ASTM F381-2009 Standard Safety Specification for Components Assembly Use and Labeling of Consumer Trampolines.pdf

1、Designation: F 381 09An American National StandardStandard Safety Specification forComponents, Assembly, Use, and Labeling of ConsumerTrampolines1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 381; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in

2、the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This safety specification covers the components, theassembly, and the use of consume

3、r trampolines.1.2 This specification is delimited in its application totrampolines of (1) a minimum bed size of 3300 in.2(21 300cm2), (2) a minimum height of 20 in. (51 cm), (3) intended forthe purpose of continuous, vertical jumping activities and (4)intended for consumer use.1.3 This specification

4、 is intended (1) to reduce the demon-strated hazards associated with the use of trampolines byconsumers; (2) for trampolines used in a home environment bya single user; and (3) not to apply to institutional trampolinesor trampolines intended for use on water. Trampolines thatadhere to this specifica

5、tion are not recommended for use bychildren under six years of age.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.5 This standard

6、does not purport to address all of thehazards associated with trampolines. The standards existencealone will not necessarily prevent injuries. Like other physicalactivities, trampoline use involves the risk of injury, particu-larly if the equipment is used improperly.1.6 This standard does not purpo

7、rt to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This specification includes the following s

8、ections andselected subsections.Title Section NumberScope 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Included Components 4Materials and Manufacture 5Environmental Conditioning 5.3UV Exposure 5.3Performance Requirements 6Drop Test 6.2Drop test weight and impactor shape. 6.2.5Drop test procedure. 6.2.6Paddin

9、g Attachment System Strength 6.3Padding Attachment System Strength TestProcedure6.3.1Information Packet: 7Packet Marketing and Contents 7.1Assembly and Installation Instructions 7.2Care and Maintenance Instructions 7.3Warning Information 7.4Use Instructions 7.5Product Marking: 8Identification 8.1On-

10、Trampoline Warnings 8.2Instruction Sign 8.3Packaging and Package Marking 9Access Devices: 10Trampoline Ladders 10.1Ladder Warning 10.2Keywords 11Appendix2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) ApparatusD 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plasti

11、csF 355 Test Method for Shock-Absorbing Properties of Play-ing Surface Systems and Materials2.2 AATCC Standard:3AATCC Method 1692.3 ANSI Standard:4ANSI Z535.4 Product Safety Signs and Labels3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 access device, ndevice used for access

12、to or egressfrom a trampoline bed including, but not limited to, trampolineladders.1This safety specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 onSports Equipment and Facilities and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF08.17 on Trampolines and Related Equipment.Current edition

13、approved July 1, 2009. Published August 2009. Originallyapproved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as F 381 06.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,

14、refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists(AATCC), P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, http:/www.aatcc.org.4Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor,

15、 New York, NY 10036.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.2 bed, nflexible surface which the user contacts in thecourse of bouncing on a trampoline.3.1.3 bouncing, naction considered as normal use of atrampoline consist

16、ing of continuous, vertical jumping whereineach landing is in near proximity to the previous landing.3.1.4 consumer trampoline, ntrampoline intended for usein a home environment.3.1.5 folding-type trampoline, ntrampoline whose framecan be folded when not in use. See portable.3.1.6 frame, nframework

17、constructed of rigid supportivematerials from which the bed is suspended.3.1.7 frame padding, nshock-attenuating protective de-vice(s) that attaches to the frame to cover the frame andsuspension system in the plane of the bed.3.1.8 institutional trampoline, ntrampoline intended foruse in a commercia

18、l or institutional facility.3.1.9 ladder, nsee trampoline ladder.3.1.10 legs, nthe framework constructed of rigid materi-als which support the frame above the ground or floor.3.1.11 mat, ncommon, though non-preferred term refer-ring to bed.3.1.12 portable, adjable to be easily moved withoutdisassemb

19、ly, though usually requiring the assistance of devicessuch as roller stands. Folding-type trampolines are oftenintended to be portable.3.1.13 roller stand, ndevice that is used to assist inrolling/moving a folding-type trampoline frame.3.1.14 suspension system, nbed-supporting system madeup of elast

20、ic devices that connect the bed to the frame, forexample, steel extension springs.3.1.15 trampoline, nrebound device activated by verticaljumping, upon which gymnastics skills and exercises areperformed.3.1.16 trampoline ladder, nladder-like device specificallydesigned for use with a trampoline and

21、designed to be easilyremovable.4. Included Components4.1 When a trampoline is offered for sale, it shall include thefollowing: (1) a frame, (2) a bed, (3) a suspension system, (4)frame padding (where the frame is in the plane of the bed), (5)an information packet, and (6) suitable markings.4.2 When

22、a trampoline is offered for sale, a trampolineladder shall not be included as a component part or within thesame packaging.4.3 When a portable trampoline is offered for sale, it shallinclude all of the components in 4.1 plus appropriate rollerstands.4.3.1 For folding-type trampolines, the informatio

23、n in 7.5.1and 8.3.3 shall also include the following:4.3.1.1 Use two or more strong people to open and closefolding-type trampolines.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 The suspension system shall be designed so as to protectthe performer from injury due to contact with the sharp ends ofthe trampoline s

24、prings.5.2 The frame padding, where required, shall be designed toremain securely attached to the frame when tested to therequirements of 6.2 and 6.3. All tests shall be conducted atambient temperatures (nominally 68 6 5F (20 6 3C).5.3 Materials used in any pad cover, frame padding, coverattachments

25、, tie down(s), and pad seams normally exposed tosunlight shall be made from ultraviolet (UV) resistant materi-als.5.4 Except for necessary seams, the frame padding, whererequired, shall cover the entire top surface of the frame and bewide enough to completely cover the entire top surface of thesuspe

26、nsion system and frame when subjected to the testsspecified in 6.2.5.5 The frame padding shall be of a color which contrastswith the color of the trampoline bed.5.6 Height of the bed from the ground or floor shall besufficient to prevent the bed from contacting the ground or floorwhile bouncing when

27、 tested to the requirements of 6.6.5.7 The trampoline shall be designed such that no part of theframe or legs can be contacted by the bed while bouncing.5.8 All information, instructions, and warnings shall beprovided in English in addition to any other formats used, forexample, graphical, video, mu

28、ltilingual, etc.5.9 When installed in accordance with the manufacturersinstructions, fasteners, lock washers, self-locking nuts, or otherlocking means shall be provided for all nuts and bolts to protectthem from unintentional loosening; self-locking nuts must fullyengage with the bolt. Hardware in m

29、oving joints shall also besecured against unintentional loosening. Any other fasteningsystems shall comply with the requirement that effectivelocking requires two separate and distinct motions for release.5.10 There shall be no accessible sharp points or edges onfasteners. A cut-off bolt end project

30、ing beyond the face of thenut shall be free of burrs, sharp points, and sharp edges. Anaccessible bolt end shall not extend more than two full threadsbeyond the face of a nut. No protruding screw or nut and boltassembly shall have the potential to cause injury during normaluse of the trampoline.5.11

31、 All fasteners shall be corrosion resistant to a levelwhere no rust is evident after a 24-h salt spray test to PracticeB117.5.12 No welds shall be made to any steel frame or accessorycomponent with a thickness of less than 0.059 in. (1.5 mm).5.13 No “saddle” welds shall be made to any steel frame or

32、accessory component with a thickness of less than 0.071 in.(1.8 mm). An example of a saddle-welded tee fitting is shownin Fig. 1.5.14 All welded joints shall be rendered corrosion resistantto a level where no rust is evident after a 24-h salt spray test toPractice B117.5.15 Welds should appear fit f

33、or purpose with good fusion.5.16 No component shall be capable of presenting a hazardof impalement above the bed surface, during foreseeable use orlikely abuse.5.17 There shall be no accessible burrs, sharp points, orsharp edges on tubing. Suitable end caps may meet thisrequirement.6. Performance Re

34、quirements6.1 Shock AttenuationWhere padding is required, theshock-attenuating material used in the frame padding, asF381092measured to include the frame and a minimum of 2 in. from theinside edge of the frame, shall limit the severity index to lessthan 450, when the same thickness as used in the fr

35、amepadding is tested in accordance with Test Method F 355 usinga 20-lb (9-kg), 20-in.2(129-cm2) round, flat head dropped froma distance of 2 ft (61 cm).6.1.1 Where padding is not required, the shock attenuatingproperties of any part of the trampoline edge shall limit theseverity index to less than 4

36、50, when tested on a fullyassembled trampoline in accordance with Test Method F 355using a 20-lb (9-kg), 20-in.2(129 cm2) round, flat headdropped from a distance of 2 ft (61 cm).6.2 Drop TestA drop test will be performed on the framepadding attached to a trampoline and assembled in accordancewith th

37、e manufacturers instructions. The drop test shall use theequipment and procedures described in 6.2.5 and 6.2.6.Asaresult of the test:6.2.1 The impactor shall not tear the cover or completelypenetrate the padding;6.2.2 Seams of the padding shall not separate;6.2.3 The pad attachments shall not separa

38、te from the pad orframe; and6.2.4 The padding shall continue to cover the frame,springs, and frame hardware when the impactor is removedfrom the surface of the padding.6.2.5 Drop Test Weight and Impactor ShapeThe dropweight will consist of a 23-kg (50-lb) mass with a woodenimpacting surface. See Fig

39、. 2. The edges of the impact surfaceare radiused and the heel and toe of the surface are contouredas shown in Fig. 2.6.2.6 Drop Test ProcedureThe impactor shall be droppedin a guided free-fall to contact the surface of the padding. Thesurface of the impactor shall be flat and parallel (within 5) tot

40、he surface of the padding on the initial contact with the pad.The impactor shall be dropped on the portion of the paddingcovering the springs. The impactor shall be centered to impactat a location midway between the inner edge of the frame railand the edge of the trampoline bed. The impactor shall b

41、eraised to a height of 12 in. (tolerance -0/+5 in.) (305 mm-0/+13 mm) above the surface of the padding. The impactorshall be dropped at a minimum of two times near each of thefollowing locations, consistent with the required spacing cen-tered between the springs:6.2.6.1 Midway between attachment poi

42、nts,6.2.6.2 Adjacent to an attachment point,6.2.6.3 At a pad seam, and6.2.6.4 Above a leg.6.2.7 After the first impact, the impactor shall be raised toits initial drop height. The results of the test with regard to padintegrity and coverage will be assessed. The padding shall notbe disturbed after r

43、emoval of the impactor. The impactor isdropped a second time and the results recorded.6.3 Padding Attachment System TestsThe test describedin 6.3.1 is intended to measure the ability of the paddingattachment system to keep the frame pad in place whensubjected to typical forces imposed by users. The

44、test in 6.3.1simulates a user climbing onto the trampoline by holding on tothe edge of the padding and climbing onto the bed of thetrampoline. The test is conducted on a fully assembled tram-poline with padding attached, according to the manufacturersinstructions.6.3.1 Padding Retention:6.3.1.1 Secu

45、re the fully assembled trampoline to the floor orbrace it to prevent movement of the trampoline as a result ofthe applied forces.FIG. 1 Saddle Welded Tee FittingF3810936.3.1.2 Place the trampoline pad pull fixture shown in Fig. 3with the fixture hooks facing down on the trampoline pad. Thefixture ho

46、ok opening may be either of fixed thickness, adjust-able to the padding thickness, or V-shaped.6.3.1.3 Fixed thickness hooks shall be the thickness of thepadding 618 in. (63 mm). Adjustable fixture hooks shall beadjusted to the thickness of the pad. Adjustable hooks shall beadjusted to the thickness

47、 of the padding 618 in. (63 mm).V-shaped hooks shall not compress the padding thickness morethan18 in. (3 mm).6.3.1.4 Attach the fixture to the pad. Grasp the insidediameter edge of the frame pad as shown in Fig. 4.6.3.1.5 Using the outboard hook of the fixture, graduallyapply a horizontal force of

48、85 6 5 lbf (380 6 20 N) parallel tothe plane of the mat and radially outward from the center of thetrampoline. Apply the force at each of three locations shown inFig. 4 such that: (1) a pad attachment tie down is centeredbetween the fixture arms, (2) the fixture is centered betweenadjacent pad attac

49、hment tie downs, and (3) a pad seam iscentered between the fixture arms6.3.1.6 Immediately release the force after it reaches 85 lbf(380 N). Repeat the force application two additional times atthe same location. After the third application of the force,release the force and remove the fixture without adjusting theposition of the pad.6.3.1.7 The padding attachment system passes this test ifafter removal of the force and test fixture:(1) The padding continues to cover the trampolines frame,springs, and associated hardware,(2) The pad attachment is n