ASTM F310-2007(2012) Standard Practice for Sampling Cryogenic Aerospace Fluids《冷冻的航空航天流体取样的标准实施规程》.pdf

1、Designation: F310 07 (Reapproved 2012)Standard Practice forSampling Cryogenic Aerospace Fluids1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F310; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A n

2、umber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This practice describes procedures for taking a sampleo

3、f cryogenic aerospace fluid for analysis.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory

4、 requirements prior to use. For hazardstatement, see Section 5.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F311 Practice for Processing Aerospace Liquid Samples forParticulate Contamination Analysis Using Membrane Fil-tersG93 Practice for Cleaning Methods and Cleanliness Levelsfor Material and Equipm

5、ent Used in Oxygen-EnrichedEnvironmentsG127 Guide for the Selection of Cleaning Agents for Oxy-gen Systems3. Summary of Practice3.1 Dewar Flask ProcedureA clean Dewar Flask is usedto collect a sample of cryogenic aerospace fluid either from asampling valve, or poured from a larger Dewar flask used f

6、orstorage.3.2 Cryogenic Sampler ProcedureThe sampler is used towithdraw a small amount of liquefied gas from a large supply.The sampler is allowed to cool until a steady stream ofcryogenic liquid exists in the sampler. Once the samplingvalves are closed the trapped liquid will convert to a gas andpr

7、essurize the sampling vessel.4. Apparatus and Materials4.1 Apparatus and Materials Common to Both Procedures:4.1.1 Protective Clothing, such as an apron, face-shield, andthermal gloves. Coveralls meeting safety requirements forstatic dissipation, and flammability may be required dependingon local sa

8、fety regulations or operating procedures. Whitecoveralls are recommended while working with cryogenicoxygen as they will show dirt or oil which may react violentlywith cryogenic oxygen.4.1.2 Wash Bottle, 1L made of a material compatible withthe solvent selected for the cleaning procedure, Teflon FEP

9、 isgenerally acceptable with the solvents and fluids used.4.1.3 Solventsmust be selected to meet the performance,safety, cleanliness, and environmental requirements based onstandardized procedures, local and international environmentalregulations, and local procedures.4.1.3.1 Cleaning Solvents for C

10、ryogenic Oxygen SamplingEquipmentSolvents for use on oxygen sampling equipmentshould be selected in accordance with 5.6. Examples ofsolvents currently used for this purpose include, but are notlimited to:Hydrofluorochlorocarbons, such as Asahiklin AK 225,Hydrofluorocarbons, such as DuPont Vertrel XF

11、 or VertrelMCA,Hydrofluoroethers, such as 3M HFE 7100 or HFE 71DE,Water-based solvents, such as non-ionic detergents.4.1.3.2 Cleaning Solvent for Sampling Equipment Used withother Cryogenic Fluids:Ethyl acetate shall have no more than 1 g/mL residue afterevaporation,Cyclohexane shall have no more th

12、an 1 g/mLresidue afterevaporation,The cleaning solvent will be an azeotrope mixture of ethylacetate and cyclohexane, filtered in accordance with PracticeF311. The mole fraction axeotropic mixture is 0.5286 ethylacetate and 0.4714 cyclohexane. This is prepared by mixing503 mL of ethyl acetate with 49

13、7 mL of cyclohexane toproduce 1 L of cleaning solvent. A fluorocarbon wash bottleshould be used with this cleaning solvent.4.2 Dewar Flask Procedure:4.2.1 Dewar Flask, 1-L capacity.4.2.2 Dewar Cover, with provisions for venting.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E21 on SpaceS

14、imulation and Applications of Space Technology and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee E21.05 on Contamination.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012. Published November 2012. Originallyapproved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as F310 07. DOI:10.1520/F0310-07R12.2For reference

15、d ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Cons

16、hohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14.2.3 Stainless Steel Catch Bucket(hydrocarbon clean ifused for liquid oxygen sampling).4.2.4 Tongs, stainless steel (Type 300).4.2.5 Carrying Case for flask.4.2.6 Polychlorotrifluoroethylene Bag.4.3 Cryogenic Sampler Procedure:4.3.1 Liquid Cryogenic Samplers34

17、.3.2 Miscellaneous Fittings, for adapting to the samplepoint.4.3.3 Flexible Hose, pressure-rated at 3500 kPa (500 psig)gage suitable for the minimum temperature to be encounteredand made of materials compatible with the fluid being sampled.4.3.4 Handtools, needed to make the appropriate connec-tions

18、.5. Hazards5.1 When sampling cryogenic fluids, care should always beexercised to avoid contact with fluid, equipment, or cold gas toprevent painful frostbite.5.2 During the chill-down process, caution should also beexercised as gas exiting from the sampling point is under highpressure.5.3 Certain cr

19、yogenic gases such as nitrogen will displacethe oxygen in the atmosphere from the ground upwards.Always sample these products in well ventilated areas toprevent asphyxiation.5.4 Pressure buildup in cryogenic samplers from vaporizingliquid presents a potential hazard.5.5 When sampling cryogenic oxyge

20、n all equipment mustbe cleaned to the oxygen cleanliness standards outlined inPractice G93 to prevent flash fires or explosions. Rust and dirtparticles are known to cause flash fires within oxygen lineswhen the particles impact valves or bends in the samplinglines. Organic material such as solvents

21、or even the oil fromyour skin can react violently with cryogenic oxygen leading toan explosion.5.6 When cleaning cryogenic oxygen sampling equipment,only solvents that have been determined to be compatible withoxygen should be used due to the danger of fire or explosion.Practice G93, Table 5, provid

22、es a list of common solvents andGuide G127 provides guidance on the selection of an oxygensystem cleaning solvent.6. Dewar Flask Procedure6.1 Clean all equipment to meet oxygen system cleanlinessstandards in accordance with Practice G93.6.2 Clean the outlet of the sampling port with fluid from thewa

23、sh bottle in 4.1.2 in accordance with Practice G93.6.3 Open the sampling valve and allow the chill-down tooccur until liquid is flowing into the catch bucket.6.4 Remove the cover from the Dewar flask.6.5 Hold the flask in a stream of liquid and fill to approxi-mately one-half full. Dump the liquid i

24、n the catch bucket.6.6 Repeat the procedure described in 6.4 until the flask hasbeen sufficiently chilled down.6.7 Fill the Dewar flask approximately three-fourths full.6.8 Close the sampling valve.6.9 Replace the cover on top of the Dewar flask(WarningThe cover must be vented to avoid excessivepres

25、sure.)6.10 Place a polychlorotrifluoroethylene or FEP bag on topof the Dewar flask (WarningDo not seal bag, allow to vent.)6.11 Label the sample.6.11.1 The label shall identify the sample and remain withthe sample.6.11.2 The label shall include the following information:6.11.2.1 Location where the s

26、ample was taken;6.11.2.2 Date and time the sample was taken;6.11.2.3 Fluid that was sampled; and6.11.2.4 Person who took the sample.6.12 Analyze the sample as specified in the applicablerequirements documents.7. Cryogenic Sampler Procedure7.1 The approved procedure for the specified sampler beinguse

27、d and the fluid being sampled shall be followed.7.2 Clean all equipment to meet oxygen system standardsand certify as required by the specific procedure.7.3 Verify certification for all equipment before using thesampler.7.4 Inspect sample port for rust, dirt, water, and othercontaminants.7.5 Clean o

28、utlet of the sampling port with fluid from thewash bottle in 4.1.2 in accordance with the specified procedure.7.6 Attach the sample inlet port to the sampling point usingfittings as necessary, and flexible hose if necessary.7.7 Remove the dust cover on the outlet, and open thesampling valve on the s

29、ystem.7.8 Allow chill-down to occur until a steady stream of liquidis exiting from the outlet of the sampler.7.9 Open the chamber valve on the sampler for the timespecified in the procedure and then close; this allows theprecooled reservoir chamber to fill.7.10 Remove the sampler from the system, an

30、d place thedust cover on the inlet and outlet ports.7.11 Tip the sampler to spill liquid into the outer chamber,the gasification will occur.7.12 Relieve pressure in the cylinder, if it exceeds 3500 kPa(500 psi) as indicated on the gage of the sampler.3The sole sources of supply of the samplers known

31、 to the committee at this timeare the following: Type TTU-131/E, Cosmodyne, LLC, 3010 Old Ranch Parkway,Suite 300, Seal Beach, CA90740 and Model FCS 2001, Cv International, Inc., 2730Monterey St., Suite 108, Torrance, CA 90503. If you are aware of alternativesuppliers, please provide this informatio

32、n to ASTM International Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsibletechnical committee,1which you may attend.F310 07 (2012)27.13 Label the sample in accordance with the procedure.7.13.1 The label shall identify the sample and remain withthe sample.7.

33、13.2 The label shall include the following information:7.13.2.1 Location where the sample was taken;7.13.2.2 Date and time the sample was taken;7.13.2.3 Fluid that was sampled; and7.13.2.4 Person who took the sample.7.14 Analyze the sample as specified in the applicablerequirements documents.8. Prec

34、ision and Bias8.1 Neither the precision nor the bias for this practice hasbeen determined.9. Keywords9.1 aerospace fluids; cryogenic fluids; fluid samplingASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard.

35、 Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed e

36、very five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible tec

37、hnical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshoho

38、cken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).F310 07 (2012)3