ASTM F1159-2014 Standard Practice for Design of Amusement Rides and Devices that are Outside the Purview of Other F24 Design Standards《超出其他F24设计标准范围之外的娱乐设施和设备设计的标准实施规程》.pdf

1、Designation: F1159 11F1159 14Standard Practice forDesign and Manufacture of Patron Directed, ArtificialClimbing Walls, Dry Slide, Coin Operated and PurposefulWater Immersion of Amusement Rides and Devices and Air-Supported Structuresthat are Outside the Purview of OtherF24 Design Standards1This stan

2、dard is issued under the fixed designation F1159; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editor

3、ial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice establishes information and procedures for the design and manufacture of patron directed amusement rides ordevices (for example, go karts, bumper cars, bumper boats), artificial climbing walls, dry slides, coin operated rides

4、, andamusement rides and devices that involve the purposeful immersion of the patrons body partially or totally in the water andinvolve more than incidental patron contact (for example, pools, water slides, lazy rivers, interactive aquatic play devices), andair-supported structures.1.2 This standard

5、 does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM St

6、andards:2F846F1193 Guide for Testing Performance Practice for Quality, Manufacture, and Construction of Amusement Rides andDevices (Withdrawn 2013)F2007 Practice for Design, Manufacture, and Operation of Concession Go-Karts and FacilitiesF2291 Practice for Design of Amusement Rides and Devices2.2 Fe

7、deral Documents:3Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare Pediatric Growth Development Chart, 1983OSHA 29 CFR Fall Protection Systems Criteria and Practices Part 1926.502 (d)USDAAgricultural Handbook 72, Rev. 0The Wood Handbook, by the U.S. Dept. of Agricultural Forest Products Laboratory2.3 Society

8、of Automotive Engineers Standards:4SAE J 833 Recommended Practice for USA Human Physical DimensionsSAE Hydraulic Fluid StandardsSAEJ-10 Pneumatic Storage TanksSAE Pneumatic Tubing Standards2.4 American Society of Mechanical Engineers Documents:5ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Div

9、ision 1ASME Welding Standards2.5 American Institute of Steel Construction Document:6AISC Manual on Steel Construction1 This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F24 on Amusement Rides and Devices and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F24.24 on Designand Manufacture.Current

10、 edition approved Dec. 1, 2011Oct. 1, 2014. Published April 2012November 2014. Originally approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 20032011 asF1159 03a.F1159 11. DOI: 10.1520/F1159-11.10.1520/F1159-14.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Cust

11、omer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.4 Available from Society of Automotive Engineers,

12、 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096.5 Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990.6 Available from the Institute of Steel Construction, P.O. Box 4588, Chicago, IL 60680.This document is not an AST

13、M standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In al

14、l cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12.6 American Welding Society Standard:7ANSI/AWS D1.1 Structural Welding Cod

15、e2.7 National Fire Protection Association Standard:8National Electrical Code2.8 ANSI Standard:9ANSI (NFPA/JIC) T2.24.11991 Hydraulic Fluid Power Systems Standard for Stationary Industrial Machinery,93. Significance and Use3.1 This practice provides designers and manufacturers of patron directed amus

16、ement rides or devices (for example, go karts,bumper cars, bumper boats), artificial climbing walls, dry slides, coin operated rides, water amusement rides or devices (involvethe purposeful immersion of the patrons body partially or totally in the water and involve more than incidental patron contac

17、t (forexample, pools, water slides, lazy rivers, interactive aquatic play devices), and air-supported structures with design references andcriteria to use in designing and manufacturing of patron directed amusement rides or devices, artificial climging walls, dry slides,coin operated rides, purposef

18、ul immersion water amusement rides or devices, and air-supported structures.4. Procedures for Developing Documentation and Records General Design Requirements4.1 Design and CalculationsManufacturers basic Basic documentation and engineering analysis shall include, but not belimited to, the following

19、:be in accordance with Practice F2291.4.1.1 Performance characteristics of structural, mechanical, and electrical components, and4.1.2 Forces on passengers due to the action of the ride based on design loading.4.2 Drawings and RecordsRecords shall be kept on the characteristics and forces explained

20、in 4.1.1 andaccordance with4.1.2Practice F2291for all versions and revisions of a ride or device so long as deemed appropriate by the designer/manufacturer4.3 TestingDocument and record the testing performance of amusement rides and devices in accordance with the tests givenin GuidePractice F846F119

21、3.DESIGN PROCEDURES5. Designing in Accordance with Passenger Weights5.1 The weight assigned to an adult passenger, for design purposes, shall be 170 lb (77 kg) or 12 lb/in. (5.4 kg/25.4 mm) ofhip width at the seat, whichever is greater. Reference SAE J 833 on USA Human Physical Dimensions, using the

22、 “medium man”for passenger weight.5.2 The weight assigned to a 12-year-old child passenger, for design purposes, shall be 90 lb (41 kg) or 9 lb/in. (4.1 kg/25.4mm) of hip width at the seat, whichever is greater. Reference U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare Pediatric GrowthDevelopment

23、Chart 1983.6. Passenger Carrying Devices6.1 Design of SeatsDesign passenger seating to provide adequate support padding and containment for the passengers bodyduring operation, and to be consistent with the design intent of the ride.6.2 Methods of RestraintWhere appropriate, base the passenger restr

24、aint on the design intent of the ride or device withconsideration given, but not limited to, the height, speed, and forces on passengers.6.3 Passenger ClearanceDesign clearance to minimize the opportunity for contact between a contained passenger and anyobject where said contact is likely to cause i

25、njury during operation of a ride or device.7. Amusement Ride and Device Structures7.1 Metal StructuresWhere applicable, design metal structures in accordance with the AISC Manual of Steel Construction,as applicable.7.1.1 Allowable loads or stresses as indicated in the AISC Manual of Steel Constructi

26、on shall be reduced as deemed adequateby the manufacturer/designer, to allow for special combinations of conditions which may include, but are not limited to, stressconcentrations, shock, dynamics, load cycles, degree of risk, and environment.7.2 Timber StructuresDesign timber structures in accordan

27、ce with USDAAgricultural Handbook 72, Revision 0, The WoodHandbook.7 Available from the American Welding Society, 550 N. LeJeune Rd., Miami, FL 33126.8 Available from the National Fire Protection Association, Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02269.9 Available from American National Standards Institute

28、(ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.F1159 1427.2.1 Allowable loads or stresses as indicated by the above data shall be reduced as deemed adequate by the manufacturer/designer to allow for special combinations of conditions that may include, but are not limited to, stress concentrat

29、ions, shock,dynamics, load cycles, degree of risk, and environment.7.3 WeldingWelding and welding procedures shall be in accordance with American Welding Society (ANSI/AWS D1.1) orAmerican Society of Mechanical Engineers, or other equivalent standards, and be performed by appropriately certified or

30、qualifiedwelders as required by the standard.7.4 Bolting SpecificationsAll threaded fasteners used on an amusement ride or device in connecting components shall meetaccepted engineering standards for each application in the system, and grade shall be identified where appropriate.7.5 Chain and Wire R

31、opeChain and wire rope used in ride systems shall meet existing industrial ratings considering the loads,conditions, dynamics, and potential fatigue involved.7.6 Air-Supported StructuresWhere applicable, air-supported structures shall be designed and manufactured with flame-resistant materials that

32、meet or exceed a 2-s flame-out standard.7.6.1 Hold-down provisions shall be designed for the structure to allow operation of the device within the wind conditionsspecified by the manufacturer.7.6.2 Provision shall be made to ensure that patrons cannot conceal themselves from the operators view.7.6.3

33、 Enclosed structures shall have within 100 ft of the normal point of egress adequately lighted emergency exits.7.6.4 Power failure, of an inflation means, shall not increase the risk of injury to anyone on the device.7.7 Fall ProtectionThe manufacturer of an amusement ride or device shall provide ap

34、propriate anchorage points forattachment of personal fall arrest systems that may be used during routine assembly, disassembly, maintenance, and inspection.Personal fall arrest systems shall meet the minimum design requirements specified in OSHA 29 CFR PART 1926.502 (d).8. Electrical Components8.1 D

35、esign, manufacture, and install electrical components in accordance with the National Electric Code or the equivalent.8.2 Emergency stop circuits shall be energized systems which are fail-safe in case of power failure.8.3 The emergency stop switches shall be manually reset. The resetting of the stop

36、 switch shall not start the ride.9. Hydraulic Components9.1 The applicable provisions of ANSI (NFPA/JIC) T2.24.11991 or the equivalent shall be used as the standard for the designand manufacture of fixed and portable Amusement Rides and Devices except as expanded or modified in the following section

37、sor subsections. This section shall apply to all Amusement Rides and Devices manufactured after January 1, 1999.9.2 Deviation fromANSI T2-24-1, section 6.7.1, shall be permitted only when components are designed for higher temperatureoperation and adequate shielding is provided to prevent hot fluid

38、from reaching any passenger or observer on or near the Ride orDevice.9.3 Changes or additions, or both, to ANSI T2.24.1 shall be incorporated for use in the design and manufacture of AmusementRides and Devices as defined by subsections herein.9.3.1 The following changes (bold) to ANSI T2.24.1, Secti

39、on 7.2.3.1 are incorporated as follows:7.2.3.1 Adjustments of control should not require access between, over or in close proximity to moving equipment or parts.9.3.2 The following deletion (bold ) to ANSI T2.24.1, Section 7.4.1 is incorporated as follows:7.4.1 Emergency stop and/or return controlsD

40、elete in its entirety, item e: e) Shall provide a blocking device in servovalve(s) supply line(s).9.3.3 The following changes (bold) to ANSI T2.24.1, Section 7.7.1 are incorporated as follows:7.7.1 Emergency safety device or meansWhen the possibility exists that undesirable motion will result due to

41、 an emergency or uncontrolled stop condition, a device ormeans shall be provided in the proportional or servo control circuit to prevent such motion.9.3.4 The following changes (bold) to ANSI T2.24.1, Section 12.2.4 are incorporated as follows:12.2.4 Filters should be sized to provide a minimum of 8

42、00 hours of operation under normal system conditions.9.3.5 The following changes (bold) or deletions (bold) to ANSI T2.24.1, Section 18.3.4 are incorporated as follows:18.3.4 Diagnostic pressure test points, when used, should be, accessibly installed in hydraulic circuits to verify system pressure,a

43、nd also where pressure can be adjusted from the main system pressure.9.3.6 The following deletions (bold ) to ANSI T2.24.1, Section 18.5 are incorporated as follows:18.5 Oil samplingSample test points shall be made available close to hydraulic pumps and at other key locations for the purpose of chec

44、king fluidfor contamination. Sample test points must provide safe, reliable access to fluid while under full system pressure.9.4 Position LimitsEffective means are provided to prevent a linear actuator, where piston and rod are the same diameter, fromtraveling beyond to physical limits of the actuat

45、or.F1159 1439.5 System FailuresIn the event of a system failure or malfunction of the hydraulic system, the velocity or acceleration, orboth, shall be controlled with respect to forces acting on the passengers.10. Pneumatics10.1 Maximum pressure shall not exceed the component rating.10.2 Pneumatic s

46、torage tanks shall conform to ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1 or SAE J-10.10.3 Pneumatic accumulators shall conform to ASME pressure vessel standards.10.4 Pneumatic tubing hose and fittings shall conform to SAE standards or the equivalent.10.5 Loss of air pressure belo

47、w design minimums in critical applications shall cause the system to revert to the appropriateemergency mode.10.6 The pneumatic system shall include components to provide lubrication and moisture extraction where deemed appropriateby the designer.10.7 Where deemed appropriate by the designer, provis

48、ions shall be made for dumping accumulator tanks when systems areshut down.11. Operator Controls11.1 Design operator controls to be located within easy reach of the operator when the operator is in a position to observe theride while the ride is in operation.11.2 Operator control systems shall be de

49、signed to avoid unintentional activation.11.3 Operator controls shall be identified in the English language as to their function.11.4 Operator control system design shall incorporate a control access system.12. Brakes12.1 The design shall provide sufficient braking capacity to satisfyWhen used, brakes shall be designed in accordance withPractice F2291the designers recommended operation parameters., subsection 13.7.12.1.1 Design For the purposes of this practice, Practice F2291 subsection 13.7 shall not be interpreted to require a blocksystemSafety Rela