ASTM F1758-2005(2012) Standard Test Methods for Detention Hinges Used on Detention-Grade Swinging Doors《安全等级双开式弹簧门用安全铰链的标准试验方法》.pdf

1、Designation: F1758 05 (Reapproved 2012)Standard Test Methods forDetention Hinges Used on Detention-Grade SwingingDoors1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1758; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the y

2、ear of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 These test methods cover the apparatus, procedures, andacceptance conditions for evaluating the normal operatin

3、gperformance characteristics and the performance characteris-tics under assault conditions of hinges used in swinging doorassemblies in detention and correctional institutions. Thesetypes of hinges are described in detail in 3.1.6, 3.1.9, and3.1.22. Thus, these test methods only give an indication o

4、f theperformance characteristics of hinges in actual service. Suchvariables as installation and maintenance conditions whichhave a potential impact on performance characteristics are notconsidered.1.2 It is the intent of these test methods to help ensure thatdetention hinges (reference to hinges is

5、inclusive of a continu-ous hinge) perform at or above minimum acceptable levels toconfine inmates, to delay and frustrate escape attempts, and toresist vandalism and assault conditions. It is recognized that inorder to meet the intent of these test methods, door, frame andlock assemblies must be com

6、patible with the level of perfor-mance required by Test Methods F1450 and F1577.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and det

7、ermine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values in parentheses are for informationonly.1.5 Consult NFPA 80 for Fire Doors any change ofcomponents or assembly methods or processes shall be certi-f

8、ied in writing by the testing and certification laboratory. Thelaboratory shall have the sole authority to decide the extent andscope of retesting required.5.4 Test reports shall include complete details and photo-graphs of the test specimen, the testing apparatus and installa-tion instructions incl

9、uding templates.6. Cycle Testing6.1 Sample PreparationConduct the test methods usingthree detention hinges per door. When testing a continuous-type hinge on a full door height sample, one hinge shall beused.6.1.1 Prior to being mounted on the test doors, check fullyassembled hinges for vertical and

10、lateral clearances. Ensure allend play has been removed in each sample prior to thismeasurement. The clearance values shall not exceed thosespecified in Table 1.6.1.2 Install the hinges, fully assembled, to the door permanufacturers standard installation instructions.6.1.2.1 At a minimum for alignme

11、nt, lay a straightedgealong the edge of the door at such position as corresponds tothe back edge of a recommended mortise. In applying thehinges, firmly abut the back edge of the door leaf against thisstraightedge as the screws are applied and tightened. Applyjamb mounting blocks to the hinge jamb l

12、eaves using thescrews supplied. Tighten screws in accordance with the fas-tener manufacturers recommended tightening torque. Positionthe door with its three hinges and jamb mounting blocksagainst the vertical jamb, and apply the hexagon-head capscrews and lock washers finger tight. Align edges of ja

13、mbleaves with the straightedge and tighten cap screws securely.Do not mortise door and jamb leaves of the hinges.6.2 ApparatusDetails of a typical test apparatus are inAppendix X1. Alternate designs of the test apparatus areacceptable only if the proper engineering evaluation is con-ducted.6.2.1 The

14、 test door apparatus shall be designed in such amanner that the lateral loads or moment induced on the hingesunder this test will be equivalent to the minimum valueassociated witha3by7ftdoor (914.4 by 2133.6 mm). Hingespacing shall be in accordance with ANSI/NAAMM/HMMA863. Refer to Appendix X2 for l

15、ateral load calculations. Anoversized door shall be permitted to be tested separately orcertified in accordance with 9.5.6.3 ProcedureAdd the proper amount of additionalweights to the apparatus for the grade level being tested inTable 1.6.3.1 Prior to the start of the cycle test perform the follow-i

16、ng:6.3.1.1 Determine a measurement location for vertical andlateral wear on all hinges. The location shall be the same eachtime a measurement is taken. The angular position of the doorshall also be the same within 2 in. (50.8 mm) for eachmeasurement. Record vertical and lateral measurements for allh

17、inges. Vertical measurement is between the adjacent jamb anddoor knuckles. Lateral measurement is between the inner edgeof jamb leaf and adjacent door knuckle. If the location is at thecenter of the hinge, one measurement per hinge at the centershall suffice. If the location is not at the center of

18、the hinge, twomeasurements, equally distant from the center of hinge aspracticable, shall be taken; the qualifying lateral measurementis the average of the two. Alternate methods of measuringvertical and lateral wear may be employed providing theycomply with X1.3.5.6.3.1.2 Measure and record force t

19、o overcome friction orout-of-balance condition. This shall be done 30 in. (762 mm)from the hinge pivot center after the door has been cycled 20times from the fully closed to the fully opened positions. Themeasurement shall be made perpendicular to the door and shallbe the force to get the door movin

20、g (static) and not the force tosustain motion (dynamic).6.3.1.3 Commence cycling at an average rate of 10 to 20cycles/min for test doors weighing 200 to 300 lb (91 to 136 kg)(Grades 14). For Double Weight Grade 1 type doors, cycle ata rate up to 10 cycles/min. Because of test scheduling demands,the

21、manufacturer or test laboratory shall be permitted to electto design an apparatus which is capable of safely withstandinghigher cycle rates. It is understood that any hinge subjected tohigher rates is being subjected to a more stringent test.6.3.1.4 During cycle testing, it is recommended that a log

22、 bekept of periodic cycle counts and wear measurements on eachtest sample. The frequency of data entries shall be agreed uponbetween the manufacturer and the testing laboratory.6.3.1.5 At the conclusion of the cycle test under the prede-termined grade level and frequency level in Table 1, measureeac

23、h sample in accordance with 6.3.1.1 to determine thedisplacement between leaves and knuckles. Record measure-ments of wear for all hinges.F1758 05 (2012)36.3.1.6 At the completion of the cycle test check the force toovercome friction in accordance with 6.3.1.2.6.4 Test Completion and Condition of Ac

24、ceptanceFor ahinge to be acceptable for the grade level and frequency levelbeing tested, the performance characteristics associated withthe cycle test shall not exceed any of the values in Table 1.6.5 Precision and BiasNo information is presented abouteither the precision or bias of the cycle test w

25、ithin these testmethods since the test result is non-quantitative.7. Overload Test Method7.1 Significance and UseThis test method simulates per-sonnel hanging or swinging from the edge of the door farthestfrom the hinge centerline.7.2 ProcedureAn overload test shall be performed afterthe cycle test

26、using the same setup and door weights. With thetest door apparatus at 0 (closed position), add and remove 300lb (136 kg) at a location on the test door which represents thewidth of the detention door being certified.7.3 Test Method Completion and Conditions ofAcceptanceLateral shift or permanent set

27、 away from the tophinge shall not exceed the value in Table 1. Refer to 6.3.1.1 forlateral measurement.7.4 Precision and BiasNo information is presented abouteither the precision or bias of the overload test within these testmethods since the test result is non-quantitative.8. Hinge Impact Test Meth

28、od8.1 ApparatusImpact test apparatus shall be capable ofdelivering 200 ftlbf (271.2 J) of energy. The striking end ofthe ram shall be made from C10101020 Carbon Steel, thestriking surface area of which shall be 4.0 6 0.04 in.2(25.8 60.258 cm2). The weight shall be 80 lb (36 kg).8.1.1 Test door panel

29、 and frame, in addition to anchoring ofthe apparatus, shall have material strength and stiffness similarto a detention door assembly to the extent that the energytransfer through the hinges will be accurately represented.Examples of impact testing apparatuses are found in TestMethods F1450 (swinging

30、 doors). Alternate design of the testapparatus are acceptable providing the proper engineeringevaluation is made.8.1.2 Calculation of Energy:8.1.2.1 Calculate energy developed by ram pendulum asfollows:E 5 Wh (1)where:E = energy developed by ram with initial velocity of zero,W = weight of ram, 80 lb

31、 (36 kg), andh = drop height of ram.8.1.2.2 Either W or h shall be permitted to be varied (withinthe range calculated) to get the required energy of 200 ftlbf(271.2 J).8.2 ProcedureUsing the apparatus in accordance with 8.1,deliver the number of impacts of 200 ftlbf (271.2 J) asrequired for the grad

32、e level under test in Table 1. The impactpoint for a particular hinge shall be on the test door panel nofurther than 6 in. (with no direct impacts on the hinge) from thevertical centerline of the hinge and shall be aligned with thehorizontal centerline of the hinge. Make the impacts againstthis door

33、 from the opposite side of the hinges in the directionof door swing. For continuous hinges, the impact point shall bea distance no further than 6 in. from the vertical centerline ofthe hinge (with no direct impacts on the hinge) and at ahorizontal location equivalent to the hinge locations specified

34、in ANSI/NAAMM HMMA 863.8.3 Test Completion and Condition of AcceptanceThefollowing two conditions must be met for the hinges to beacceptable:8.3.1 The test door shall remain closed throughout the test.8.3.2 When the lock side has been disengaged, the test doorshall open enough to provide normal pers

35、onnel egress.8.4 Precision and BiasNo information is presented abouteither the precision or bias of this impact test within these testmethods since the test result is non-quantitative.9. Certification9.1 A manufacturers certification that the product wastested in accordance with these test methods,

36、together with acomplete test report, shall be furnished by the manufacturer inaccordance with 5.4.9.2 If the test assembly is to be certified by an independent,third-party testing and certification laboratory, any change ofcomponents or assembly methods or processes shall be certi-fied in writing by

37、 the testing laboratory. The laboratory shallhave the sole authority to decide the extent and scope ofretesting required.9.3 Manufacturers ProcedureThe manufacturer shall bepermitted to elect to contract with the testing laboratory toprovide the manufacturer with a certified procedure for themanufac

38、turer testing of product with testing laboratoryfollow-up inspection service at the factory.9.4 Tests are certified with the highest security level beingGrade 1 and the lowest being Grade 4. The highest grade levelachieved by the test sample shall have satisfied all lessergrades.9.5 Oversized doors

39、larger than 3 by 7 ft (914.4 by 2133.6mm) shall be permitted to be tested and certified separately oradditional hinges shall be permitted to be added if requiredwithout further cycle testing provided the proper engineeringanalysis (refer to Appendix X2) is performed.10. Report10.1 Report the followi

40、ng information:10.1.1 Name and address of the testing laboratory,10.1.2 Date the testing laboratory completed the tests,10.1.3 Name and address of the manufacturer and the hingemodel number,10.1.4 Description of identifying markings on all compo-nents of the test apparatus,10.1.5 Location of the tes

41、ting apparatus,10.1.6 Diagrams, details, and photographs of the testingapparatus,10.1.7 Specifications and details of components of the testapparatus including test apparatus drawings, door and framecomponent drawings, hardware templates and instructions,wall specifications, and details on anchoring

42、 devices, and10.1.8 All test data results.F1758 05 (2012)411. Keywords11.1 assault condition; correctional facility; detention facil-ity; detention hinges; detention security; normal operationAPPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1. TEST APPARATUSX1.1 Cycle Test ActuatorThe actuator for operating the

43、cycle test shall produce a door angular velocity characteristicof a sinusoidal curve. Fine tuning of actuator speed (cyclespeed) may be necessary to provide smooth operation whenchanging door weights. Each cycle shall start and end at a point1 to 5 from the normal closed position of the door and swi

44、ngopen through 90 6 5 and return.X1.2 Cycle CounterMechanical or electrical counterswhich register 1 cycle for each complete opening and closingof test door.X1.3 Doors and Frames:X1.3.1 DoorProvide a door that is not mortised for hingesor a skeletonized structure having an equivalent center ofgravit

45、y in all directions after weights are applied. The hinge-mounting surface of a door shall be a continuous steel stripwith a minimum thickness of14 in. (6.4 mm). The dimensionfrom the hinge axis to the edges of the mounting surfaces andto a plane parallel to the door face through the center of gravit

46、yof the door are listed in Fig. X1.1 for all sizes of square,full-mortise hinges.X1.3.2 JambA rigid, vertical steel jamb that is not mor-tised for hinges with a minimum thickness of14 in. (6.4 mm)shall be erected to hang the test door. Hinge mounting surfacesshall lie in the same plane and be plumb.

47、 Door stops or latchingdevices shall not be used. The door shall swing freely througha 90 test arc.X1.3.3 BlocksSteel jamb mounting blocks with a14-in.(6.4-mm) minimum thickness shall be provided for each of thehinges. They shall be of such rectangular dimensions as shallaccommodate the leaves of th

48、e specimens and shall be over-sized to the extent that three12 in.20 334 in. (12.7mm20 3 19 mm) hexagon head cap screws plus lock washersshall be applied to each block making it tight to the jamb (Fig.X1.1). Holes for these cap screws shall be of such diameter asshall permit18-in. (3.2-mm) adjustmen

49、t in all mounting planedirections before tightening.X1.3.4 DrillingHinge jamb mounting blocks as well asdoor hinge mounting surface shall be drilled and tapped inaccordance with the following:Template: Within 0.005 in. (0.13 mm) of true position asshown by the manufacturers template drawing. Non-template:Within 0.005 in. (0.13 mm) of the hole locations of theparticular test specimen. Both hole patterns shall be accuratelyplaced so that the hinge-pin axes are normally colinear.X1.3.5 InstrumentsPrecision instruments suitable formeasuring lateral