1、Designation: E 605 93 (Reapproved 2006)Standard Test Methods forThickness and Density of Sprayed Fire-Resistive Material(SFRM) Applied to Structural Members1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 605; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adopt
2、ion or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1.
3、Scope1.1 These test methods cover procedures for determiningthickness and density of sprayed fire-resistive material (SFRM)used in structural assemblies. These include sprayed fiber andcementitious types. The test methods are applicable to bothlaboratory and field procedures, as indicated in Section
4、 7.1.2 These test methods require the application of SFRM inaccordance with the manufacturers published instructions.The apparatus, materials, and procedure used to apply theSFRM for laboratory tests shall be the same as is used for theconstruction of either of the test assemblies described in TestM
5、ethods E 119 and E 84.1.3 There is no intent in these test methods to establishlevels of performance.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, i
6、f any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteri
7、stics ofBuilding MaterialsE119 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Constructionand MaterialsE 631 Terminology of Building Constructions3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms found in these testmethods, refer to Terminology E 631.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3
8、.2.1 density, nthe weight3per unit volume of the SFRM.3.2.2 sprayed fire-resistive materials, n materials that aresprayed onto substrates to provide fire-resistive protection ofthe substrates.3.2.3 thickness, nthe distance measured from the sub-strate sprayed with the SFRM, through the SFRM, to the
9、outersurface of the SFRM.4. Summary of Test Methods4.1 The basic properties of density and thickness are deter-mined using a thickness gage, scales, steel rules, and templates.5. Significance and Use5.1 Certain properties, namely thickness and density, ofSFRM are basic. It is the intent of these tes
10、t methods to provideprocedures to determine these properties.6. Apparatus6.1 Steel Rule, graduated in at least 1 mm (116 in.) intervals.6.2 Thickness Gage, consisting of a needle or a pin and asliding disk perpendicular to the needle (see Fig. 1). The pinshall be of sufficient length for the thickne
11、ss of the material tobe measured. This gage shall be graduated in 1 mm (116 in.)intervals. This disk shall be perpendicular to the needle at alltimes and shall have a friction device to grip the pin unlesspurposely moved. The disk diameter shall be a minimum of 22mm (78 in.) and a maximum of 30 mm (
12、118 in.), to permitcontact with the surface of the specimen to be measured. Formaterials not readily penetrated by the depth gage, see 8.1.2.1and Note 2.6.3 Scales of sufficient capacity and sensitivity to weighthe test specimen to an accuracy of at least 0.1 g.1These test methods are under the juri
13、sdiction of ASTM Committee E06 onPerformance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.21on Serviceability.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2006. Published January 2006. Originallyapproved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as E 605 - 93 (2000).2For referenced AS
14、TM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Although mass is determined, the term weight is used in these test methods asa
15、 field-accepted substitute.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6.4 Rectangular Template of predetermined length andwidth having a minimum area of 310 cm2(48 in.2). Nodimension shall be less than 76 mm (3 in.).6.5 Knife, o
16、r other suitable device for cutting the specimen.6.6 Drying Oven, or other device capable of maintainingtemperature and humidity conditions during the specimencuring cycle, in accordance with the SFRM manufacturersrequirements. (See Section 7.2.)6.7 Unexpanded Polystyrene Beads , 500 mLDesignationC
17、Bead with a nominal diameter of 1.0 mm (0.04 in.)(preferred) or lead shotsize #8 (alternate).6.8 Graduated Cylinders, two 250 cm3.6.9 FunnelPolypropylene funnel having a top diameter of150 mm (6 in.) and a bottom diameter of 28 mm (1.1 in.).6.10 Beaker, 400 mL smooth wall type.6.11 Screed, minimum 1
18、50 mm (6 in.) long rigid straightedge.6.12 PanTwo flat pans minimum 150 mm (6 in.) diameterwith minimum 150 mm high rim.7. Test Specimen7.1 Laboratory Tests:7.1.1 The test specimens shall be SFRM applied to 1.5 mm(0.06 in. (16 ga.), 400 by 400 mm (16 by 16 in.) bare orgalvanized steel plates.7.1.2 T
19、he specimens shall be conditioned for a period of notless than 72 h at room temperature, 20 6 5C (686 9F) anda relative humidity not greater than 60 %, until successiveweight readings, taken at 24 h intervals, differ by less than 1 %.7.2 Field Tests:7.2.1 As an alternate to 7.1.2, the specimens shal
20、l be forcedried at a temperature of 43 6 6C (109 6 10F) and arelative humidity not greater than 60 % until successive read-ings, taken at 8 h intervals, differ by less than 1 %.8. Procedure8.1 Thickness:8.1.1 Selected areas to be measured for thickness shall be apredetermined, repetitive pattern to
21、ensure obtaining represen-tative average thickness.8.1.2 Determine the thickness by inserting the penetratingpin of the thickness gage perpendicular to and through theSFRM, to the substrate. When the point of the pin touches thesubstrate, move the sliding disk to the SFRM surface withsufficient forc
22、e on the disk to register the average plane of thesurface. Withdraw the gage to read the thickness in 1 mm (116in.) increments as shown by the position of the sliding clipindicator.8.1.2.1 For the purpose of averaging measurements, anymeasurement 6 mm (14 in.) or more, over the required designthickn
23、ess, shall be recorded as the design thickness plus 6 mm.No individual measured thickness shall be more than 6 mmless, or more than 25 % less, than the required design thick-ness.NOTE 1Specific fire resistance rating criteria for beams, trusses, andcolumns may allow for a reduced thickness on flange
24、 tips. Thesethicknesses are to be averaged apart from other sections of the structuralmember. Also, some fire rating assemblies have different thicknessrequirements for crests and valleys of floor decks and should be averagedapart.NOTE 2Medium and high density SFRM may be too hard to test forthickne
25、ss by standard procedure. It is recommended to check thicknessesimmediately after application, and before curing.The applicator shall adjust the thickness of the freshly applied SFRM toyield thickness after cure, in accordance with the SFRM manufacturersrecommendations.If the product is cured and to
26、o hard to insert the thickness gage, drillsmall diameter holes into the product just large enough to accommodatethe thickness gage pin. The thickness gage is then inserted into these holesand thickness is determined by the standard procedure. These holes are tobe closed off immediately following the
27、 test using the same SFRM.8.1.3 Conducting Thickness TestingOne bay per floor orone bay for each 10 000 ft2, whichever provides the greaternumber of tests. Thickness determinations for the followingstructural elements shall be conducted in each randomlyselected bay: one selected area of metal deck,
28、concrete slab, orwall section; one column; and one beam (joist or truss).NOTE 3The applicable building code governs. Consult the applicablebuilding code for exact requirements and tolerances.8.1.4 Tests for the Deck and Wall Section:8.1.4.1 Flat DecksIn the preselected area, lay out a 300mm (12 in.)
29、 square. Take four random symmetrical measure-ments within that square and report as an average. (See Note1.)8.1.4.2 Fluted DecksIn the preselected area, lay out a 300mm (12 in.) square. Take four random symmetrical measure-ments within that square, one each of the following: valley,crest, and sides
30、, and report as an average. (See Note 1.)8.1.5 Test for Beams, Joists (Trusses), and Columns:FIG. 1 Thickness GageE 605 93 (2006)28.1.5.1 BeamsFor each preselected beam, lay out one 300mm (12 in.) length and take nine thickness measurements (seeFig. 2) at each end of the 300 mm length (see Fig. 3).
31、(SeeNotes 1 and 2.)8.1.5.2 Joists (Trusses)For each preselected joist (truss),lay out one 300 mm (12 in.) length and take seven thicknessmeasurements (see Fig. 4) at each end of the 300 mm length(see Fig. 5). (See Notes 1 and 2.)8.1.5.3 ColumnsFor each preselected column, lay out one300 mm (12 in.)
32、length and take twelve thickness measure-ments (see Fig. 6) at each end of the 300 mm length (see Fig.7). (See Notes 1 and 2.)8.1.5.4 Beams, Joists (Trusses), and ColumnsAverage,separately, the 18 thickness measurements for the beams, the14 thickness measurements for the joists (trusses), and the 24
33、thickness measurements for the columns. (A sample data sheetis shown in Fig. 8.) (See Notes 1 and 2.)8.1.6 Thickness DeficiencyAn item (deck, column, beam,or joist) is deficient if:8.1.6.1 An individual measured thickness is more than 6mm (14 in.) less, or more than 25 % less, than the required fire
34、resistance design thickness. (See Note 3.)8.1.6.2 The calculated average thickness of the SFRM isless than that required by the design.NOTE 4A thickness to density correction formula is contained incertain fire resistance rating criteria or is available from some SFRMmanufacturers. Consult the ratin
35、g criteria and the SFRM manufacturer forspecific information before citing for deficiency.NOTE 5If an item is deficient, then only that specific item fails. Theremaining items in the bay, and like items in other areas of the building,shall not be deemed to have failed solely because the tested item
36、hasfailed. (See 8.1.7.)8.1.7 Procedure in Case of Deficiency If an item isdeficient, then it shall be corrected and retested, along withanother of that specific item (that is, another column, if acolumn has failed, and so forth) selected at random.8.2 Density:8.2.1 Conduct one density test at random
37、 on each of thefollowing protected elements, per floor or per every 930m2(10 000 ft2), whichever provides the greatest number oftests: the flat portion of the deck; a beam, either the bottom ofthe beam lower flange or the beam web; and a column, eitherthe column web or the outside of one of the colu
38、mn flanges.8.2.1.1 When density falls between the minimum averageand minimum individual values of the fire resistance design, asimilar, randomly selected element in the same area shall betested. If the average density of the two elements is then met,the area passes. If the average is not met, then t
39、hose elementsin that area must be corrected.8.2.2 Length and WidthScore the specimen around theperimeter of the template.8.2.3 ThicknessUtilizing the procedure described in 7.1,take a minimum of twelve thickness measurements, symmetri-cally. Determine thickness measurements prior to the removalof SF
40、RM. Consider the average of these twelve measurementsto be the thickness of the specimen.8.2.4 Weight3Cut the specimen through to the substrate,along the perimeter of the template. Carefully remove all of thein-place material from the substrate and cure in accordancewith 7.2.8.2.5 Calculation of Den
41、sityCalculate density as follows:D 5Wl 3 w 3 t(1)FIG. 2 Test Locations for Measuring Thickness of Fire-ResistiveMaterials on BeamsNOTETake nine measurements at each end of 12 in. length.FIG. 3 BeamFIG. 4 Test Locations for Measuring Thickness of Fire-ResistiveMaterials on Joists (Trusses)NOTETake 7
42、measurements at each end of 12 in. length.FIG. 5 JoistE 605 93 (2006)3where:D = density, kg/m3(lb/ft3),W = constant weight of dried material, kg (lb),l = length of the specimen, m (ft),w = width of the specimen, m (ft), andt = average thickness of the specimen, m (ft).8.3 Displacement Method:8.3.1 T
43、his is an alternative method to 8.2 for determiningthe in-place density of specimens with irregular surfaces ordimensions or for specimens that are difficult to remove fromthe substrate.8.3.2 The minimum sample size recommended is 131cm3(8 in.3).8.3.3 The sample shall be cut to a uniform size, remov
44、ing alluneven edges.8.3.4 Cure the specimen in accordance with 7.1.2 or 7.2.8.3.5 Determine weight.8.3.6 Volume Determination:8.3.6.1 Place the empty 400 mL beaker in the center of theflat pan and pour the unexpanded polystyrene beads or shotthrough the funnel until the excess beads (shot) fall over
45、 therim of the beaker.8.3.6.2 Hold the screed perpendicular to the rim of thebeaker. Begin at the edge opposite the spout and screed off theexcess beads (shot). One pass is all that is needed.8.3.6.3 Discard the overflow that collects in the pan.8.3.6.4 Pour all the beads (shot) remaining in the bea
46、ker intothe graduated cylinders.8.3.6.5 Return the empty beaker into the center of the panand pour about 100 mL of beads (shot) poured from thegraduated cylinder(s) into the beaker. Do not shake the beakerin any way.8.3.6.6 Place the sample to be tested in the center of thebeaker making sure no edge
47、 touches the side of the glass.Gently twist the sample if required.8.3.6.7 Pour the remainder of the beads from the graduatedcylinders over the sample, letting the excess beads (shot) flowover the top of the beaker into the pan. Do not leave any beads(shot) in the graduated cylinders.8.3.6.8 Screed
48、the excess beads (shot) off the top of thebeaker (8.3.6.1) and remove the beaker from the pan.8.3.6.9 Using the funnel, pour the beads (shot) collected inthe pan into the empty graduated cylinder and read the volumedisplaced by the sample. Do not tap or shake the graduatedcylinder when reading.8.3.7
49、 Calculation of DensityCalculate density as follows:D 5W 3 62.43V(2)where:D = density in lb/ft3,W = constant weight of dried material, g, andV = volume of sample dried in cm3(equal to the volumeof beads displaced by the sample).8.4 Density Deficiency:8.4.1 An item (deck, column, beam, or joist) is deficient if:8.4.1.1 An individual density is less than that allowed in thefire resistance design.8.4.1.2 The calculated average density of the SFRM is lessthan that allowed by the respective fire resistance design. (SeeNotes 4 and 5.)8.4.2 Pr
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