ASTM F1116-2014a Standard Test Method for Determining Dielectric Strength of Dielectric Footwear《测定介电鞋靴介电强度的标准试验方法》.pdf

1、Designation: F1116 14F1116 14aStandard Test Method forDetermining Dielectric Strength of Dielectric Footwear1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1116; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of las

2、t revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers testing to determine the “Dielectric Strength” of dielectric overfoot and overshoe footwear. Test

3、ingis done over the maximum possible area of the dielectric footwear without permitting flashover between electrodes.1.2 The use and maintenance of dielectric footwear is beyond the scope of this test method.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated

4、 with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements appear in 5.2.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D149 Test Method for Die

5、lectric Breakdown Voltage and Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials atCommercial Power FrequenciesF1117 Specification for Dielectric Footwear3. Terminology3.1 Descriptions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 useras used in 1.3, the entity employing the actual worker utili

6、zing the equipment; if no separate employer, then theindividual.3.1.2 overfoot footwearfootwear designed to be worn directly over the feet as the only source of foot covering.3.1.3 overshoe footwearfootwear designed to be worn over existing footwear.4. Significance and Use4.1 Electrical contact inju

7、ries to workers may involve a current path through the feet of the worker. The footwear covered bythis specification is dielectrically rated to provide additional insulation and isolation to the wearer. This test method will determinethat dielectric footwear has dielectric integrity at the time of t

8、he test.5. Apparatus5.1 Electrical Test Criteria:5.1.1 Test ProcedureThe footwear shall be immersed in water or other conducting media to a depth where the flashoverclearance is consistent with the proof test voltage as listed in Table 1. Since the water or other conducting media inside the footwear

9、forms one test electrode and the water or the other conducting media in the container outside the footwear forms the otherelectrode, 152 mm or 6 in. of clearance between electrodes consists of 76 mm or 3 in. of clearance from the top of the footwearto the top of the water or other conducting media b

10、oth inside and outside of the footwear. Water is recommended as the mediumfor the electrodes to ensure complete coverage of the surfaces of the footwear.Water may wick up the inner lining on certain brandsof footwear. To overcome the wicking effect care needs to be taken to keep the inner area above

11、 the water dry and conduct thetests promptly after placing the water inside the footwear. The water or other conducting media inside the footwear forms one testelectrode and shall be connected to one terminal of the voltage source by means of a metal chain or sliding rod that dips into the1 This tes

12、t method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F18 on Electrical Protective Equipment for Workers and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF18.15 on Worker Personal Equipment.Current edition approved April 1, 2014Aug. 1, 2014. Published April 2014September 2014. Originally approved in 1

13、988. Last previous edition approved in 20082014 asF111608.14. DOI: 10.1520/F1116-14.10.1520/F1116-14A.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards D

14、ocument Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, AST

15、M recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1electro

16、de. The water or other conducting media in the container outside the footwear forms the other electrode and shall beconnected directly to the other terminal of the voltage source. Due to the weight of water or other types of electrode media, supportracks are needed to secure footwear being tested. T

17、he maximum protective area of the footwear shall be tested. Care must be takento thoroughly dry the inside of the footwear following the test and prior to storage. See Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 for typical testarrangements for dielectric test of rubbers and boots using water electrodes.NOTE 1Water used as e

18、lectrodes should have a minimum conductance of 0.25 mho.5.2 PrecautionsIt is recommended that the test apparatus be designed to afford the operator full protection in performance ofhis duties. Reliable means of de-energizing and grounding the high-voltage circuit shall be provided. It is particularl

19、y importantto incorporate a positive means of grounding the high-voltage section of the dc test apparatus due to the likely presence ofhigh-voltage capacitance charges at the conclusion of the test.5.3 Electrical Test Equipment:5.3.1 The test equipment used in the dielectric strength or proof tests

20、shall be capable of supplying an essentially stepless andcontinuously variable voltage to the test specimen. The equipment shall be inspected at least annually to ensure that the generalcondition of the equipment is acceptable and to verify the characteristics and accuracy of the test voltage.5.3.2

21、Breakdown or failure indicators or accessory circuits shall be designed to give positive indication of failure and shallrequire resetting by the operator before tests can be continued.5.4 AC Tests:5.4.1 Voltage Supply and Regulation:5.4.1.1 The test voltage crest factor shall not differ more than 2

22、% from a sinusoidal wave.5.4.1.2 The accuracy of the voltage measuring circuit shall be within 61 kV of test voltage. The ac voltage applied to the testspecimen shall be measured with either a RMS responding voltmeter or an AC voltmeter (RMS or average responding) or a peakresponding voltmeter calib

23、rated to pk/SQRT2 using one of the following methods: (1) a voltmeter used in conjunction with acalibrated instrument transformer connected directly across the high-voltage circuit, (2) a calibrated electrostatic voltmeterconnected directly across the high-voltage circuit, or (3) an ac meter connect

24、ed in series with appropriate high-voltage typeresistors directly across the high-voltage circuit.TABLE 1 Test Voltages and Flashover Clearances BetweenElectrodesAC Test DC TestVoltage (rmsvalue)mm (in.) Voltage (avgvalue)mm (in.)15 000 127 (5) 45 000 152 (6)20 000 152 (6) 60 000 178 (7)FIG. 1 Typic

25、al Test Arrangement for Dielectric Test of Rubbers Using Water ElectrodesF1116 14a25.5 DC Tests:5.5.1 Voltage Supply and Regulation:5.5.1.1 The peak to peak ac ripple component of the dc proof-test voltage shall not exceed 2 % of the average voltage valueunder no-load conditions.5.5.1.2 Measure the

26、dc test voltage by a method that provides the average value of the voltage applied to the test specimen. Itis recommended that the voltage be measured by the use of a dc meter connected in series with appropriate high-voltage typeresistors across the high-voltage circuit. An electrostatic voltmeter

27、of proper range may be used in place of the dc meter-resistorcombination. The accuracy of the voltage measuring circuit shall be within 61 kV of test voltage.6. Conditioning6.1 Perform all electrical tests at room temperature. The exposed portion both inside and outside of the footwear that is not i

28、ndirect contact with an electrode shall be as dry as practicable in each test method.7. Procedure (See Test Methods D149)7.1 AC Tests:7.1.1 Place each article of footwear to be given a proof test in the test apparatus in accordance with 5.1.1. Smoothly apply thetest voltage to 75% of the desired tes

29、t voltage and increase it at a rate-of-rise of 1000 volts per second (V/s) 620 % until theprescribed testing voltage is reached, or failure occurs. The test period starts at the instant that the prescribed testing voltage isreached and shall consist of a minimum of 1 min to a maximum of 3 min time a

30、t the prescribed test voltage. At the end of thetest period, gradually reduce the applied voltage to at least half value before opening the test circuit.7.2 DC Tests:7.2.1 Place each article of footwear to be given a test in the test apparatus in accordance with 5.1.1. Apply the dc test voltagein th

31、e same manner as for ac tests in 7.1.1 except with a rate-of-rise of approximately 3000 V/s.8. Record Keeping and Marking8.1 Each piece of footwear shall be marked clearly and permanently with the name of the manufacturer or supplier, ASTMF1117, size, and AC voltage rating.8.2 The test procedures of

32、 the electrical test facility shall specify the test voltage for each voltage rating of footwear to be testedor a record shall be kept of the voltage used in the test. A date specified as test or retest shall be either recorded or provided bymarking or affixing a label to the footwear. The marking o

33、r labeling method and material shall not adversely affect the electricalor physical characteristics of the footwear or conflict with the manufacturers original marking or labeling8.3 Footwear that have been rejected and are not suitable for electrical service shall be defaced, cut or otherwise marke

34、d andidentified to indicate that they are not to be used for elecrical service.FIG. 2 Typical Test Arrangement for Dielectric Test of Boots Using Water ElectrodesF1116 14a39. Precision and Bias9.1 The precision of this test method has not been determined. No statement can be made as to the bias of t

35、his test method sinceno standard materials are available.10. Keywords10.1 dielectricASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the

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