ASTM F1323-2001 Standard Specification for Shipboard Incinerators《船用焚烧装置标准规范》.pdf

1、Designation: F 1323 01An American National StandardStandard Specification forShipboard Incinerators1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1323; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisi

2、on. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the design, manufacture, per-formance, operation, functioning, and testing of incineratorsintended to

3、incinerate garbage and other shipboard wastesgenerated during the ships normal service (that is, mainte-nance, operational, domestic, and cargo-associated wastes).1.2 This specification is a companion document to GuideF 1322.1.3 This specification applies to those incinerator plantswith capacities u

4、p to 1500 kW per unit.1.4 Additional information is given in Appendix X1-Appendix X9.1.5 This specification does not apply to systems on specialincinerator ships, for example, for burning industrial wastessuch as chemicals, manufacturing residues, and so forth.1.6 This specification does not address

5、 the electrical supplyto the unit nor the foundation connections and stack connec-tions.1.7 This standard may involve hazardous materials, opera-tions, and equipment. This standard does not purport toaddress all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with itsuse. It is the responsibility of the

6、user of this standard toestablish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Ifan incinerator is to be operated in littoral regions, the strictestgoverning regulations for those countries in which the incin-erator may operate woul

7、d form the requirement basis. See5.11.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:F 1166 Practice for Human Engineering Design for MarineSystems, Equipment and Facilities2F 1322 Guide for Selection of Shipboard Incinerators22.2 ANSI Standard:B31.1 Power Piping3ANSI/NFPA No. 70 National Electrical Code

8、3NEC Article 430-732.3 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:Section I, Power Boilers4Section IX, Welding and Brazing Qualifications42.4 Safety of Life at Sea Convention:SOLAS 74 International Convention for the Safety of Lifeat Sea52.5 Underwriters Laboratory Standards:UL 506 Standard for Specialty

9、Transformers6UL 814 Standard for Gas-Tube Signs and Ignition Cables62.6 Other Documents:International Convention for the Preventing of Pollutionfrom Ships (1973), as modified by the Protocols of 1978(73/78) and 1997 and associated Annexes5NOTE 1Incinerators designed and manufactured in accordance wi

10、thalternative standards must show compliance with this specification.3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 cargo-associated wasteall materials that have be-come waste as a result of use on board a ship for cargo stowageand handling. Cargo-associated waste includes but is notlimited to dunnage, shoring

11、 pallets, lining and packing mate-rials, plywood, paper, cardboard, wire, and steel strapping.3.1.2 cargo residuesfor the purposes of this specification,the remnants of any cargo material on board that cannot beplaced in proper cargo holds (loading excess and spillage) orwhich remain in cargo holds

12、and elsewhere after unloadingprocedures are completed (unloading residual and spillage).However, cargo residues are expected to be in small quantities.3.1.3 domestic wasteall types of food waste, sewage, andwaste generated in the living spaces on board the ship.3.1.4 fishing gearany physical device

13、or part thereof orcombination of items that may be placed on or in the water1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Shipsand Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.06 onMarine Environmental Protection.Current edition approved March 10, 2

14、001. Published April 2001. Originallypublished as F 1323 - 90. Last previous edition F 1323 - 98.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.07.3Available from the American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., 13thFloor, New York, NY 10036.4Available from the American Society of Mechanical Engin

15、eers, Three ParkAve., New York, NY 100165990.5Available from the International Maritime Organization, 4 Albert Embankment,London SE1 7SR, UK.6Available from Underwriters Laboratories, Inc., 333 Pfingsten Rd., North-brook, IL 60062.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, We

16、st Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.with the intended purpose of capturing, or controlling forsubsequent capture, living marine or freshwater organisms.3.1.5 food wastesany spoiled or unspoiled victual sub-stances, such as fruits, vegetables, dairy products, poultry, meatproducts, food scr

17、aps, food particles, and all other materialscontaminated by such waste, generated aboard ship, principallyin the galley and dining areas.3.1.6 garbageall kinds of victual, domestic, and opera-tional waste excluding fresh fish and parts thereof, generatedduring the normal operation of the ship and li

18、able to bedisposed of continuously or periodically. Those substanceswhich are defined or listed in Annexes, other than Annex V, tothe International Convention for the Preventing of PollutionFrom Ships, 1973, as modified by the Protocol of 1978(MARPOL 73/78) are excluded.3.1.7 graywaterdrainage from

19、galleys, pantries, showers,laundries, baths, and handbasins as long as it is not mixed withsewage.3.1.8 incineratorshipboard facilities for incinerating solidwastes approximating in composition to household waste andliquid wastes arising from the operation of the ship, forexample, domestic waste, ca

20、rgo-associated waste, maintenancewaste, operational waste, cargo residues, fishing gear, and soforth. These facilities may be designed to use or not to use theheat energy produced.3.1.9 maintenance wastematerials collected by the enginedepartment and the deck department while maintaining andoperatin

21、g the ship, such as soot, machinery deposits, scrapedpaint, deck sweeping, wiping wastes, oily rags, and so forth.3.1.10 oily ragsrags that have been saturated with oil ascontrolled in Annex I to the Convention. Contaminated rags arerags that have been saturated with a substance defined as aharmful

22、substance in the other Annexes to the Convention.3.1.11 operational wastesall cargo-associated wastes andmaintenance waste (including ash and clinkers) and cargoresidues defined as garbage in 3.1.6.3.1.12 plastica solid material that contains as an essentialingredient one or more synthetic organic h

23、igh polymers and isformed (shaped) during either manufacture of the polymer orthe fabrication into a finished product by heat or pressure, orboth. Plastics have material properties ranging from hard andbrittle to soft and elastic. Plastics are used for a variety ofmarine purposes including, but not

24、limited to, packaging(vapor-proof barriers, bottles, containers, liners), ship construc-tion (fiberglass and laminated structures, siding, piping, insu-lation, flooring, carpets, fabrics, paints and finishes, adhesives,electrical and electronic components), disposable eating uten-sils and cups, bags

25、, sheeting, floats, fishing nets, strappingbands, rope, and line.3.1.13 sewagehuman body waste and the waste fromtoilets and other receptacles intended to receive or retain bodywastes. Sewage is drainage and other waste from toilets,urinals, and water closet scuppers as well as drainage frommedical

26、premises and from spaces containing living animals.3.1.14 shipa vessel of any type operating in the marineenvironment and includes hydrofoil boats, air-cushion ve-hicles, submersibles, floating craft, and fixed or floating plat-forms.3.1.15 sludge oilresidues from fuel and lubricating oilseparators,

27、 waste lubricating oil from main and auxiliarymachinery, waste oil from bilge water separators, drip trays,and so forth.3.1.16 wasteuseless, unneeded, or superfluous matterwhich is to be discarded.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders shall include the following information, in ac-cordance with Guide F

28、1322:4.1.1 Sizing requirements.4.1.2 Processing rate requirements.4.1.3 Additional control requirements.4.1.4 Any additional requirements required by the purchaserto meet special needs.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Metal parts of the incinerator exposed to the combustionprocess shall be made of ma

29、terials listed in Section I of theASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.5.2 Where welded construction is used, welded joint designdetails, welding, and nondestructive testing of the combustionchamber shall be in accordance with Section I of the ASMECode. Welders and weld procedures shall be qualified

30、 inaccordance with Section IX of the ASME Code.5.3 Piping and piping components associated with incinera-tors for fuel, sludge, and liquid cargo residues shall complywith ANSI B31.1 for design and material requirements. Fueloil pressure piping between service pumps and burners shallhave a relief val

31、ve fitted which will discharge into the suctionline or back into the tank. Pressure piping shall be of seamlesssteel with a thickness of at least Schedule 80. Short lengths ofsteel, or annealed copper nickel, nickel copper, or copper pipeand tubing may be used at the burners. The use of nonmetallicm

32、aterials for fuel lines is prohibited. Valves and fittings may bethreaded in sizes up to and including 2-in. normal pipe size(NPS) (60-mm outside diameter), but threaded unions are notto be used on pressure lines in sizes 1-in. NPS (33-mm outsidediameter) and over.5.4 If equipped with an electricall

33、y, hydraulically, or pneu-matically activated valve, the valve shall be designed to failclosed or in the safe position on loss of power whichever ismore appropriate to the applicable system.5.5 All rotating or moving mechanical and exposed electri-cal parts shall be protected against accidental cont

34、act. Allelectrical devices shall be enclosed in drip-proof or watertightenclosures.5.6 The coatings or paints shall not contain any heavymetals, such as, chromium, lead, tin, and so forth, or othermaterials banned by federal, state, or local authorities.5.7 Asbestos, mercury, cadmium, polychlorinate

35、d biphenyls(PCBs), and chlorinated plastics shall not be used in theconstruction of the incinerator or any subsystem, includinggaskets or lagging materials.5.8 Refractory shall be resistant to thermal shocks andresistant to normal ships vibration. The refractory designtemperature shall be equal to t

36、he combustion chamber designtemperature plus 20 % (see 6.1).F 132325.9 Incinerating systems shall be designed such that corro-sion will be minimized on the inside of the systems.5.10 In systems equipped for incinerating liquid wastes,safe ignition and maintenance of combustion shall be ensured,for e

37、xample, by a supplementary burner using gas oil/diesel oilor equivalent.5.11 The incinerating furnace may be charged with solidwaste either by hand or automatically. In every case, firedangers must be avoided and charging must be possiblewithout danger to the operating personnel.5.11.1 For instance,

38、 where charging is carried out by hand,a charging lock may be provided which ensures that thecharging space is isolated from the fire box as long as the fillinghatch is open.5.11.2 Where charging is not affected through a charginglock, an interlock shall be installed to prevent the charging doorfrom

39、 opening while the incinerator is in operation or while thefurnace temperature is above 220C (428F).5.12 Incinerators equipped with a feeding sluice shall en-sure that the material charged will move from the sluice to thecombustion chamber. Examples for accomplishing this are theuse of a clear path

40、down or a mechanical pusher.5.13 Interlocks shall be installed to prevent ash removaldoors from opening while burning is in progress or while thefurnace temperature is above 220C (428F).5.14 The incinerator shall be provided with a safe observa-tion port of the combustion chamber to provide visual c

41、ontrolof the burning process and waste accumulation in the combus-tion chamber. Neither heat, flame, nor particles shall be able topass through the observation port. An example of a safeobservation port is high-temperature glass with a metal closure.5.15 The outside surface of the combustion chamber

42、(s) shallbe shielded from contact such that people would not beexposed to extreme heat (maximum 20C (68F) above ambi-ent temperature) or direct contact of surface temperaturesexceeding 60C (140F). Examples for alternatives to accom-plish this are a double jacket with airflow in between or anexpanded

43、 metal jacket.5.16 Safety interlocks shall be provided to ensure that theincinerator cannot be operated if the shock cooling subsystemis not functioning properly.5.17 Electrical Requirements:5.17.1 GeneralInstallation requirements shall apply tocontrols, safety devices, and burners on incinerators.5

44、.17.1.1 A disconnecting means capable of being locked inthe open position shall be installed at an accessible location atthe incinerator so that the incinerator can be disconnected fromall sources of electrical potential. This disconnecting meansshall be an integral part of the incinerator or adjace

45、nt to it (see7.1).5.17.1.2 All rotating or moving parts that may cause injuryshall be guarded to avoid accidental contact.5.17.1.3 The electrical equipment shall be so arranged sothat failure of this equipment will cause the fuel supply to beshut off.5.17.1.4 The power supply to the electrical contr

46、ol systemshall be from a two-wire branch circuit that has a groundedconductor; otherwise, an isolation transformer with a two-wiresecondary shall be provided. When an isolation transformer isprovided, one side of the secondary winding shall be grounded.5.17.1.5 One side of all coils shall be electri

47、cally located inthe grounded side of the circuit. All switches, contacts, andovercurrent devices shall be electrically located in the un-grounded or “hot” side of the circuit. All electrical contacts ofevery safety device installed in the same control circuit shall beelectrically connected in series

48、. However, special considerationshall be given to arrangements when certain devices are wiredin parallel.5.17.1.6 All electrical components and devices shall have avoltage rating commensurate with the supply voltage of thecontrol system.5.17.1.7 All electrical devices shall be at least NEMA Type2 (D

49、rip tight). Electric equipment exposed to the weather shallbe at least NEMA Type 4.5.17.1.8 All electrical and mechanical control devices shallbe of a type tested and accepted by a nationally recognizedtesting agency.5.17.1.9 The design of the control circuits shall be such thatlimit, and primary safety controls shall directly open a circuitthat functions to interrupt the supply of fuel to combustionunits.5.17.2 Overcurrent Protection:5.17.2.1 Conductors for interconnecting wiring that issmaller than the supply conductors shall be provided withovercurrent pro