not necessarily define a physical property. (1972)rosin, na translucent amber to almost black brittle friableresin that is obtained by chemical means from the oleoresinor dead wood of pine trees or from tall oil.rotovinyl, na vinyl flooring with a

31、pattern produced byrotogravure printing.rubber flooring, na floor surfacing material in sheet or tileform consisting of compounded natural or synthetic rubbersor both in combination with mineral fillers, pigments, andother additives.scratch, na shallow cut or narrow groove in the flooringsurface. A

32、line or furrow made in the flooring surface byrasping or rubbing with a pointed or jagged object.scratching, va form of wear, in which a minute groove-likebreak in a flooring surface is made by a rubbing contact witha tool or particle, the total deformation being confined to themost immediate surfac

33、e level. (1971)scuff, va form of wear, in which a mark, gall, roughness orother damage is caused by the rubbing of traffic bodies3See the U.S. Federal Trade Commission Document CFR Part 260 - Guide forthe Use of Environmental Marketing Claims for additional information andexamples. This document can

34、 be found at http:/www.ftc.gov/os/1996/10/16cfr260.htm.F141082against a flooring surface and may involve deposition of aforeign material onto the flooring surface. (1971)sheet, resilient flooring, nflexible resilient flooring, pack-aged in roll form, in which the length substantially exceedsthe widt

35、h.DISCUSSIONSheet flooring is usually manufactured in widths of 6 to15 ft with rolls being up to 150 ft long to allow seamless installation insmall rooms and minimize seams in large rooms.slip resistance, nthe ability to counteract loss of traction.solid vinyl flooring, nSee homogeneous vinyl floori

36、ng.(1974)solid vinyl tile, na resilient tile flooring composed of binder,fillers and pigments compounded with suitable stabilizersand processing aids. The tile meets requirements of Speci-fication F 1700. The binder consists of polymers and/orcopolymers of vinyl chloride, other modifying resins, and

37、plasticizers which comprise at least 34 % by weight of thefinished tile. The polymers and copolymers of vinyl chloridecomprise at least 60 % of the weight of the binder.static coefficient of frictionthe ratio of the tangential forcethat is needed to start uniform relative motion between twocontactin

38、g surfaces to the perpendicular force holding themin contact.subfloor, nthat structural layer intended to provide supportfor design loadings which may receive resilient floor cover-ings directly if the surface is appropriate or indirectly via anunderlayment if its surface is not suitable. (1983)subs

39、trate, nthe underlying support surface upon which theflooring is installed.tangential force, na force that acts on a moving body in thedirection of a tangent to the curved path of the body.terrazzo, na form of mosaic flooring made by embeddingmarble, onyx, granite, or glass chips in portland cement,

40、polyacrylate modified portland cement, or resinous matrices.The terrazzo is poured in place, cured, ground, and thenpolished. Rustic terrazzo is a variation where, in lieu ofgrinding and polishing, the surface is washed with water orotherwise treated to expose the chips. Quartz, quartzite, andriver

41、bed aggregate can also be used.tile, resilient flooring, nresilient flooring which is packagedin flat pieces which can be installed as individual units.DISCUSSIONTiles are usually square, with sides of 9 to 24 in.; mostcommonly 12 by 12 in. They can also be long and narrow, such as 4 by36 in. (somet

42、imes called “plank”).traction, nthe adhesive friction of a body on a surface onwhich it moves.underlayment, na material placed under resilient flooring,or other finished flooring, to provide a suitable installationsurface.vinyl asbestos tile (VAT), nan obsolete form of resilient tilecomposed of viny

43、l plastic binders, crysotile asbestos fibers,mineral fillers and pigments.vinyl composition tile (VCT), na resilient floor coveringcomposed of binder, fillers, and pigments. The binder shallconsist of one or more resins of poly (vinyl chloride), orvinyl chloride copolymers, or both, compounded with

44、suit-able plasticizers and stabilizers. Other polymeric resins maybe incorporated as part of the binder.wear, nthe accumulative and integrative action of all thedeleterious mechanical influences encountered in use whichtend to impair a materials serviceability. Such influencesinclude, but are not li

45、mited to abrasion, scratching, gougingand scuffing. (1971)wearlayer, nthe portion of a resilient floor covering thatcontains or protects the pattern and design exclusive oftemporary finishes or maintenance coatings.2.2 Abbreviations:COFcoefficient of friction.DCOFdynamic coefficient of friction.SCOF

46、static coefficient of friction.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsan

47、d should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee o

48、n Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).F141083