1、Designation: E501 08 (Reapproved 2015)Standard Specification forStandard Rib Tire for Pavement Skid-Resistance Tests1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E501; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year
2、 of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the general requirements forthe standard rib tire for pavement skid-resistance testing.
3、Thetire covered by this specification is for use in evaluation oftire-pavement friction.1.2 The terminology in this specification is consistent withTerminology E867.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to
4、 SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D297 Test Methods for Rubber ProductsChemical Analy-sisD412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplas-tic ElastomersTensionD1054 Test Method for Rubber PropertyResilienc
5、e Usinga Goodyear-Healey Rebound Pendulum (Withdrawn2010)3D1765 Classification System for Carbon Blacks Used inRubber ProductsD2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometer Hard-nessD3182 Practice for RubberMaterials, Equipment, and Pro-cedures for Mixing Standard Compounds and PreparingStandard Vul
6、canized SheetsE867 Terminology Relating to Vehicle-Pavement Systems3. Materials and Manufacture3.1 The individual standard tires shall conform to the designstandards of Section 5. Dimensions, weights, and permissiblevariations are given in Section 6 and in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.3.2 Tread compounding, fa
7、bric processing, and all steps intire manufacturing shall be certified to ensure that the specifi-cations are met.3.3 A small raised guideline shall be molded on the tireshoulder area to provide a rapid visual check as to whether themaximum wear level for testing has been reached. Tires shouldactual
8、ly be removed from service as recommended in 11.5. Themarking on the tire, as suggested in Fig. 1, and curb ribs shallbe molded on both sides of the tire.3.4 Fig. 1 is a photograph of the standard tire, and Fig. 2 isa cross section of a typical tire.43.5 Tire should be mounted so that it is rotated
9、in thedirection of the arrow on the side of the tire. See Fig. 1.4. Material Requirements4.1 The compounding requirements for the tread compoundare given in Table 1.4.2 FabricThe fabric shall be polyester body or carcassplies and fiber glass belt plies.NOTE 1Certain proprietary products have been sp
10、ecified since exactduplication of properties of the finished tire may not be achieved withother similar products. This inclusion does not in any way comprise arecommendation for these proprietary products nor against similar prod-ucts of other manufacturers, nor does it imply any superiority over an
11、ysuch similar products.5. Physical Requirements5.1 The physical and mechanical test requirements are givenin Table 2.6. Dimensions, Weights, and Permissible Variations6.1 GeneralDetails of dimensions are listed as followsand are shown in Fig. 2. When tolerances are not specified, tiredimensions are
12、subject to manufacturers normal tolerances.1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E17 on Vehicle- Pavement Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E17.24 on Tireand Slider Characteristics.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2015. Published December 2015. Origin
13、allyapproved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as E501 08. DOI:10.1520/E050108R152For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Documen
14、t Summary page onthe ASTM website. DOI: 10.1520/E0501-08.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4ASTM E501 tire is available from Specialty Tires of America, P.O. Box 749,1600 Washington St., Indiana, PA 15701.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor
15、 Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States16.1.1 ConstructionThe tire shall be a size G78-15 tubelesstype, belted bias construction (two body plies plus two beltplies). The tread width shall be 5.85 in. (148.6 mm) and thecross-sectional tread radius shall be 15.50 6 2.0 in.
16、 (393.7650.8 mm). The tire shall have a recommended cross-sectionwidth of 8.35 in. (212.1 mm) and a recommended sectionheight of 6.34 in. (161.0 mm) when mounted on a Tire and RimMarking on TireG7815Standard Pavement Test TireNot for General Highway UseASTM Designation: E501Manufacturers Name or Tra
17、demarkRim: 15x6JJFIG. 1 Test TireFIG. 2 Tire Section, Including Inflated Tire DimensionsE501 08 (2015)2Association 15 by 6JJ rim. The cured crown angles shall be 336 2 for the body plies, and 27 6 2 for the belt plies.6.1.2 RibsThe tire shall have seven plain ribs of 0.66 in.(16.8 mm) width each. Bo
18、th sides of the shoulder ribs shall beparallel from the tread surface down to a depth equal to thewear guideline.6.1.3 GroovesThe tire shall have six straight grooves of0.20 in. (5.08 mm) width each. Each groove shall be parallel tothe radius of the tread-radius arc and shall have a full radius atth
19、e bottom of the groove. Each groove shall have a uniformskid depth of 0.385 in. (9.8 mm) maximum and shall have anunder-tread thickness of 0.10 in. (2.5 mm).6.1.4 Wear IndicatorsThere shall be six rows of treadwear indicators spaced uniformly around the tire circumferenceand directly across the full
20、 tread width in all six grooves. Thesetread wear indicators shall be 0.063 in. (1.6 mm) deep andapproximately 0.50 in. (12.7 mm) long.Avisual wear guidelineshall be located on the shoulder of the tire 0.22 in. (5.6 mm)from the tread surface as shown in Fig. 2.7. Workmanship7.1 Tires shall be free of
21、 defects in workmanship andmaterial.8. Test Methods8.1 Tensile Sheet CurePractice D3182.8.2 Modulus (300 %)Test Methods D412.8.3 Tensile Sheet DurometerTest Method D2240, using aType A Shore durometer.8.4 Restored Energy (Rebound or Resilience)Test MethodD1054.8.5 Specific GravityTest Methods D297.8
22、.6 Tensile StrengthTest Methods D412.8.7 ElongationTest Methods D412.8.8 Tire Tread DurometerTest Method D2240, in additionto the following specific procedures:8.8.1 Use a Type A durometer. (A 0.5-in. (12.7-mm) diam-eter presser foot, Shore, code XAHAF is recommended.)8.8.2 The durometer shall be ca
23、librated at a reading of 60hardness.8.8.3 Condition the tire and durometer to equilibrium at73.4 6 3.6F (23 6 2C) before determining tread hardness.8.8.4 The tire tread hardness is to be determined by aver-aging at least one set of six readings. A set is one reading takenin the center of each rib, e
24、xcluding the center rib. It isrecommended that additional sets of readings be taken aroundthe tread circumference.8.8.5 Apply presser foot to the tire tread as rapidly aspossible without shock, keeping the foot parallel to the treadsurface. Apply just sufficient pressure to obtain firm contactbetwee
25、n presser foot and tire tread surface. Read the durometerscale within 1 s after presser foot is in contact with the tiretread, but after initial maximum transient which may occurimmediately after contact is made.9. Certification9.1 Tires are to be inflated and measured prior to shipment.Upon request
26、, the manufacturer shall furnish the purchasercertification that the test tire meets this specification.9.2 All tires under certification shall be subject to themanufacturers normal variation.10. Packaging and Preservation10.1 The tires should be kept dry under ordinary atmo-spheric conditions in su
27、bdued light, 70 6 25F (21 6 13.8C).Tires should not be stored near electric motors, welders, orother ozone generating equipment.11. Recommendations for Tire Use and OperationalRequirements11.1 The tire is for skid testing only and is not designed forgeneral highway service. Necessary transport of te
28、st equipmentshould be on commercial tires.11.2 A new tire break-in of 200 miles (320 km) minimumshould be made on tires by the purchaser before using the tirefor testing.11.3 The tire shall be operated with not less than 24 psi (165kPa) inflation.11.4 The recommended static test load on the tire sha
29、ll be1085 lbf (4826 N), with loading to a maximum of 1380 lbf(6138 N) permissible, at 24 psi (165 kPa) inflation.11.5 When irregular wear or damage results from tests orwhen the remaining groove depth in any groove is 0.165 in.(4.2 mm) or less, the use of the tire as a standard test tire shallbe dis
30、continued.11.6 CautionMeasured friction force and skid number(SN) may be influenced by tire groove depth, or tread hardness,TABLE 1 Compounding of Tread RubberAMaterial PPHRSBR 1712B89.38BR 1208C35.00Zinc oxide 3.00Stearic acid 2.00Paraffin wax 2.00N339D75.006PPDE2.00High aromatic oil 22.12TBBSF1.10
31、DPGG0.10Sulfur 1.80ASee Practice D3182.BStyrene-butadiene rubber (23.5 % styrene) 37.5 parts of high-aromatic oil.CHigh cis-polybutadiene.DN339 Carbon Black, see Classification D1765.EDimethyl butylphenyl phenylenediamine.FButyl benzothiazole sulfenamide.GDiphenyl guanidine.TABLE 2 Physical Properti
32、es of Tread CompoundTensile Sheet Cure, min. at 302F (150C) 30300 % modulus, psi (Test Methods D412) 1000 200Specific gravity (Test Methods D297) 1.13 0.02Tensile strength, min psi (Test Methods D412) 2000Elongation, min % (Test Methods D412) 500Tire tread durometer (Test Method D2240) 582E501 08 (2
33、015)3or both. The magnitude of this dependence is a function of thewater depth, pavement characteristics, test speed, and tireaging effects.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this
34、standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years
35、 andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committe
36、e, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-
37、2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 08 (2015)4
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