1、Designation: F 1051 00 (Reapproved 2004)Standard Test Method forComparing Multistrike Film Ribbons1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1051; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisio
2、n. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers information and techniques forevaluating several performance qualities of multistrike filmtypewriter/prin
3、ter ribbons on a comparative basis for generaloffice use. It is not intended for specialized applications such asoptical character recognition.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standar
4、d to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Note 10 for aspecific cautionary statement.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing TextilesD 3460 Specification for Whi
5、te Watermarked and Unwater-marked Bond, Mimeo, Spirit Duplicator, Reprographic,and Laser Printer Cut-Sized Office PapersF 221 Terminology Relating to Carbon Paper and InkedRibbon Products and Images Made TherefromF 425 Terminology Relating to Lithographic Copy Prod-ucts3F 497 Practice for Use of the
6、 Electric and Electronic Type-writer as a Test Instrument2.2 ANSI Standards:PH2.17 Density MeasurementsGeometric Conditions forReflection Density4PH2.18 Density MeasurementsSpectral Conditions43. Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, seeTerminology F 221 and F 425.4. Summ
7、ary of Test Method4.1 This test method consists of testing multistrike filmribbons under actual and simulated use conditions, employingprinters, automatic typewriters, or typewriters equipped with arobot device and several simulation techniques generallyaccepted in the inked ribbon industry. All sam
8、ple ribbons areconditioned and tested under identical conditions, so as toobtain comparative results.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method should be used to evaluate severalperformance qualities of multistrike film ribbons on a com-parative basis.5.2 This test method is suitable for comparativ
9、e serviceevaluation, research, and development. It may also be used formanufacturing control but only on a limited basis, due to timespan required for some of the procedures.5.3 This procedure consists of several tests that are used toevaluate different characteristics of multistrike ribbons. Theuse
10、r can choose any one of these, a series of tests, or all testsdepending on his needs and interests.6. Apparatus and Materials6.1 Electronic Typewriter or Printer, which has been con-ditioned and calibrated in accordance with Practice F 497,Sections 10 and 11.6.2 Reflectometer, meeting the geometric
11、conditions ofPH2.17 and the spectral conditions of PH2.18.6.3 Microdensitometer, equipped with a 0.008-in. apertureand grid pattern.6.4 Environmental Chamber, capable of maintaining 120 62.0F (49 6 1C) for 48 h at a relative humidity of 50 6 2%.6.5 Paper, in accordance with Specification D 3460, Typ
12、e I,Grade 4.6.6 Magnifier203 with measuring graduations.6.7 Control Multistrike Ribbon, of known quality and per-formance characteristics.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F05 on BusinessImaging Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F05.02 on InkedTrans
13、fer Imaging Products.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2004. Published December 2004.Originallyapproved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as F 1051 00.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Boo
14、k of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.4Available from American National Standards Institute, 25 W. 43rd St., 4thFloor, New York, NY 10036.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken,
15、PA 19428-2959, United States.6.8 Type font, which produces a printed image with a strokewidth that exceeds 0.008 in.6.9 Ink Rub Tester, with6.9.1 Polishing Cloth.7. Test Specimen7.1 The test specimen should be a ribbon or portion of aribbon, or both, which has not been used or handled. It isrecommen
16、ded that at least three wraps of ribbon be removed oradvanced to ensure that the test specimen is free of environ-mental contamination.NOTE 1If all procedures in Section 10 are to be performed, prepare alltest specimens at the same time.8. Identification8.1 For identification of test specimens, the
17、following isrecommended:8.1.1 Ribbon (name),8.1.2 Manufacturers name and address,8.1.3 Base material (substance and thickness),8.1.4 Color (shade etc.),8.1.5 Nominal length, width, and thickness,8.1.6 Core inside and outside diameter,8.1.7 Ribbon diameter,8.1.8 Leader material, seal, and length,8.1.
18、9 End of ribbon nature, seal, and length,8.1.10 Trailer material, seal, and length, and8.1.11 Package description (configuration, box, etc.).9. Conditioning9.1 Condition the test specimen and test paper in accordancewith Practice D 1776.10. Procedure10.1 WriteThis procedure is for the evaluation of
19、theribbon when used with an overstrike mode of operation. This isthe normal or intended use for the ribbon.10.1.1 Install the ribbon in a clean multistrike cartridgewhich is compatible with the typewriter or printer to be usedfor the test.10.1.2 Type five lines of ten capital Hs. (See Fig. 1.)Measur
20、e the visual reflection of the seventh H using amicrodensitometer with a 0.008-in. aperture using the follow-ing procedure.10.1.3 Measure the reflection of the left leg at the top,center, and bottom of the H. Average the three readings foreach line. Repeat this procedure for each of the five lines a
21、ndaverage the five readings calling the value D1.NOTE 2Do not include any area containing a void in the character.10.1.4 Repeat measurement of the right leg of the H andaverage the readings as described in 10.1.3. The resultingaverage is called D2.10.1.5 Calculation:Write variation, % 5D22 D13 100D1
22、(1)10.1.6 Rank samples based on write variation number.NOTE 3Lower is better.10.2 Void Test:10.2.1 Type 4 rows of 25 capital Ms on the sample sheet.Using the magnification of the microdensitometer or a separatemagnification device, count the number of characters whichhave voids or breaks that are 0.
23、004 by 0.004-in. or greater.Count only one void per character. Report the number of voids.10.2.2 Rank the samples by the number of voids.NOTE 4Lower is better.10.3 Extraneous Ink and Spatter:10.3.1 Type 4 rows of 25 lower case hs double-spaced atmaximum impression setting. Use a magnification device
24、 toview and count the number of spots 0.004 by 0.004-in. orgreater within the character field. Character field is defined bythe rectangle described by the outermost part of the printedcharacters. Count the number of characters which have spatter,not the number of spots.10.3.2 Rank the samples by the
25、 number of spots counted.NOTE 5Lower is better.10.4 Cover-up Correction Reflectance:10.4.1 Type four rows of ten asterisks (*) single-spaced, atnominal impact pressure. Then with the intended cover-uptape, cover up the inner asterisks of the block that was justtyped.10.4.2 Using the microdensitomete
26、r measure the centers ofeach of the covered-up asterisks and compute an averagereflectance.FIG. 1 Sample Test Pattern for Multistrike Film Ribbon TestingF 1051 00 (2004)210.4.3 Rank samples based upon the highest reflectionvalue.NOTE 6Higher is better.10.4.4 A visual comparison can also be used to d
27、ecidewhich cover-up material performs the best.10.5 Edge Definition:10.5.1 Type 50 capital Is in the multistrike mode of ribbonfeed. View them in the microdensitometer, measuring thepeak-to-valley distance on the left-hand side of the character.10.5.2 Count one defect for each character having anype
28、ak-to-valley distance exceeding 0.004 in. in the verticalportion of the character.10.5.3 Rank samples by the quantity of defects.NOTE 7Lower is better.10.6 Line SpreadUsing the 50 capital Is from the EdgeDefinition test in 10.5, determine average width of the verticalportion of the character by usin
29、g the microdensitometer.Measure five of the Is and compute the average print characterwidth. Measure actual character width (font width) of the Ifrom the type font. Compute line spread as a function ofaverage print character width minus the actual character widthdivided by the actual character width
30、 multiplied by 100.10.6.1 Line spread,% 5Avg print character width!2actual character width!Actual character width3 100(2)10.6.2 Rank samples by percent of line spread. Smaller isbetter.10.7 Smudge Test:10.7.1 Type 6 rows of Is with 30 characters in each row,single-spaced.10.7.2 Place the section of
31、paper, with the typed Is facingup, onto the metal base plate of the ink rub tester. The sectionshould be firmly held in place, directly under center of theswing of the weighted arm.10.7.3 Tape two 1 by 2-in. pieces of18-in. polyethylenefoam to each end of the bottom of the 4-lb weight of the rubtest
32、er.10.7.4 Adhere two pieces of 1 by 2-in. pieces of polishingcloth to the foam.10.7.5 Carefully place the weight onto the section of paper;with the polishing cloth resting on the typed impressions.(Replace cloth when visual smudging occurs when using aclean sheet of paper.)10.7.6 Lock weight into ra
33、dius arm. Set timer to run for tencycles.10.7.7 Run tester and remove weight.10.7.8 Null microdensitometer on a clean portion of paper.Then measure reflectance of the space between first and secondIs on each of the second and third rows from the top left-handand top right-hand corners.10.7.8.1 Posit
34、ion sample over detection area so that theaperture opening is between the Is.10.7.9 Report the average of four readings.10.7.10 Rank the samples by the reflectance value of thesmudged area. The highest value is the best.NOTE 8A densitometer may be used in place of the microdensitom-eter. Then rankin
35、g would be the lowest value being the best.10.8 Weardown/Overstrike Test:10.8.1 Ensure that the ribbon is stalled (not able to advance)by disconnecting the advance mechanism, or cut a 1-in. lengthfrom the spool and affix it to card holder, coated side in.10.8.2 Using capital H, type ten characters n
36、ot fewer thanthree strokes per second. Measure visual reflectance of the firstH in three places along the center portion of the left vertical legand determine an average (R1).10.8.3 Repeat the reading procedure using the fourth H inthe row and average three readings identified as R4.10.8.4 Repeat th
37、e procedure to obtain three rows, advancingor changing the ribbon sample each time along with advancingthe paper.10.8.5 Determine an average for the three R1and R4readings, and calculate as follows:Weardown, % 5avg R42 avg R1!avg R4!3 100 (3)10.8.6 Rank samples by percent of weardown. Smallestweardo
38、wn is the best.10.9 Oven Test (Effects of High Temperature):10.9.1 Place a ribbon specimen in a preset environmentalchamber at 120 6 2F (49 6 1C) at 50 % relative humidityfor 48 h.10.9.2 Remove specimen from oven, and stabilize it for atleast6htotheoriginal conditions in Section 9.10.9.3 Repeat proc
39、edures 10.1-10.8 noting in particular anychanges from the original observations. Record results.10.10 Control Specimens:10.10.1 Repeat procedures 10.1-10.9 for control multistrikeribbons and all other test specimens as necessary.NOTE 9Different typewriters and type fonts may give entirely differ-ent
40、 results in Sections 10. For general acceptance testing, the use of asmany typewriters and type fonts in as many combinations as possible isrecommended.NOTE 10Caution: Select type fonts which produce an image largerthan the microdensitometer aperture.11. Report11.1 The results shall include on a com
41、parative basis inrelation to the control ribbons or the samples, the following:11.1.1 Calculated write variation and the ranking ofsamples,11.1.2 Quantity of voids and the ranking of samples,11.1.3 Quantity of extraneous ink and the ranking ofsamples,11.1.4 Cover-up reflectance values and the rankin
42、g ofsamples,11.1.5 Quantity of edge definition defects and ranking ofsamples,11.1.6 Line spread percentage and the ranking of samples,11.1.7 Reflectance of the smudged area and the ranking ofsamples, and11.1.8 The percent of weardown and the ranking of samples.F 1051 00 (2004)312. Precision12.1 Thes
43、e test methods will provide repeatable rankingorder results or repeatable relationship to a control ribbonwithin a laboratory using the same typewriter/printer. Rankingorder and comparative results may not be reproduced betweentesting locations because of differences in typewriter/printeractions and
44、 conditions.13. Keywords13.1 computer printer; multistrike ribbons; typewriter; type-writer ribbonsASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that deter
45、mination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or
46、withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that
47、 your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).F 1051 00 (2004)4
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