ASTM F1015-2003(2009) Standard Test Method for Relative Abrasiveness of Synthetic Turf Playing Surfaces《人工草坪运动场表面相对耐磨性的标准试验方法》.pdf

1、Designation: F 1015 03 (Reapproved 2009)An American National StandardStandard Test Method forRelative Abrasiveness of Synthetic Turf Playing Surfaces1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1015; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or

2、, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method is applicable to both laboratory andfield measurement of synth

3、etic turf surfaces used for sports.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the use

4、r of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 421 Test Method for Tumbling Friability of PreformedBlock-Type and Preformed Pipe-Covering-Type ThermalInsulat

5、ionE 105 Practice for Probability Sampling Of MaterialsE 122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,With Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristicof a Lot or ProcessF 355 Test Method for Shock-Absorbing Properties of Play-ing Surface Systems and Materials3. Terminology3.1 Defin

6、itions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 synthetic turf playing surfacea man-made playingsurface incorporating artificial grass-like fibers.3.1.2 abrasivenessthat property of a synthetic turf whichcauses material in moving contact with the turf surface to wearaway.3.1.3 abrasiveness indexa nu

7、mber equal to the weight lostin grams per foot of travel of a standard weighted friable foamset multiplied by 100, when the foam is pulled through acomplete 1.8-m (6-ft) test cycle.3.1.4 foam friability indexa number equal to the percentmass loss of foam when tested in accordance with theProcedure s

8、ection of Test Method C 421.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 Friable foam blocks are attached to a weighted platformwhich is pulled over the playing surface in a prescribedmanner. The weight of foam abraded away determines therelative abrasiveness of the surface.5. Significance and Use5.1 Data obtained

9、from the procedure of this test method areindicative of the relative abrasiveness of fabric or carpet typesynthetic playing surfaces.6. Apparatus6.1 Abrasiveness Test PlatformA test platform is used tosupport the load on the friable foam material. The platformshall consist of a 20.3 by 20.3 cm (8.00

10、 by 8.00 in.) square of0.635-cm thick (0.25 in.) aluminum. Holes 0.635 cm indiameter shall be centered 0.635 cm from the midpoint of eachedge to permit attachment of a suitable hook for pulling. Foamretaining strips,14 in. high by12 in. wide, defining 2 by 2-in.squares, are attached at each corner (

11、Fig. 1). The completedplatform should weigh 931 6 28 g.6.2 Test WeightA flat-head (9.072-kg (20.00-lb) missileas used in Test Method F 355, Procedure A, can be used as atest weight. A suitable alternative weight is a steel cylinderabout 15.2 cm (6.00 in.) in diameter and about 6.35 cm (2.50in.) in h

12、eight. The test weight is to be within 56 g (2 oz) of itsspecified weight.6.3 Pull Cable and Direction Changing PulleyAdirectionchanging pulley attached to an operator foot restraint may beused to facilitate moving the loaded platform across the surfacewhile keeping the pull cable parallel to the su

13、rface. The pullcable must not stretch under tension and must be equipped witha method of determining the distance pulled. For example,1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on SportsEquipment and Facilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F08.65 onArtifici

14、al Turf Surfaces and Systems.Current edition approved July 1, 2009. Published August 2009. Originallyapproved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as F 1015 03.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Ann

15、ual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.mechanical stops on either side of the direction changingpulley can be set

16、to give the 45.7-cm (18-in.) pull length.7. Test Foam37.1 The friable foam blocks used as the test material shall berigid closed-cell isocyanurate foam having a bulk density of0.0312 6 0.0008 g/cm3(1.95 6 0.05 lb/ft3). In addition, the testfoam must have a mass loss of 40 6 2 % as measured by TestMe

17、thod C 421. Test blocks must be cut to 5.08 by 5.08 by 2.54cm, 0.13 cm (2.00 by 2.00 by 1.00 in., 0.05 in.).8. Test Specimen8.1 Test specimens shall be representative of the playingsurface being evaluated. Fabrics used over a shock-absorbingpad should be tested after bonding to that underpad.8.2 In

18、the case of field evaluation abrasiveness, measure-ments should be made in representative areas of the field orspecific area of interest.9. Number of Specimens9.1 At least five specimens shall be tested and may berequired. In the case of field evaluation, five tests shall beperformed, and may be req

19、uired, in the area of interest or overthe entire playing surface depending on the intended data use.9.2 The sampling procedures of Recommended PracticesE 105 and E 122 should be followed and may be required.10. Sample Conditioning10.1 Field samples shall be under the intended use condi-tion, althoug

20、h loose debris shall be removed prior to testing.10.2 Laboratory SamplesNew samples should be washedwith detergent and water to remove any processing finish.These specimens shall be dried at laboratory conditions untilmoisture equilibrium is established. Other laboratory samplesshall be precondition

21、ed at 65 6 2 % relative humidity and 216 1C (70 6 2F) for a minimum of 4 h. Samples evaluated atconditions other than that of the laboratory must be testedimmediately after a minimum of 4 h conditioning.10.3 Condition test blocks in the laboratory for at least 4 hbefore use at 65 % relative humidity

22、 and 21 6 1C (70 6 2F).11. Procedure11.1 Preweigh conditioned sets of four test blocks cut to5.08 by 5.08 by 2.54 cm 6 0.13 cm (2.00 by 2.00 by 1.00 in.6 0.05 in.), within 60.05 g.11.2 Place a set of four blocks in the test frame. The blockscan be secured using double-stick carpet tape. Position the

23、 testframe such that it can be pulled with, against, or across thefabric machine direction. Center the 9.072-kg (20-lb) testweight on the test frame and attach the pull cable hook.3The sole source of supply of the test foam known to the committee at this timeis American Micro Industries, Inc., 440 R

24、amsey Ave., Chambersburg, PA 17201,. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, pleaseprovide this information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments willreceive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend.FIG. 1 Test FixtureF 1015 03 (2

25、009)211.3 Pull the loaded frame 45.7 cm (18.0 in.) in eachprimary surface direction (with, across, against, across, forexample), in succession without lifting the test frame so as tooutline a “square” on the surface. The test rate is not critical,but the time to travel each 45.7 cm (18-in.) side mus

26、t bebetween 8 and 12 s.11.4 Note any deviations in rate, how smoothly the testframe could be pulled, and any deviation from a square pattern.11.5 Carefully remove and store the test blocks for weigh-ing.11.6 Repeat the test procedure as required in 9.1 and 9.2.11.7 Record the general condition of th

27、e surface; whethermatted, clean, worn, etc. Temperature, humidity (or wet/dry)should also be noted.12. Calculation12.1 Abrasiveness IndexDetermine the weight loss foreach set of four blocks in grams. Divide the weight lossexpressed in grams by 6.0 and multiply by 100 to determine theabrasiveness ind

28、ex. Average the specimen values and expressthe result as an integer.12.2 ExampleIn four block sets:Starting Weight,gFinal Weight,gAbrasivenessIndex7.60 5.30 38.37.69 5.39 38.37.70 5.55 35.8Average 37.5For the first set of four blocks:Abrasiveness Index 57.60 2 5.30!6.03 100 5 38.3Abrasiveness Index

29、5 37.513. Report13.1 Report the following information:13.1.1 Complete identification of the specimens tested andthe test foam. The reference fabric used should also beidentified.13.1.2 Conditions of test, including surface temperature,humidity, and any other pertinent data.13.1.3 Date of test.13.1.4

30、 Procedure used.13.1.5 Description of surface, such as new, washed, matted,swept clean, or wet.13.1.6 Average value for each procedure, standard devia-tion, and number of samples.14. Discussion14.1 With regard to precision, the reproducibility is esti-mated to be 610 %.14.2 Potential sources of erro

31、r or deviations are as follows;14.2.1 Variations in density, material, compressive strength,or cell properties of the friable test foam.14.2.2 Variations in path of friable test foam.14.2.3 Path deviationSince the weighted foam is notconstrained to move in a straight path as it is pulled in aprincip

32、al direction, it will tend to drift somewhat in thedirection of pile angle. The deviation of the abrasion patternleft on the surface from a square reflects the directionality ofthe surface.15. Precision and Bias15.1 Precision and bias evaluations have not been con-ducted for this test method. When s

33、uch data is available, aprecision and bias section will be added.16. Keywords16.1 abrasiveness; abrasiveness index; playing surfaces;relative abrasiveness; synthetic turfAPPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTSX1.1 ASTM Standards:C 303 Test Method for Density of Preformed Block-Typ

34、eThermal Insulation2D 1776 Practice for Conditioning Textiles for Testing2ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity

35、of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments

36、are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not r

37、eceived a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).F 1015 03 (2009)3