1、Designation: F 1470 02Standard Guide forFastener Sampling for Specified Mechanical Properties andPerformance Inspection1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1470; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the
2、 year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThroughout this guide the terms detection and prevention apply to quality control systems. A briefdescriptio
3、n of both is provided to assist the purchaser in the application of this guide.The detection system relies on inspection as the primary means of controlling the quality offurnished material. Methods include in-process and final inspection. In-process inspection is typicallyperformed by the individua
4、l performing the process and generally includes a first-piece inspection bysomeone other than the operator. Quality-control inspection may perform audit inspections on theprocess output during the course of the production run. In addition, a final inspection is performed byquality control inspectors
5、 according to a prescribed sample plan. The other sample plans utilize zerodefects as their acceptance criteria.The prevention system uses advanced quality planning in addition to many of the techniques usedin the detection system. Quality planning incorporates a systems approach to quality control
6、thatfocuses on defect prevention and continual improvement. In addition, Statistical Process Control(SPC) is usually applied to control the process, thereby reducing the variability of the output.The ISO 9000, QS 9000, and the ASQ Q9000, quality system standards, or a combination thereof,are models
7、that may be used in establishing a prevention-based quality system.1. Scope1.1 This guide provides sampling methods for determininghow many fasteners to include in a random sample in order todetermine the acceptability or disposition of a given lot offasteners.1.2 This guide is for mechanical proper
8、ties, physical prop-erties, coating requirements, and other quality requirementsspecified in the standards of ASTM Committee F16. Dimen-sional and thread criteria sampling plans are the responsibilityof ASME Committee B18.1.3 This guide provides for two sampling plans: one desig-nated the “detection
9、 process,” as described in TerminologyF 1789, and one designated the “prevention process,” asdescribed in Terminology F 1789.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:F 1789 Terminology for F16 Mechanical Fasteners22.2 ASME Standards:ASME B18.18.2M Inspection and Quality Assurance forHigh-Volume Mac
10、hine Assembly FasternersASME B18.18.3M Inspection and Quality Assurance forSpecial Purpose Fasteners3ASME B18.18.5M Inspection and Quality Assurance PlanRequiring In-Process Inspection and Controls3ASME B18.18.6M Quality Assurance Plan for FastenersProduced in Third Party Accreditation System32.3 AS
11、Q Standards:ASQ Q9000 Quality Management and Quality AssuranceStandardsGuidelines for Selection and Use3ASQ Q9001 Quality Management Systems3ASQ Q9002 Quality SystemsModel for Quality Assur-ance in Production and Installation3ASQ Q9004 Quality Management and Quality SystemElementsGuidelines for Qual
12、ity Improvement32.4 AIAG Standards:QS 9000 Quality System Requirements42.5 ISO Standards:1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on Fasteners andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.93 on Quality Assurance Provisionsfor Fasteners.Current edition approved April 10, 200
13、2. Published May 2002. Originallypublished as F 147093. Last previous edition F 147001.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.08.3Available from the American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., 13thFloor, New York, NY 10036.4Available from Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG), 26200 Lah
14、ser Rd.,Ste. 2000, Southfield, MI 480349738.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.ISO 9000 Quality Management Systems3ISO 9001 Quality Management Systems Requirements3ISO 9002 Quality SystemsModel for Quality Assurancein Pr
15、oduction and Installation3ISO 9004 Quality Management SystemsGuidelines forImprovements33. Terminology3.1 Terms shall be defined in accordance with TerminologyF 1789.3.2 Definitions:3.2.1 material review, nan evaluation by a team offastener experts to determine the fasteners nonconformancewith respe
16、ct to fitness for general use, fitness for intended use,or fitness for specified use.3.2.2 random sampling, nwhen every fastener in the lothas an equal and independent chance of being chosen as thesample. The sample may be returned to the lot if it has not beenaltered or destroyed during the inspect
17、ion/test upon completionof sampling.3.2.3 test, nan element of inspection that generally de-notes the determination by technical means of the properties orelements of supplies, or components thereof and involves theapplication of established scientific principles and procedures.3.2.4 zero defects, n
18、zero defects applies only to therandom sample. It gives a 95% confidence level that theshipping lot is free from defects.4. Significance and Use4.1 Sampling shall be selected in a random manner, ensur-ing that any unit in the lot has an equal chance of being chosen.Sampling should not be localized b
19、y selections being takenfrom the top of a container or from only one container ofmulticontainer lots.4.2 The purchaser should be aware of the suppliers qualityassurance system. This can be accomplished by auditing thesuppliers quality system, if qualified auditors are available, orby third-party ass
20、essment certification, such as provided by QS9000, ASQ 9000, or ISO 9000.5. Ordering Information5.1 The purchaser shall specify at the time of order inquiry,the specification number, the issue date and the sampling plan(detection process or prevention process) required from thesupplier.5.2 Guideline
21、s for sampling plan selection are provided inSection 6.6. Selection of Sampling Plans6.1 Except as specified in 6.2, the detection process sam-pling level in accordance with Table 1 shall be applied.6.2 If the manufacturers quality system conforms withASME B18.18.5M, B18.18.6M, QS 9000, ASQ Q9001, Q
22、9002(up until the year 2003), ISO 9001, or ISO 9002 (up until theyear 2003), the manufacturer shall be permitted to choosebetween the Prevention or Detection process for inspection andtest purposes. Purchasers shall retain the right to specify thePrevention or Detection process at the time of inquir
23、y or order(see Table 2).7. Acceptance Criteria7.1 The acceptance criteria for Table 3 is to accept the lot ifzero nonconforming parts are detected in the random sampleand reject the lot if at least one nonconforming part is detectedin the random sample.8. Disposition of Nonconforming Lots8.1 Manufac
24、turers OptionsThe manufacturer shallchoose one of the following options in the disposition of thosefasteners that have been found to contain nonconformities priorto shipment. The fastener manufacturer shall maintain recordsof disposition.8.1.1 They may be scrapped.8.1.2 They may be 100 % sorted, and
25、 all nonconformingparts removed.8.1.3 They may be reworked or reprocessed to correct thenonconforming characteristic(s).8.1.4 The manufacturer may make concession by use of adocumented internal review procedure and determine to shipproduct that is found to contain minor nonconformances thatare not c
26、ritical or key characteristics as determined by the enduser. Nonconformance of critical or key characteristics shallneed approval from the end user prior to shipment of product.(See 8.1.6.) (See QS 9000, 4.13.1.2, b.)8.1.5 They may be regraded for alternative applications.(See QS 9000, 4.13.1.2, c.)
27、8.1.6 The end user may be informed of the nonconformityor nonconformities and his advice requested on their disposi-tion. The user may consider the degree to which the charac-teristic(s) deviate(s) from specified requirements and the sig-nificance of the effect on the assembly or performance of thef
28、asteners in their service application. The user may authorize awritten release of the fasteners for completion of production orfor shipment, as applicable.8.2 End User OptionsThe end user shall choose one ofthe following options for the disposition of those fastener lotsthat have been rejected after
29、 delivery:8.2.1 The end user considers the degree to which thecharacteristic(s) deviate(s) from specified requirements and theeffect on their performance in the intended service application.The end user may authorize release of the parts or fastener lotsfor use.8.2.2 They may be scrapped.8.2.3 They
30、may be 100 % sorted and nonconforming partsremoved.8.2.4 They may be reworked or reprocessed to correct thenonconforming characteristic(s).8.2.5 They may be returned.F 1470 022TABLE 1 Sampling Level for the Detection ProcessNOTE 1Legend: WAWhere Applicable.NANot Applicable.CharacteristicDescription
31、of ControlSample LevelAInternally ThreadedPartsExternally ThreadedPartsNon-threaded WashersAdhesion (coating) C WA WA WA WAAssembly tension test B NA WA NA NABend, body (nails) A NA NA WA NABend, notched (bolts) B NA WA NA NABend, body (track spikes) C NA NA WA NABreaking strength (eyebolts) C NA WA
32、 NA NACarbide precipitation C WA WA WA WACase depth/decarburization C WA WA WA WAChemistryB AWAWCompression (washer direct tension) A NA NA NA WACone proof C WA NA NA NADrive test A WA WA NA NAElongationMachined specimen C NA WA WA NAExtension at failure C NA WA WA NAGrain sizeC WAWAWWHardnessDBBend
33、, head (track spikes) C NA NA WA NAHumidity B WA WA WA WAHydrogen embrittlement B WA WA WA WAImpact C NA WA WA NALubrication B WA WA WA WAMagnetic permeability B WA WA WA WAPackagingE AWAWPlating/coating thickness (weight) A WA WA WA WAProduct identification markingFProof loadFull size C WA WA NA NA
34、Reduction of areaMachined specimen C NA WA WA NABend, rivet B NA NA WA NAFlattening, rivet B NA NA WA NARotational capacity C WA WA NA WASalt sprayGAWAWShear strength C NA WA WA NAStress corrosion B WA WA WA WASurface discontinuities B WA WA WA WASurface roughness B WA WA WA WATensile strengthFull s
35、izeHCN NTensile strengthMachined specimen C NA WA WA NATorqueI(prevailing) C WA WA NA NATorque (torsional strength) C WA WA NA NAYield strengthFull size C NA WA NA NAYield strengthMachined specimen C NA WA NA NAAQuantity of samples is in Table 3, Sample Size.BA certified copy of the materials chemic
36、al or product analysis shall be furnished with each shipping lot, and the shipping lot shall have documentation providingtraceability to this chemical analysis. It is required that the purchaser of the raw material (used to manufacture) shall verify that the material is the material specified onthe
37、purchase order.CThe steel producer shall provide the steel making practice (course or fine grain) on their certification. The steel producer may specify grain size at their option.DSurface or core, or both, as applicable.EAll packaging requirements shall be in conformance with the applicable packagi
38、ng standard.FVisual inspection for conformance.GContinuous monitoring of salt spray performance in accordance with the recommendation of Table B in Appendix 1 of ASME B18.18.2M constitutes compliance withthe requirements for salt spray testing outlined in this table.HWedge angle or axial test as app
39、licable.IPrevailing torque test includes thread start, all specified torque requirements, and retention of locking feature, when applicable.F 1470 023TABLE 2 Sampling Level for the Prevention ProcessNOTE 1Legend: WAWhere Applicable.NANot Applicable.CharacteristicDescription of ControlSample LevelA,B
40、Internally ThreadedPartsExternally ThreadedPartsNon-threaded WashersAdhesion (coating) D WA WA WA WAAssembly tension test C NA WA NA NABend, body (nails) B NA NA WA NABend, notched (bolts) C NA WA NA NABend, body (track spikes) D NA NA WA NABreaking strength (eyebolts) D NA WA NA NACarbide precipita
41、tion D WA WA WA WACase depth/decarburization D WA WA WA WAChemistryC AWAWCompression (washer direct tension) B NA NA NA WACone proof D WA NA NA NADrive test B WA WA NA NAElongationMachined specimen D NA WA WA NAExtension at failure D NA WA WA NAGrain sizeD WAWAWWHardnessECBend, head (track spikes) D
42、 NA NA WA NAHumidity C WA WA WA WAHydrogen embrittlement C WA WA WA WAImpact D NA WA WA NALubrication C WA WA WA WAMagnetic permeability C WA WA WA WAPackagingF AWAWPlating/coating thickness (weight) B WA WA WA WAProduct identification markingGProof loadFull size D WA WA NA NAReduction of areaMachin
43、ed specimen D NA WA WA NABend, rivet C NA NA WA NAFlattening, rivet C NA NA WA NARotational capacity D WA WA NA WASalt sprayHAWAWShear strength D NA WA WA NAStress corrosion C WA WA WA WASurface discontinuities C WA WA WA WASurface roughness C WA WA WA WATensile strengthFull sizeIDN NTensile strengt
44、hMachined specimen D NA WA WA NATorqueJ(prevailing) D WA WA NA NATorque (torsional strength) D WA WA NA NAYield strengthFull size D NA WA NA NAYield strengthMachined specimen D NA WA NA NAAFinal inspection of a characteristic may be carried out at any stage of manufacture, provided the characteristi
45、c is not subject to change in any further manufacturingor processing operation. Therefore, the testing of those samples may be deducted from the sample level specified.BQuantity of samples is in Table 3, Sample Size.CA certified copy of the materials chemical or product analysis shall be furnished w
46、ith each shipping lot, and the shipping lot shall have documentation providingtraceability to this chemical analysis. It is required that the purchaser of the raw material (used to manufacture) shall verify that the material is the material specified onthe purchase order.DSteel making practice (cour
47、se or fine grain) shall be included with the material producers chemical analysis report.ESurface, core, or both, as applicable.FAll packaging requirements shall be in conformance with the applicable packaging standard.GVisual inspection for conformance.HContinuous monitoring of salt spray performan
48、ce in accordance with the recommendation of Table B in Appendix 1 of ASME B18.18.2M constitutes compliance withthe requirements for salt spray testing outlined in this table.IWedge angle or axial test as applicable.JPrevailing torque test includes thread start, all specified torque requirements, and
49、 retention of locking feature, when applicable.F 1470 0248.3 Distributor OptionsThe distributor shall choose oneof the following options for the disposition of those fastenerlots that have been rejected after delivery.8.3.1 They may be scrapped.8.3.2 They may be 100 % sorted, and nonconforming partsmay be removed with the written agreement of the manufac-turer.58.3.3 They may be reworked or reprocessed to correct thenonconforming characteristic(s) with the written agreement ofthe manufacturer.58.3.4 They may be returned.58.4 Reinspecti
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