ASTM F152-1995(2002) Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Nonmetallic Gasket Materials《非金属垫料抗拉试验的测试方法》.pdf

1、Designation: F 152 95 (Reapproved 2002)Standard Test Methods forTension Testing of Nonmetallic Gasket Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 152; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of

2、last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 These test methods cover the determi

3、nation of tensilestrength of certain nonmetallic gasketing materials at roomtemperature. The types of materials covered are those contain-ing asbestos and other inorganic fibers (Type 1), cork (Type 2),cellulose or other organic fiber (Type 3), and flexible graphite(Type 5) as described in Classific

4、ation F 104. These testmethods are not applicable to the testing of vulcanized rubber,a method for which is described in Test Methods D 412 nor forrubber O-rings, a method for which is described in TestMethods D 1414.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values in

5、parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory lim

6、itations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermo-plastic Rubbers and Thermoplastic Elastomers Tension2D 1414 Test Methods for Rubber O-Rings3E 4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines4E 691 Practice for Conducting an In

7、terlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method5F 104 Classification System for Nonmetallic Gasket Mate-rials33. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 samplea unit or section of a unit taken from asampling lot.3.1.2 specimena piece of material appropriately shapedand prepared so that it is

8、 ready for a test.3.1.3 tensile strengththe maximum tensile stress appliedduring stretching a specimen to rupture.3.1.4 tensile stressthe applied force per unit or originalcross-sectional area of the specimen.4. Significance and Use4.1 These test methods are described in order to standardizeprocedur

9、es for determining the tensile strength of nonmetallicgasket materials. The measurement of this property character-izes various classes and grades of materials of a given type andin so doing, it will give the manufacturer a measurement of thequality of his product. It also will aid the purchaser of

10、thegasketing materials to be able to determine whether the gasketmaterial that he has approved for a given application is beingmanufactured in acceptable quality.4.2 The measurement of this property should not be mis-construed as to give the purchaser of the gasket material anindication of the perfo

11、rmance of that material in application.4.3 The property may be useful in establishing materialspecifications.4.4 Various procedures are given for the different types ofmaterials, and in order to compare the results from onelaboratory to another, it is imperative that the applicableprocedure be selec

12、ted.4.5 Various types of tension-testing apparatus are allowed tobe used. These types of equipment can produce differentindicated results. Laboratories having different equipment mayhave to establish correlations between each other; otherwise,misinterpretation of the test data could result.5. Appara

13、tus5.1 DiesThe inside faces of the dies shall be polished andbe perpendicular to the plane formed by the cutting edges fora depth of at least 5 mm (0.2 in.). The dies shall be sharp andfree of nicks in order to prevent ragged edges on the specimen.5.2 Dial MicrometersIn accordance with 9.1 of Classi

14、fi-cation F 104.5.3 Testing MachineTension tests shall be made on apower-driven machine, so equipped that a constant rate of gripseparation shall be maintained, and with an indicating or1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F03 onGaskets and are the direct responsibility o

15、f Subcommittee F03.20 on MechanicalTest Methods.Current edition approved Jan. 15, 1995. Published March 1995. Originallypublished as F152 72. Last previous edition F152 93.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.02.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.5A

16、nnual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.recording device for measuring the resulting force within62 %. The tester shall have two grips and a mechanism forseparating the grips at a unifo

17、rm rate, which will be maintainedduring the test within 65 % of the desired rate of separation.The grips shall be either wedged or toggle type, designed totransmit the applied force over a large surface area of thespecimen.5.3.1 Calibrate the testing machine in accordance withProcedure A of Practice

18、s E 4.6. Conditioning6.1 Prior to testing, specimens shall be conditioned asfollows:6.1.1 Type 1Specimens shall be conditioned in an oven at100 6 1C (212 6 2F) for 1 h and allowed to cool to 21 to29C (70 to 85F) in a desiccator containing a suitabledesiccant,6except that asbestos millboard shall be

19、conditionedin an oven for4hat1006 1C (212 6 2F).6.1.2 Type 2Specimens shall be conditioned at least 46 hin a controlled cabinet or room with gentle circulation of the airat 21 to 30C (70 to 85F) and 50 to 55 % relative humidity.6.1.3 Type 3Specimens shall be preconditioned for4hat21 to 29C (70 to 85

20、F) in a desiccator containing anhydrouscalcium chloride. Specimens shall then be transferred to acontrolled humidity cabinet or room with gentle circulation ofthe air and conditioned for at least 20 h at 21 to 29C (70 to85F) and from 50 to 55 % relative humidity.7. Procedure7.1 Method A, for Asbesto

21、s and Other Inorganic Fiber-Containing Nonmetallic Gasket Materials:7.1.1 Prepare the specimens from the sample using Die A(12.7-mm (0.50-in.) width) in accordance with Test MethodsD 412. The lengthwise direction shall be perpendicular to thegrain of the material.7.1.2 Clamp the specimens in the tes

22、ting jaws so that a116-mm (4-in.) spacing between jaws is used and drive the jawat 305 6 25 mm (12 6 1 in.)/min. Specimens cut with Die B(6.4-mm (0.25-in.) width) in accordance with Test MethodsD 412, or one 25.4 by 152.4-mm (1 by 6-in.) strip cut by a diein accordance with 7.3.1 may be used when th

23、ese 12.7-mm(0.50-in.) specimens break at more than 85 % or less than 15 %of the rated capacity when pendulum-type testing machines areused.7.2 Method B, for Cork Compositions and Cork-RubberGasket Materials:7.2.1 Prepare the specimens from the sample using a 50.8by 101.5-mm (2 by 4-in.) die.7.2.2 Pl

24、ace the specimens in the jaws so that a 25.4-mm(1-in.) length is gripped and drive the jaw at 305 6 25 mm (126 1 in.)/min.7.3 Method C, for Cellulosic or Other Organic Fiber-Containing Gasket Materials:7.3.1 The specimens shall be 25.4 by 152.4 mm (1 by 6 in.).The lengthwise dimension shall be perpe

25、ndicular to the graindirection of the material.7.3.2 Place them in the machine with a 102-mm (4-in.)distance between the jaws and drive the jaw at 305 6 25 mm(12 6 1 in.)/min. Specimens of 12.7-mm (0.50-in.) width maybe used where necessary to fall within the range of the loadindicator.7.4 Method D,

26、 for Flexible Graphite Gasket Materials:7.4.1 The specimens shall be 25.4 by 152.4 mm (1 by 6 in.).The lengthwise dimension shall be parallel to the length of thecoil material.7.4.2 Place the specimen in the machine with a 102-mm(4-in.) distance between the jaws and drive the jaw at 12 6 5mm (0.5 6

27、0.2 in.)/min.8. Calculation8.1 Calculate the tensile strength by dividing the peak loadby the original cross-sectional area of the specimen andexpressing the results in megapascals or pounds per squareinch.9. Report9.1 Report the following information:9.1.1 Complete sample identification, including

28、commercialdesignation,9.1.2 Source,9.1.3 Manufacturer,9.1.4 Date of production, if known,9.1.5 Procedure used (whether A, B, or C),9.1.6 Number of specimens tested from each sample,9.1.7 Type of testing apparatus conditioning, if other thanrecommended,9.1.8 Conditioning, if other than recommended, a

29、nd9.1.9 Results, reported as the average of all the test speci-mens tested per sample, accompanied by the date of testing.10. Precision and Bias710.1 An interlaboratory test program was conducted on 2types of machines, 5 fixed and 5 movable heads, using 5specimens each of 7 differing materials on 2

30、different days. Thedata from this program analyzed in accordance with PracticeE 691 is tabulated in Table 1.11. Keywords11.1 cross-section area; peakload; tensile strength; tensilestress6Anhydrous calcium chloride and silica gel have been determined to be suitabledesiccants.7Supporting data are avai

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34、ved a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of

35、 this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).TABLE 1 Precision and Bias DataNOTE 1Examination of this data demonstrates the differing test results between t

36、he 2 types of machines to be statistically significant, at a 95 %confidence level, for only Materials F and E when 10 specimens were tested at 5 different laboratories. There likely would be no statistically significantdifference if 3 specimens were tested at 2 laboratories.Movable HeadMaterial Aver

37、age Repeatability Reproducibility Test Method PrecisionF 513 29.1 24.2 37.8G 2780 86.5 17.7 88.3D 3085 269.8 103.6 289.0A 3195 161.7 271.1 315.6B 3396 214.9 279.4 352.5C 4089 318.0 510.4 601.4E 7712 287.5 229.4 367.8Fixed HeadF 559 29.6 25.5 39.1G 2863 68.7 76.2 102.6D 3142 258.0 217.5 337.4A 3317 148.0 353.1 382.9B 3566 247.2 402.7 472.5C 4155 319.0 277.8 423.0E 8062 389.0 225.0 449.0F 1523