1、Designation: F 1694 96 (Reapproved 2004)Standard Guide forComposing Walkway Surface Evaluation and IncidentReport Forms for Slips, Stumbles, Trips, and Falls1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1694; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal ado
2、ption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide provides a listing of items that may be usefulin recording
3、and evaluating the conditions of a walkwaysurface, including ramps and stairs, that may involve a slip,stumble, or trip that may result in a fall.1.2 This guide provides a listing of data that may be usefulin evaluating a slip, stumble, trip, slip and fall, stumble andfall, or trip and fall incident
4、.1.3 Nomenclature is provided to obtain uniform languagefor reports.1.4 Field lengths and codes are provided, in the appendixes,and are appropriate for recording data in a computerizeddatabase and for obtaining uniformity between databases.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafe
5、ty concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F 1646 Terminology Relating to S
6、afety and Traction forFootwear3. Terminology3.1 See Terminology F 1646 for the following term used inthis guide:3.1.1 SIC4. Significance and Use4.1 This guide provides recommendations for recordingwalkway surface evaluation and incident report data pertainingto slips, trips, stumbles, and falls. It
7、is intended to aidindividuals or entities in the development of their own specialreporting system. It is recognized that a user may use this guidein its entirety or may extract only those segments providing thelevel of information required. Depending on the intended use,a report form may be designed
8、 to be used alone or as asupplement to or incorporated within another report form. Thisguide is not a final report form. It lists items consideredappropriate for inclusion into a questionnaire, document, orreport.4.2 Potential users include persons interested in the preven-tion and investigation of
9、slip, trip, stumble, and fall phenom-ena, such as insurance company loss control specialists,industrial and commercial safety professionals, plant andfacilities management personnel, forensic engineers, and re-search personnel concerned with factor correlation, statisticsacquisition, loss control, a
10、nd cost control. Data on recordmaintenance may be of special interest in the preparation ofdocuments for firms seeking ISO 9000 certification.4.3 This guide provides a systematic approach to creating areport form suitable for entry into a computerized database.Uniform data recording provides ready c
11、omparison of databetween databases or evaluation within one database.4.4 This guide provides uniform language appropriate forcreating a form for manually recording information regardingpedestrian walkway evaluations and slip, trip, and fall inci-dents.4.5 Requirements for ReportingInformation specif
12、ic tosite location and case identification is given in 6.2; informationspecific to walkway evaluation is given in 6.3; informationspecific to slip, trip, and fall incidents is given in 6.4.5. Procedure5.1 Preparing Report Form(s)Use the requirements of6.1-6.3 to prepare a floor evaluation report. Us
13、e all of therequirements of Section 6, including 6.4, to prepare slip andfall, stumble and fall, and trip and fall incident reports andreports of near falls.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F13 on Pedestrian/Walkway Safety and Footwear and is the direct responsibility of Subco
14、mmitteeF13.50 on Walkway Surfaces.Current edition approved June 1, 2004. Published June 2004. Originallyapproved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 1996 as F 1694 96.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For
15、Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6. Report6.1 Form of ReportThe report may be narrative or coded.The form
16、 may be written or computerized, or the original datamay be written and then computerized.6.1.1 Field LengthItems for which the computer entry ofdata may be desirable are listed in Appendix X2, along with arecommended field length.6.1.2 This guide offers a multitude of possible answers forsome requi
17、rements, as for footwear bottom materials andwalkway surface materials. A form may be composed with asimply stated question on the form. Possible responses may belisted adjacent to the question, in a supplement, in instructionsthat the entity issues regarding the form, or on the reverse sideof the f
18、orm. The responses suggested in this guide may besupplemented by responses or products unique to the entityrequiring the report.6.2 Case Identity:6.2.1 Date of ReportEnter indicates the mmddyy, wheremm indicates the month, 01 through 12; dd indicates the day ofthe month, 01 through 31; and yy indica
19、tes the last two digitsof the year.6.2.2 Case Number or IdentifierUse a private alpha-numeric designation, as desired, for identifying a single case.6.2.3 Report TypeWalkway evaluation only or incident.An incident report will include a walkway evaluation.6.2.4 Owner LocationReport the company name,
20、mailingaddress, city, state, mail zip code, and country.6.2.4.1 Contact Person at Owner Location Record thelast name, first name, and middle initial; and telephone number,including area code; telephone extension; and facsimile ma-chine number.6.2.4.2 Corporate IdentifierUse a designation, as desired
21、.Examples are World Headquarters, XYZ Manufacturing Divi-sion, Plant number, Organizational Unit, etc.6.2.4.3 Accounting Code or Expense CodeUse a designa-tion, as desired. Examples are estimated cost, actual cost,medical cost, compensation cost, and other contributing costs.6.2.5 Site LocationRecor
22、d the site name, physical ad-dress, city, state, zip code, country and specific location on theproperty, and SIC number.6.2.5.1 Interior or OutdoorsRecord as interior or out-doors.6.2.5.2 Contact Person at Site LocationRecord the lastname, first name, and middle initial; telephone number, includ-ing
23、 area code; telephone extension; and facsimile machinenumber.6.2.5.3 Date of Examination of WalkwayEnter mmddyy,where mm indicates the month, 01 through 12; dd indicates theday of the month; and yy indicates the last two digits of theyear.6.2.6 Person Preparing ReportRecord the last name, firstname,
24、 and middle initial; company name; mailing address firstfield, mailing address second field, city, state, mail zip code,and country; and telephone number, telephone extension, andfacsimile machine number.6.3 Walkway Evaluation:6.3.1 Slip Resistance MeasurementThe investigator deter-mines which measu
25、rements are necessary and the instrument(s)used to make the measurements. The choice of whether to testa walkway surface with a standard test foot, a test foot directlyrelated to an incident, or a test foot selected for other reasonslies with the investigator. Details of the surface test arerecorded
26、 in accordance with 6.3.1.1. The details of tests theinvestigator may require for a particular sole material, or aparticular heel material, with a surface other than the walkwayunder investigation, are recorded according to 6.3.1.2 and6.3.1.3.6.3.1.1 Walkway Surface Slip Resistance Record the iden-t
27、ity of the instrument used to measure the surface slip resis-tance. This may be the ASTM standard for the instrument orthe make and model. Record a description of the surface tested,instrument test foot material, slip resistance of the surfaceclean and dry, and slip resistance of surface contaminate
28、d.Record contaminant(s).6.3.1.2 Footwear Sole Slip Resistance Record the ASTMstandard for the measuring instrument, or otherwise identifythe instrument. Record the instrument test foot sole material,test surface material, contaminant(s), slip resistance of the solematerial dry, and slip resistance o
29、f the sole material contami-nated.6.3.1.3 Footwear Heel Slip Resistance Record the ASTMstandard for the measuring instrument, or otherwise identifythe instrument. Record the instrument test foot heel material,test surface material, contaminant(s), slip resistance of the heelmaterial dry, and slip re
30、sistance of the heel material contami-nated.6.3.2 Walkway Structure:6.3.2.1 Walkway TypeRecord one of the following: curb,floor, parking lot, ramp, sidewalk, stair, street, threshold,unpaved ground, or other.6.3.2.2 Walkway Construction Material Record one of thefollowing standard walkway constructi
31、ons: abrasion-resistantcoating, asphalt plank flooring, asphaltic concrete paving,brick, carpet sheet, carpet tile, carpet indoor/outdoor type,ceramic tile and mosaics, concrete, conductive elastomericliquid flooring, conductive resilient, conductive terrazzo, cutnatural stone tile, earth, elastomer
32、ic liquid flooring, epoxymarble chip, flagstone flooring, floor mat, fluid-applied resil-ient, foot grille, granite, granular paving, crushed stone orcinders, grass, gratings, magnesium oxychloride, marble, mas-tic fills, metal floor plates, pedestal flooring, plastic laminateflooring, portland ceme
33、nt concrete paving, quarry tile, resilienttile flooring, resilient sheet flooring, resilient flooring staticcontrol, resinous, rugs, seamless quartz, slip-resistant finishes,slate, steel deck, stone, thin brick tile, portland cement ter-razzo, precast terrazzo, conductive terrazzo, plastic matrixter
34、razzo, pressed concrete unit flooring, quarry tile, syntheticgrass surfacing, vinyl composition tile or vinyl flooring, tile,wood, wood decking, wood block, wood composition, woodparquet, wood strip, other, or as assigned by the Master List ofTitles and Numbers for the Construction Industry (see X1.
35、2).6.3.2.3 Surface TextureRecord whether abrasive, button,or cross-cut grooving; note the direction of grooves in relationto the travel path, texturing, or other means intended to renderF 1694 96 (2004)2the surface slip resistant; describe smooth, coarse, carpetunidentified surface, carpet runner pl
36、astic, or carpet runnerother than plastic; and describe carpet shag, carpet with smoothnap, or carpet with medium nap.6.3.2.4 Walkway Structural Condition and IrregularitiesNote whether the walkway is stable, planar, flush, and even.Record the nature of the irregularities. Examples for carpetconditi
37、on are as follows: regular, irregular carpet; and raisededge, open seam, torn, worn, and buckled. Examples for othersurfaces are as follows: broken, even, rough, smooth, uneven.6.3.2.5 Walkway LoadRecord whether the walkway meetsthe requirements for safely sustaining intended loads. Recordin a writt
38、en report comments and stipulations such as the natureof the irregularities or deviations from the requirements.6.3.2.6 Surface LevelnessRecord whether the walkwaychanges in level comply with standards. Record in a writtenreport standards applying to the walkway and comments andqualifications such a
39、s the nature of the irregularities or devia-tions from the requirements.6.3.2.7 Handrails/GuardrailsRecord whether the locationcomplies with the requirements for handrails and guardrails.Note applicable requirements such as those in the buildingcode, those relating to the disabled, such as theAmeric
40、ans withDisabilities Act (ADA) and related regulations, and occupa-tional safety and health (OSHA) regulations and standards.Describe the construction of those not in compliance, and notehow they are deficient.6.3.2.8 Intended UseRecord whether this surface is in-tended for use as a walkway.6.3.3 Su
41、rface Contaminants:6.3.3.1 Contaminants PresentRecord the contaminationstatus at the time of examination: clean, cleaning solution, dirt(soil, unidentified), dust, grease, ice, liquid (other than sub-stances in this listing), oil, overspray, particulate (paper clips,paper, or food waste), refuse, sn
42、ow, water, or other (identify).6.3.3.2 Expected ContaminantsRecord the contaminantsexpected to be present even though not present when thewalkway was examined.6.3.4 Janitorial Practices:6.3.4.1 Manufacturers Instructions for UseRecordwhether the manufacturers recommendations are available tothe user
43、s. Record deviations from the instructions when usingjanitorial products at this location. Specify instances in whichthe manufacturers instructions are not followed.6.3.4.2 ScrubbersRecord how often squeegees on auto-matic scrubbers are replaced and whether automatic scrubbersare maintained so they
44、do not leave a trail of water on the floor.6.3.4.3 Floor DustRecord whether floor dust is moppedimmediately after burnishing to remove particulate residue.6.3.4.4 ProductsRecord whether the contents of all prod-ucts used on or in the vicinity of the walkway are known.6.3.4.5 MatsRecord whether walk-
45、off mats are placedadjacent to outside entrances and wet carpet.6.3.4.6 Rugs and MatsRecord whether rugs and matshave slip-resistant backing that is functional.6.3.4.7 Spray ProductsRecord whether sprays used in thevicinity of the floor contain mineral oil, silicone, other lubri-cants, or ingredient
46、s that may contaminate a walkway surface.6.3.4.8 Contaminants and RefuseRecord whether spilledcontaminants and refuse are required to be cleaned uppromptly. Record observed or reported failures to clean residuepromptly.6.3.4.9 Surface ProcessRecord whether sealed, polished,coated, or no surface proc
47、ess. Record the name by brand andmanufacturer, polish, sealer, wax, ultra high-speed buffingpolish, plastic type polish, or spray buff product.6.3.4.10 Cleaning MethodRecord the cleaning method asmopped, wet mop, dry buff, dry mop, machine washed,shampoo (carpet), spot clean, strip, dusted, or other
48、. Describeother processes specific for wood, terrazzo, marble, concrete,metal, or other types of walkway material.6.3.4.11 Buffng or High-Speed Burnishing MethodRecord the brand, model, and revolutions per minute of thebuffing or burnishing machine(s). Record the coarseness/colorand manufacturer of
49、the buffing pad.6.3.4.12 Products Used on FloorRecord the brand name,manufacturer, and other identifying product information. Noteknown incompatibilities between products. Such products mayinclude stripper, sealer, polish or wax, spray buff product,general purpose cleaner, cleaner used in automatic scrubber,spot cleaning product, aerosol products such as metal cleanersused in vicinity of the floor (as on door guards), buffingburnishing machine, buffing pads, dust mop, wet mop, andother products.6.3.4.13 Compliance with StandardsRecord wh
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