ASTM F1323-2014 Standard Specification for Shipboard Incinerators《船用焚烧装置的标准规格》.pdf

1、Designation: F1323 14 An American National StandardStandard Specification forShipboard Incinerators1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1323; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisio

2、n. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the design, manufacture,performance, operation, functioning, and testing of incineratorsintended to inci

3、nerate garbage and other shipboard wastesgenerated during the ships normal service (that is,maintenance, operational, domestic, and cargo-associatedwastes).1.2 This specification is a companion document to GuideF1322.1.3 This specification applies to those incinerator plantswith capacities up to 400

4、0 kW per unit.1.4 Additional information is given in Appendix X1 Appendix X8.1.5 This specification does not apply to systems on specialincinerator ships, for example, for burning industrial wastessuch as chemicals, manufacturing residues, and so forth.1.6 This specification does not address the ele

5、ctrical supplyto the unit nor the foundation connections and stack connec-tions.1.7 It is possible that this standard will involve hazardousmaterials, operations, and equipment. This standard does notpurport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associatedwith its use. It is the responsibil

6、ity of the user of this standardto establish appropriate safety and health practices anddetermine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior touse. If an incinerator is to be operated in coastal regions, thestrictest governing regulations for those countries in which theincinerator would pote

7、ntially operate would form the require-ment basis.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F1166 Practice for Human Engineering Design for MarineSystems, Equipment, and FacilitiesF1322 Guide for Selection of Shipboard Incinerators2.2 ASME Standard:3B31.1 Power PipingB31.3 Process Piping2.3 ASME Bo

8、iler and Pressure Vessel Code:4Section I Power BoilersSection IX Welding and Brazing Qualifications2.4 IMO Conventions:5SOLAS 74 International Convention for the Safety of Life atSea (SOLAS), 1974, as amendedMARPOL 74 International Convention for the Prevention ofPollution from Ships (MARPOL), 1973,

9、 as amended2.5 Underwriters Laboratory Standards:6UL 506 Standard for Specialty TransformersUL 814 Standard for Gas-Tube Signs and Ignition Cables2.6 Other Documents:7NFPA No. 70 National Electrical Code (NEC)NOTE 1Incinerators designed and manufactured in accordance withalternative standards must s

10、how compliance with this specification.3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 administration, nmeans the Government of the Statewhose flag the ship is entitled to fly.3.1.2 cargo residues, nmeans the remnants of any cargowhich are not covered by Annexes to MARPOL and whichremain on the deck or in holds

11、 following loading or unloading,including loading and unloading excess or spillage, whether inwet or dry condition or entrained in wash water but does not1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Shipsand Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee

12、 F25.06 onMarine Environmental Protection.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2014. Published January 2015. Originallyapproved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as F1323 08. DOI:10.1520/F1323-14.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer

13、Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org

14、.4Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.5Available from the International Maritime Organization, 4Albert Embankment,London SE1 7SR, UK.6Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL)

15、, 333 Pfingsten Rd.,Northbrook, IL 60062-2096, http:/.7Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 BatterymarchPark, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http:/www.nfpa.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1include c

16、argo dust remaining on the deck after sweeping ordust on the external surfaces of the ship.3.1.3 domestic waste, nall types of wastes not covered byAnnexes to MARPOL that are generated in the accommodationspaces on board the ship.3.1.3.1 DiscussionDomestic wastes does not include greywater.3.1.4 fis

17、hing gear, nany physical device or part thereof orcombination of items that may be placed on or in the water oron the sea-bed with the intended purpose of capturing, orcontrolling for subsequent capture or harvesting marine orfresh water organisms.3.1.5 food wastes, nany spoiled or unspoiled food su

18、b-stances and includes fruits, vegetables, dairy products, poultry,meat products and food scraps generated aboard ship.3.1.6 garbageall kinds of food wastes, domestic wastesand operational wastes, all plastics, cargo residues, incineratorashes, cooking oil, fishing gear, and animal carcasses generat

19、edduring the normal operation of the ship and liable to bedisposed of continuously or periodically except those sub-stances which are defined or listed in Annexes to MARPOL.3.1.6.1 DiscussionGarbage does not include fresh fish andparts thereof generated as a result of fishing activities under-taken

20、during the voyage, or as a result of aquaculture activitieswhich involve the transport of fish including shellfish forplacement in the aquaculture facility and the transport ofharvested fish including shellfish from such facilities to shorefor processing.3.1.7 graywater, ndrainage from dishwater, ga

21、lley sink,showers, laundries, baths, and handbasins as long as it is notmixed with sewage.3.1.8 incinerator or shipboard incinerator, na shipboardfacility designed for the primary purpose of incineration.3.1.9 oily rags, nrags that have been saturated with oil ascontrolled in Annex I to MARPOL.3.1.9

22、.1 DiscussionContaminated rags are rags that havebeen saturated with a substance defined as a harmful substancein Annexes to MARPOL.3.1.10 oil residue (sludge), nthe residual waste oil prod-ucts generated during the normal operation of a ship such asthose resulting from the purification of fuel or l

23、ubricating oilfor main or auxiliary machinery, separated waste oil from oilfiltering equipment, waste oil collected in drip trays, and wastehydraulic and lubricating oils.3.1.11 operational wastes, nall solid wastes (includingslurries) not covered by Annexes to MARPOL that are col-lected on board du

24、ring normal maintenance or operations of aship, or used for cargo stowage and handling.3.1.11.1 DiscussionOperational wastes also includecleaning agents and additives contained in cargo hold andexternal wash water. Operational wastes do not include greywater, bilge water or other similar discharges

25、essential to theoperation of a ship.3.1.12 plastic, na solid material that contains as an essen-tial ingredient one or more high molecular mass polymers andwhich is formed (shaped) during either manufacture of thepolymer or the fabrication into a finished product by heatand/or pressure.3.1.12.1 Disc

26、ussionPlastics have material properties rang-ing from hard and brittle to soft and elastic. For the purpose ofthis standard, plastic means all garbage that consists of orincludes plastic in any form, including synthetic ropes, syn-thetic fishing nets, plastic garbage bags and incinerator ashesfrom p

27、lastic products.3.1.13 recognized classification society, nAmerican Bu-reau of Shipping (ABS) or other classification society that is aparticipating member of the International Association of Clas-sification Societies (IACS).3.1.14 sewage, ndrainage and other wastes from any formof toilets and urina

28、ls; drainage from medical premises(dispensary, sick bay etc.) via wash basins, wash tubs andscuppers located in such premises; drainage from spacescontaining living animals; or other waste waters when mixedwith drainages defined as sewage.3.1.15 ship, na vessel of any type operating in the marineenv

29、ironment and includes hydrofoil boats, air-cushionvehicles, submersibles, floating craft, and fixed or floatingplatforms.3.1.16 wasteuseless, unneeded, or superfluous matterwhich is to be discarded.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders shall include the following information, in ac-cordance with Guide F

30、1322:4.1.1 Sizing requirements.4.1.2 Processing rate requirements.4.1.3 Additional control requirements.4.1.4 All applicable requirements contained in the supple-mental requirements section.4.1.5 Any additional requirements required by the purchaserto meet special needs.5. Materials and Manufacture5

31、.1 Metal parts of the incinerator exposed to the combustionprocess shall be made of materials listed in Section I of theASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.5.2 Where welded construction is used, welded joint designdetails, welding, and nondestructive testing of the combustionchamber shall be in acc

32、ordance with Section I of the ASMECode. Welders and weld procedures shall be qualified inaccordance with Section IX of the ASME Code. Alternatively,design, welding (including welders and weld procedures), andtesting are permitted to be in accordance with rules of arecognized classification society.5

33、.3 Piping and piping components associated with incinera-tors for fuel, sludge, and liquid cargo residues shall complywith ASME B31.1 or ASME B31.3 for design and materialrequirements.5.3.1 Fuel oil pressure piping between service pumps andburners shall have a relief valve fitted which will discharg

34、e intothe suction line or back into the tank.F1323 1425.3.2 Pressure piping shall be of seamless steel with athickness of at least Schedule 80. Short lengths of steel tubing,or annealed copper nickel, nickel copper, or copper pipe andtubing are acceptable for use at the burners for flexibility.5.3.3

35、 The use of nonmetallic materials for fuel lines isprohibited.5.3.4 Valves and fittings shall not be threaded in sizes over2-in. nominal pipe size (NPS) (60-mm outside diameter).5.3.5 Threaded unions shall not be used on pressure lines insizes 1-in. NPS (33-mm outside diameter) and over.5.3.6 Gasket

36、s in fuel piping shall be fire resistant andsuitable for the fuel type5.4 If equipped with an electrically, hydraulically, or pneu-matically activated valve, the valve shall be designed to failclosed or in the safe position on loss of power whichever ismore appropriate to the applicable system.5.5 A

37、ll rotating or moving mechanical and exposed electri-cal parts shall be protected against accidental contact. Allelectrical devices shall be enclosed in drip-proof or watertightenclosures.5.6 The coatings or paints shall not contain any heavymetals, such as, chromium, lead, tin, and so forth, or oth

38、ermaterials banned by federal, state, or local authorities.5.7 Asbestos, mercury, cadmium, polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs), and chlorinated plastics shall not be used in theconstruction of the incinerator or any subsystem, includinggaskets or lagging materials.5.8 Refractory shall be resistant to th

39、ermal shocks andresistant to normal ships vibration. The refractory designtemperature shall be equal to the combustion chamber designtemperature plus 20 % (see 6.1).5.9 Incinerating systems shall be designed such that corro-sion will be minimized on the inside of the systems.5.10 In systems equipped

40、 for incinerating liquid wastes,safe ignition and maintenance of combustion shall be ensured,for example, by a supplementary burner using gas oil/diesel oilor equivalent.5.11 The incinerating furnace shall be designed so that whenit is charged with solid waste either by hand or automatically,the fir

41、e dangers shall be avoided and charging is performedwithout danger to the operating personnel.5.11.1 For instance, where charging is carried out by hand,except as provided for in 5.11.2, a charging lock shall beprovided which ensures that the charging space is isolated fromthe fire box as long as th

42、e filling hatch is open.5.11.2 Where charging is not affected through a charginglock, an interlock shall be installed to prevent the charging doorfrom opening while the incinerator is in operation or while thefurnace temperature is above 220C (428F).5.12 Incinerators equipped with a feeding sluice s

43、hall en-sure that the material charged will move from the sluice to thecombustion chamber. Examples for accomplishing this are theuse of a clear path down or a mechanical pusher.5.13 Interlocks shall be installed to prevent ash removaldoors from opening while burning is in progress or while thefurna

44、ce temperature is above 220C (428F).5.14 The incinerator shall be provided with a safe observa-tion port of the combustion chamber to provide visual controlof the burning process and waste accumulation in the combus-tion chamber. Neither heat, flame, nor particles shall be able topass through the ob

45、servation port. An example of a safeobservation port is high-temperature glass with a metal closure.5.15 The outside surface of the combustion chamber(s) shallbe shielded from contact such that people would not beexposed to extreme heat (maximum 20C (68F) above ambi-ent temperature) or direct contac

46、t of surface temperaturesexceeding 60C (140F). Examples for alternatives to accom-plish this are a double jacket with airflow in between or anexpanded metal jacket.5.16 Safety interlocks shall be provided to ensure that theincinerator cannot be operated if the shock cooling subsystemis not functioni

47、ng properly.5.17 Electrical Requirements:5.17.1 GeneralInstallation requirements shall apply tocontrols, safety devices, and burners on incinerators.5.17.1.1 A disconnecting means capable of being locked inthe open position shall be installed at an accessible location atthe incinerator so that the i

48、ncinerator can be disconnected fromall sources of electrical potential. This disconnecting meansshall be an integral part of the incinerator or adjacent to it (see7.1).5.17.1.2 All rotating or moving parts that have the potentialto cause injury shall be guarded to avoid accidental contact.5.17.1.3 T

49、he electrical equipment shall be so arranged sothat failure of this equipment will cause the fuel supply to beshut off.5.17.1.4 The power supply to the electrical control systemshall be from a two-wire branch circuit that has a groundedconductor; otherwise, an isolation transformer with a two-wiresecondary shall be provided. When an isolation transformer isprovided, one side of the secondary winding shall be grounded.5.17.1.5 One side of all coils shall be electrically located inthe grounded side of the circuit. All switches, contacts