1、Designation: F 1551 03An American National StandardStandard Test Methods forComprehensive Characterization of Synthetic Turf PlayingSurfaces and Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1551; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adopti
2、on or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 These test methods establish a recommended list of testmethods to be used
3、 for the identification of physical propertycharacteristics and comparison of the performance propertiesof synthetic turf systems or components for athletic andrecreational uses, or both.1.2 The test procedures included in these test methods applyas a group to the description of synthetic turf playi
4、ng surfaces.1.3 Some of the test procedures are specific for componentsof the synthetic turf system, and others apply to the completesynthetic turf playing surface.1.4 Some of the test procedures are suitable only for thelaboratory characterization of either components or the com-plete system; other
5、s are suitable for tests on installed sportsfields; and some tests may be applied in both the laboratory andthe field.1.5 Reference to the methods for testing the synthetic turfplaying surface and its components contained herein shouldstate specifically the particular test or tests desired and notne
6、cessarily refer to these test methods as a whole.1.6 This is a physical property characterization standard,and it shall not be construed as a safety standard.1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.8 This standard
7、 does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM
8、Standards:22.1.1 Pile Fiber:D 789 Test Methods for Determination of Relative Viscos-ity and Moisture Content of Polyamide (PA)D 792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD 1577 Test Methods for Linear Density of Textile FibersD 2256 Test Method
9、for Tensile Properties of Yarns by theSingle-Strand Method2.1.2 Fabric:D 418 Methods of Testing Pile Yarn Floor Covering Con-struction3D 1335 Test Method for Tuft Bind of Pile Yarn FloorCoveringsD 1682 Test Methods for Breaking Load and Elongation ofTextile Fabrics3D 1776 Practice for Conditioning a
10、nd Testing TextilesD 2859 Test Method for Ignition Characteristics of Fin-ished Textile Floor Covering MaterialsD 4158 Guide for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics(Uniform Abrasion)D 5251 Practice for the Operation of the Tetrapod WalkerDrum TesterE 648 Test Method for Critical Radiant Flux of F
11、loor-Covering Systems Using a Radiant Heat Energy SourceF 1015 Test Method for Relative Abrasiveness of SyntheticTurf Playing Surfaces2.1.3 Shock Absorbing Cushion Underlayment:D 395 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyCompressionSetD 412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermo-plastic ElastomersT
12、ensionD 624 Test Method for Tear Strength of ConventionalVulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic ElastomersD 1667 Specification for Flexible Cellular MaterialsVinyl Chloride Polymers and Copolymers (Closed-CellFoam)D 1876 Test Method for Peel Resistance of Adhesives(T-Peel Test)D 2126 Test Method for Re
13、sponse of Rigid Cellular Plasticsto Thermal and Humid AgingD 3574 Test Methods for Flexible Cellular MaterialsSlab,1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 onSports Equipment and Facilities and are the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF08.65 on Artificial Turf Surface
14、s and Systems.Current edition approved Feb. 10, 2003. Published March 2003. Originallyapproved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 1994 as F 1551 94.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of AST
15、MStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Bonded, and Molded Urethane FoamsD 3575 Test Methods for Flexible Cellular Mate
16、rials MadeFrom Olefin PolymersD 3936 Test Method for Resistance to the Delamination ofSecondary Backing of Pile Yarn Floor CoveringF 355 Test Method for Shock-Absorbing Properties of Play-ing Surface Systems and Materials2.1.4 Turf Systems:D 1667 Specification for Flexible Cellular MaterialsVinyl Ch
17、loride Polymers and Copolymers (Closed-CellFoam)F 355 Test Method for Shock-Absorbing Properties of Play-ing Surface Systems and MaterialsF 1015 Test Method for Relative Abrasiveness of SyntheticTurf Playing SurfacesF 1936 Specification for Shock-Absorbing Properties ofNorth American Football Field
18、Playing Systems as Mea-sured in the Field2.2 Other Standards:2.2.1 Turf Systems:AT 030 Sports Shoe TractionDIN 18-035 Part 6Water Permeability of Synthetic TurfSystems and Permeable BasesNOTE 1AstroTurft Industries internal test procedures are suitable asbases for new ASTM test methods as follows: (
19、1) Water Permeability ofSynthetic Turf (DIN 18-035, Part 6); and (2) Ball Bounce and BallRebound.3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsTerms are as defined in the referencedASTM procedures comprising these test methods.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 fabric constructionthe method of
20、assembly of pileribbon and backing yarns that produces the fabric, usuallytufting, knitting, or weaving.3.2.2 lengthwise direction, nin textiles, the direction in amachine-made fabric parallel to the direction of movement thefabric followed in the manufacturing machine.3.2.3 mattingthe extent of cha
21、nge of the apparent syn-thetic turf pile thickness from the original value due topermanent compression of the pile from sports use.3.2.4 pile, nfor pile ribbon turf surfacing, the texturesurface composed of many tuft legs bound to backing fabric inan orderly and repetitive array.3.2.5 pile laythe di
22、rection in which most of the pile fiberslean in the original, uncrushed fabric.3.2.6 secondary backinga material adhered to the backingside of a pile turf fabric.3.2.7 sports shoe tractiona measure of the static or slidingcoefficient of friction between a weighted sports shoe and theturf pile surfac
23、e, horizontal motion.3.2.8 sports shoe traction differentiala measure of differ-ence in sports shoe traction in two or more directions along theturf pile surface.3.2.9 synthetic turf system(all except bases and sub-bases) includes turf fabric, with attached or detached undercushion.3.2.10 synthetic
24、turf system componentsthe separate com-ponents such as turf fabric, shock-absorbing pad, and adhesivesthat comprise the synthetic turf playing surface when as-sembled; the subcomponents such as pile ribbon and backingyarns that comprise the turf fabric.3.2.11 texturethe detailed configuration of loo
25、ps, cut pileends, and individual fibers in the pile layer.3.2.11.1 DiscussionTexture is the detailed appearance ofthe pile that changes by matting, crushing, flattening, fuzzing,untwisting, etc. during exposure to service. The texture shouldbe distinguished from the construction, that is, the specif
26、ica-tions of kinds of yarns, yarn sizes, and the mode of combina-tion.3.2.12 water permeabilitythe rate at which water of aspecified head flows vertically through synthetic turf or othercomponents of the system.4. Summary of Test Methods4.1 The purpose of these test methods is to provide acomprehens
27、ive characterization of synthetic turf playing sur-faces through reference to existing ASTM procedures.4.2 Specific conditions of the referenced ASTM proceduresare recommended to encourage uniform application of thesetest methods.4.3 Table 1 contains a list of all the assigned suffix lettersthat may
28、 be used for describing the system and components ofthese test methods.5. Significance and Use5.1 These test methods constitute a standard for obtainingdata in research and development, quality control, acceptanceand rejection under specifications, and for special purposes.5.2 The data obtained from
29、 use of these test methods areapplicable to the system and its components under conditionsof the particular test procedures and are not necessarily thesame as the data that might be obtained in other environmentsor use conditions.5.3 The selection of test methods or tests should be limitedto those n
30、ecessary to achieve design of the system.6. Conditioning of Materials6.1 Conduct laboratory tests under known conditions oftemperature and humidity as specified in the individual testprocedures. In the absence of specified conditions, tests mustbe conducted under the standard laboratory conditions o
31、f 23 62C (73.4 6 3F) and 65 6 5 % relative humidity. Materialsmust be conditioned, undeflected, and undistorted at thetemperature and humidity of test for at least 24 h prior totesting.6.2 Conduct field tests on installed, indoor or outdoorsynthetic turf playing surfaces at ambient temperature andhu
32、midity conditions. Measure and record the temperature ofthe synthetic turf surface, shock-absorbing pad, or otherspecific components being characterized by the particular test.7. Sampling7.1 For laboratory tests, select representative samples ofcomponents, in accordance with specific sampling instru
33、ctionsof the test procedure, when provided.7.2 For field tests, specify locations on the synthetic turfplaying surface where tests are conducted.F15510328. Application of Test Procedures8.1 References to the ASTM test procedures stated inSection 9 are to be followed with regard to the apparatus,prep
34、aration of specimens, procedures, calculations, and report-ing of results, except when different conditions are notedspecifically in these test methods.8.2 Precision and bias statements are given for each testprocedure in the respective test methods.8.3 Specific conditions of the referenced ASTM tes
35、t proce-dures are recommended in each case, except where specified inthese test methods.TEST PROCEDURES9. Suffix ATest Methods D 789, Determination ofRelative Viscosity, Melting Point, and MoistureContent of Polyamide (PA)9.1 Scope:9.1.1 These test methods describe several techniques for thecharacte
36、rization of polyamides, polypropylene, and other fi-bers.9.1.2 The applicable part of this test procedure is thatdescribing the measurement of melting point for polyamidefibers and other fibers used in constructing synthetic turffabrics.9.2 Test Method Specific Conditions:9.2.1 A temperature rise of
37、 2C/min with the Fisher-Johnsmelting point apparatus is recommended.9.2.2 Acceptable alternatives for the measurement of melt-ing point are the use of differential thermal analysis (DTA) ordifferential scanning calorimetry (DSC) instruments. FollowTest Methods D 789 where applicable. Report the temp
38、eraturerise and other pertinent experimental conditions used withDTA or DSC.10. Suffix WTest Method 792, Specific Gravity(Relative Density) and Density of Plastics byDisplacement10.1 Scope:10.1.1 This test procedure describes measurement of thespecific gravity of fibers and filaments.10.1.2 This tes
39、t is appropriate and applicable to the pileribbon component of synthetic turf fabrics before the product ismade.11. Suffix WTest Methods D 1577, Linear Density ofTextile Fibers11.1 Scope:11.1.1 This test procedure describes measurement of thelinear density (denier, tex) of textile fibers and filamen
40、ts.11.1.2 The test is appropriate and applicable to the pileribbon component of synthetic turf fabrics before the product ismade.11.2 Test Method Specific Conditions:11.2.1 Test Method AThe direct weighing method isrecommended.11.2.2 The linear density of finish-free fiber is the recom-mended measur
41、ement; see 12.1 of Test Methods D 1577.12. Suffix TTest Method D 2256, Tensile Properties ofYarns by the Single-Strand Method12.1 Scope:12.1.1 This test procedure describes measurement of thetensile properties strength, elongation, and (optionally) modu-lus for textile fibers and filaments.12.1.2 Th
42、e test is appropriate and applicable to the pileribbon component of synthetic turf fabrics before the product ismade.12.2 Test Method Specific Conditions:12.2.1 Option A1, standard-conditioned, straight fiber orfilament is recommended.12.2.2 Horn grip clamps are recommended.12.2.3 The recommended ga
43、ge length is 15.2 cm (6 in.).12.2.4 The recommended cross-head speed is 25.4 cm/min(10 in./min).12.2.5 The tangent method is recommended if the modulusis calculated (Appendix, Test Method D 2256).TABLE 1 Suffix Letter Designations: Performance Test Methodsfor Synthetic Turf SurfacesASTMTestMethodTes
44、tMethodSuffixPile Fiber SectionD 789 melting point 9D 792 density (specific gravity) 10D 1577 A linear density of textile fibers (denier) 11D 2256 A-1 breaking strength and elongation 12FabricD 418 pile fiber construction 13D 418 pile height 13D 1335 resistance to tuft pullout 14D 1682 G-T grab tear
45、 strength 15D 4158 abrasion resistance (uniform abrasion method) 16D 2859 flammability of pile floor covering (methenaminetablet test)17E 648 flammability of synthetic turf (flooring radiant paneltest)18F 1015 relative abrasiveness of synthetic turf surfaces 19D 5251 resistance to matting (tetrapod
46、method) 32Shock Absorbing Pad ComponentD 395 compressionsetunderconstantload20D 624 Die C tear resistance 21D 1667 D compression resistance 22D 1876 T-peel strength of secondary pad 23D 2126 hydrolytic stability 24D 3574 E tensile and elongation 25D 3936 delamination strength of secondary backing 26
47、F 355 shock absorbency of playing surface systems andmaterials27D 3575 L water absorption (% weight gain) 28Turf SystemsF 1015 relative abrasiveness of synthetic turf surfaces 19D 1667 D compression resistance (modified method) 22F 1936 A shock absorbency of playing surface systems inthe field27F 35
48、5 shock absorbency of playing surface systems andmaterials28MTP-0030 sports shoe traction and traction differential(coefficient of friction)30DIN 18-035 water permeability of synthetic turf system 31ball bounceball rebound 32F155103312.2.6 The measurement of strength and elongation may beconducted o
49、n monofilaments or multifilament yarns; specifywhich.13. Methods D 418, Testing Pile Yarn Floor CoveringConstruction13.1 Scope:13.1.1 The test methods are designed for the characteriza-tion of pile materials such as carpets.13.1.2 This test procedure describes several methods appro-priate and applicable for characterizing synthetic turf fabrics bypile thickness, tuft height (blade length), and suitable measure-ments of fabric weight.13.1.3 Some of the test procedures, such as tuft height(blade length), are applicable in the field as well as in thelaborat
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