ASTM F1235-2014a Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Portable Hook-On Chairs《便携式钩接式座椅的标准消费者安全规格》.pdf

1、Designation: F1235 14F1235 14aStandard Consumer Safety Specification forPortable Hook-On Chairs1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1235; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A

2、 number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis consumer safety specification addresses incidents associated with portable hook-on chairs(chairs) that were identified by the Uni

3、ted States Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC).CPSC has identified injuries which occurred when chairs fell because the child pushed off the table,components of the chair became detached or broke, and, to a lesser extent, when the table to whichthe chair was attached tipped over. In response t

4、o a review of the data received by the CPSC, thisspecification attempts to minimize the following: falls due to detachment of the chair from the tableor due to breakage or detachment of components; a child falling out of the chair; and chair and tabletipping over.This specification does not cover ch

5、airs that are either blatantly misused or are used in a carelessmanner that disregards the warning statements and safety instructions provided with each chair. Thisspecification is written within the current state-of-the-art of chair technology. It is intended that thisspecification will be updated

6、whenever substantive information becomes available that necessitatesadditional requirements or justifies revising the existing requirements.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the performance requirements and test methods designed to ensure the satisfactory performanceof the portable hook-on chair

7、.1.2 This specification is intended to minimize injuries to children resulting from normal use and reasonably foreseeable misuseor abuse of chairs.1.3 For the purposes of this specification a chair is:1.3.1 A seat made for the express purpose of seating and holding a child who can remain in a sittin

8、g position due to his or herown coordination.1.3.2 Usually a legless seat constructed to locate the occupant at a table in such a position and elevation so that the surface ofthe table can be used as the feeding surface for the occupant.1.3.3 Supported solely by the table on which it is mounted. The

9、se chairs are intended for use by children between the ages ofsix months and three years and who weigh no more than 37 lb (16.8 kg) (95th percentile male at three years).1.4 No chair produced after the approval date of this consumer safety specification shall, either by label or other means, indicat

10、ecompliance with this specification unless it conforms to all applicable requirements contained herein.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not

11、considered standard.1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the test methods portion only, Section 7, of this specification:This standarddoes not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establi

12、sh appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.16 on Highchairs,Hook-On Chairs and Expanda

13、ble Gates.Current edition approved May 1, 2014Oct. 1, 2014. Published June 2014November 2014. Originally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 20082014 asF1235 03 (2008).F1235 14. DOI: 10.1520/F1235-14.10.1520/F1235-14A.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to prov

14、ide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the

15、standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test2.2 Federal Regul

16、ations:16 CFR 1303 Ban of Lead-Containing Paint, and Certain Consumer Products Bearing Lead-Containing Paint316 CFR 1500 Hazardous Substances Act Regulations including sections:1500.48 Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp Point in Toys or Other Articles Intended for Use By Children UnderEi

17、ght Years of Age31500.49 Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp Metal or Glass Edge in Toys or Other Articles Intended for Use ByChildren Under Eight Years of Age31500.50.52 Test Methods for Simulating Use and Abuse of Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use by Children316 CFR 1501 Method f

18、or Identifying Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use by Children Under Three Years of Age WhichPresent Choking, Aspiration, or Ingestion Hazards Because of Small Parts33. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 conspicuousa label that is visible when the portable hook-

19、on chair is in a manufacturers recommended use position toa person standing near the chair at any one position but not necessarily visible from all positions.3.1.2 fabricany woven, knit, coated, laminated, extruded or calendered flexible material that is intended to be sewn, welded,heat sealed or gl

20、ued together as an assembly.3.1.3 manufacturers recommended use position any position that is presented as a normal, allowable, or acceptableconfiguration for the use of the product by the manufacturer in any descriptive or instructional literature. This specifically excludespositions that the manuf

21、acturer shows in a like manner in its literature to be unacceptable, unsafe, or not recommended.3.1.4 nonpaper labelany label material (such as plastic or metal) which either will not tear without the aid of tools, or tearsleaving a sharply defined edge.3.1.5 occupantthat individual who is in a prod

22、uct that is set up in one of the manufacturers recommended use positions.3.1.6 paper labelany label material that tears without the aid of tools and leaves a fibrous edge.3.1.7 seama means of joining fabric components such as sewing, welding, heat sealing or gluing.3.1.8 static loada vertically down

23、ward force applied by a calibrated force gage or by dead weights.4. Calibration and Standardization4.1 All testing shall be conducted on a concrete floor that may be covered with 18 in. (3 mm) thick vinyl flooring covering,unless test instructs differently.4.2 The product shall be completely assembl

24、ed, unless otherwise noted, in accordance with the manufacturers instructions.4.3 No testing shall be conducted within 48 h of manufacturing.4.4 The product to be tested shall be in a room with ambient temperature of 7369F (2365C) for at least 1 h prior to testing.Testing shall then be conducted wit

25、hin this temperature range.4.5 All testing required by this specification shall be conducted on the same unit.5. General Requirements5.1 There shall be no hazardous sharp points or edges as defined by 16 CFR 1500.48 and 16 CFR 1500.49 before and aftertesting to this consumer safety specification.5.2

26、 There shall be no small parts as defined by 16 CFR 1501 before testing or liberated as a result of testing to this specification.5.3 The paint and surface-coatings on the product shall comply with 16 CFR 1303.5.4 Prior to testing, any exposed wood parts shall be smooth and free from splinters.5.5 L

27、atching or Locking MechanismsAny unit that folds shall have a latching or locking device or other provision in thedesign that will prevent the unit from unintentionally folding when properly placed in the manufacturers recommended useposition. The unit shall remain in its manufacturers recommended u

28、se position during and upon completion of the test inaccordance with 7.3. If a unit is designed with a latching or locking device, that device shall remain engaged and operative aftertesting.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at servi

29、ceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from U.S. Government Printing Office, N. Capital and H Streets, NW, Washington, DC 20401.F1235 14a25.6 Scissoring, Shearing, and PinchingPinching: A portable

30、hook-on chair, when in a manufacturers recommended useposition, shall be designed and constructed so as to prevent injury to the occupant from any scissoring, shearing, or pinching whenmembers or components rotate about a common axis or fastening point, slide, pivot, fold, or otherwise move relative

31、 to oneanother. Scissoring, shearing, or pinching that may cause injury shall not be permissible when the edges of any rigid parts admita probe greater than 0.210 in. (5.33 mm) and less than 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) diameter at any accessible point throughout the rangeof motion of such parts.5.6.1 A port

32、able hook-on chair, when in a manufacturers recommended use position installed per the manufacturersinstructions on the minimum test surface described in 7.1.16.4, shall be designed and constructed so as to prevent injury to theoccupant from any scissoring, shearing, or pinching when members or comp

33、onents rotate about a common axis or fastening point,slide, pivot, fold, or otherwise move relative to one another. Scissoring, shearing, or pinching that may cause injury shall not bepermissible when the edges of any rigid parts admit a probe greater than 0.210 in. (5.33 mm) and less than 0.375 in.

34、 (9.53 mm)diameter at any accessible point throughout the range of motion of such parts.5.6.2 Disengagement from Table Support SurfaceScissoring, shearing, or pinching that may cause injury shall not bepermissible when an opening in the spaces described below admits a probe greater than 0.210 in. (5

35、.33 mm) and less than 0.375in. (9.53 mm) in diameter at any accessible point throughout the range of motion that occurs during the test outlined in 7.14.(1) between the edges of any rigid part of the product and the test surface, or(2) between the edges of any two rigid parts on the product that rot

36、ate about a common axis or fastening point.5.7 Exposed Coil SpringsAny exposed coil spring that is accessible to the occupant, having or capable of generating a spacebetween coils of 0.210 in. (5.30 mm) or greater during static load testing in accordance with 7.6, shall be covered or otherwisedesign

37、ed to prevent injury from entrapment.5.8 OpeningsHoles or slots that extend entirely through a wall section of any rigid material less than 0.375-in. (9.53-mm)thick and admit a 0.210-in. (5.33-mm) diameter rod shall also admit a 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) diameter rod. Holes or slots that arebetween 0.210-

38、in. (5.33-mm) and 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) and have a wall thickness less than 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) but are limited indepth to 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) maximum by another rigid surface shall be permissible (see Fig. 1). The product shall be evaluatedin all manufacturers recommended use positions.5.9 Labeling:5

39、.9.1 Warning labels (whether paper or non paper) shall be permanent when tested in accordance with 7.11.5.9.2 Warning statements applied directly onto the surface of the product by hot stamping, heat transfer, printing, wood burning,and so forth shall be permanent when tested in accordance with 7.11

40、.5.9.3 Nonpaper labels shall not liberate small parts when tested in accordance with 7.11.5.10 Protective ComponentsIf a child can grasp components between the thumb and forefinger, or teeth, (such as caps,sleeves, or plugs used for protection from sharp edges, points, or entrapment of fingers or to

41、es), or if there is at least a 0.040 in.(1.00 mm) gap between the component and its adjacent parent component, such component shall not be removed when tested inaccordance with 7.4.6. Performance Requirements6.1 Chair Drop TestThe chair shall permit subsequent tests and exhibit no mechanical hazards

42、 (sharp points, sharp edges, orsmall parts) when tested in accordance with 7.5.6.2 Static Load TestThe chair shall support a static load on the seat without causing any hazardous conditions as identifiedwithin this specification when tested in accordance with 7.6.6.3 Seat and Seat Back Disengagement

43、 TestThe seat back and seat shall remain fully attached to the frame of the chair whenforces are applied in accordance with 7.7.6.4 Chair Bounce TestThe chair shall remain attached to the standard test surface as described in 7.1.16 and allow nomovement greater than 1 in. (25 mm) when forces are app

44、lied in accordance with 7.8.6.5 Chair Pull/Push TestThe chair shall remain attached to the standard test surface when tested in accordance with 7.9.6.6 Restraint Systems:6.6.1 A restraint system shall be provided to secure a child in the seated position in each of the manufacturers recommendeduse po

45、sitions.6.6.1.1 The restraint system shall include both waist and crotch restraint. The crotch restraint shall be designed such that its useis mandatory when the restraint system is in use.NOTE 1It should be noted that this test applies to all designs of restraining systems, whether they be of the t

46、raditional “active” or of the“ passive”type.6.6.2 The restraint system and its closing means (for example, buckle) shall not break, separate or permit removal of the CAMItest dummy (see Fig. 2) from the chair when tested in accordance with 7.10.F1235 14a3FIG. 1 Opening ExampleF1235 14a46.6.2.1 If du

47、ring the tests in 7.10 the posterior of the test dummy, with the force applied, is pulled past the front edge of theseat, the dummy shall be considered removed.6.6.2.2 After the tests in 7.10.6 and 7.10.7, the CAMI dummy shall not be fully released.6.6.3 The waist restraint shall be capable of adjus

48、tment with a positive self-locking mechanism that is capable, when locked,of withstanding the forces of tests in 7.10 without allowing restraint movement or slippage of more than 1 in. (25 mm).6.6.4 A connecting means and adjustment means for the waist restraint shall be capable of usage independent

49、 of one another.The connecting means shall not be an adjustment means, but may have one integrally attached to it.6.6.5 Before shipment, the restraining system must be attached to the chair in such a manner as to not become detached throughnormal use. For chairs requiring consumer assembly, buckles must be completely threaded and the restraining system must beattached to a component that would render the chair unusable if not properly assembled.6.7 Openings and Passive Crotch Restraint System:NOTE 2A passive crotch restraint required by thi