1、Designation: F1842 15Standard Test Method forDetermining Ink or Coating Adhesion on Flexible Substratesfor a Membrane Switch or Printed Electronic Device1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1842; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption
2、 or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method is based on existing Test MethodD3359, with modifications t
3、o make it suitable for flexiblesubstrates, printed electronic devices and membrane switches.1.2 Despite the problems associated with a tape test onplastic substrates, it is our belief that this is still one of the bestways to test ink and coating for adhesion for membrane switchor printed electronic
4、 device applications. In writing this testmethod we are addressing several of the objections to the testmethod that could affect its precision and repeatability onplastic substrates.1.3 These test methods cover whether the adhesion ofcoating or ink to a substrate is at an acceptable level. They dono
5、t distinguish between higher levels of adhesion, for whichmore sophisticated methods of measurement may be required.NOTE 1It should be recognized that differences in adherability of theink or coating surface can affect the results obtained with inks or coatingshaving the same inherent adhesion.1.4 I
6、n multicoat systems adhesion failure may occur be-tween coats, so that the adhesion of the coating system to thesubstrate is not determined.1.5 This test method is specifically designed for measuringadhesion of inks and coatings (films) that have a thickness of5 mil (125 microns) or less, on plastic
7、s such as polyester andpolycarbonate.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory lim
8、itations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test3. Terminology3.1 membrane switcha momentary switching device inwhich at least one contact is on, or made of, a flexiblesubstrate.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 A lattice pattern with
9、 six cuts in each direction is madein the ink or coating to the substrate. Pressure sensitive tape isapplied over the lattice and then removed, and adhesion isevaluated by comparison with the descriptions and illustra-tions.5. Significance and Use5.1 If the ink or coating is to fulfill its function,
10、 it mustadhere to the substrate. Substrates and their surface preparationhave a significant effect on the adhesion of inks or coatings.Therefore, a method of evaluating adhesion of inks or coatingsto different substrates or surface treatments, or of different inksor coatings to the same substrate an
11、d surface treatment, isuseful to the industry.5.2 The limitations of all adhesion methods and the specificlimitation of this test method to lower levels of adhesion shouldbe recognized before using it. The intra and interlaboratoryprecision of this test method is under evaluation.5.3 Printing area t
12、o be tested should be a solid area largeenough to include the entire cross hatch pattern.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F01 on Electronicsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F01.18 on Printed Electronics.Current edition approved June 1, 2015. Published July 2
13、015. Originally approvedin 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as F1842-09. DOI: 10.1520/F1842-15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the stand
14、ards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States16. InterferencesThe type of tape used should be compatible with the type ofinks used.7. Apparatus7.1 Cutting Tool A multiblade cutter having
15、 a cuttingedge angle between 15 and 30 degrees that will make six cutsat once that are 2 mm apart. It is of particular importance thatthe cutting edges be in good condition.NOTE 2Dull cutting edges require more pressure on the tool, whichincreases the difficulty in controlling the depth of the cuts.
16、 Dull edges canalso rupture or chip the substrate, ink, or coating and thus yieldinconsistent or inaccurate results.7.2 TapeOne inch (25 mm) wide clear or semitransparentpressure sensitive tape with an adhesion strength agreed uponby the supplier and the user is needed. Because of thevariability in
17、adhesion strength from batchtobatch and withtime, it is essential that tape from the same batch be used whentests are to be run in different laboratories. If this is notpossible, the test method should be used only for ranking aseries of test coatings.7.3 Illumination and Magnification This is helpf
18、ul inorder to determine if the cuts have been made through the inksand or coatings.8. Test Specimen8.1 The specimen is the printed or coated structure on whichadhesion is to be evaluated. The area to be tested should havegood planarity since warpage, waviness, or curvature mayseriously affect test r
19、esults.8.2 Laminate the test specimen to a rigid substrate to meetthe requirements of 8.1 and 9.1.8.3 Condition the test specimen at 25 6 5C and 45 6 15 %relative humidity for 24 h. This is to ensure that inks andcoatings achieve full adhesion before the test is conducted.9. Procedure9.1 Place speci
20、men on flat, smooth, hard surface.9.2 With the cutting tool, make a cut approximately34 in.(20 mm) long. Cut through the ink or coating to the substratein one steady motion using just sufficient pressure on the toolto penetrate the ink or coating. Particular attention should bepaid to ensuring that
21、pressure is applied evenly across all sixcutting edges.9.3 Make a second cut perpendicular to the first in order toachieve a grid pattern.9.4 Remove loose particles from the test area.9.5 Remove two complete laps of tape and discard. Removean additional length at a steady (not jerked) rate and cut a
22、 pieceabout 3 in. (75 mm) long.9.6 Place the center of the tape over the grid with the tapeoriented in the direction of one of the cuts and smooth intoplace by a finger. To ensure good contact with the ink orcoating, press tape firmly to thoroughly wet the adhesive to thesurface of the ink or coatin
23、g. The color under the tape is auseful indication of when good contact has been made.9.7 Within 90 6 15 s of application, remove the tape byseizing the free end and pulling rapidly (not jerking) back uponitself at as close to an angle of 180 as possible. Ensurespecimen remains flat and in contact wi
24、th the base surface.9.8 Inspect grid area for removal of ink or coating. Rateadhesion according to the scale in Fig. 1:Grade 5The edges of the cuts are completely smooth; none of the squaresof the lattice is detached.Grade 4Small flakes of the coating are detached at intersections; less than5 % of t
25、he area is affected.Grade 3Small flakes of the coating are detached along edges and atintersections of cuts. The area affected is 5 to 15 % of the lattice.Grade 2The coating has flaked along the edges and on parts of the squares.The area affected is 15 to 35 % of the lattice.Grade 1The coating has f
26、laked along the edges of cuts in large ribbons andwhole squares have detached. The area affected is 35 to 65 % ofthe lattice.Grade 0Flaking and detachment worse than Grade 1.10. Report10.1 Report the number of tests and for each test theresulting classification of each where the failure occurred, th
27、atis, between first coat and substrate, between first and secondcoat, and so on.10.2 Report the substrate employed, the type of ink orcoating, and the method of cure.10.3 If the adhesion strength of the tape has not beendetermined, report the specific tape used and its manufacturer.10.4 Report the l
28、ocation of the test, and type of test (ink toink or ink to substrate).11. Precision and Bias11.1 PrecisionIt is not possible to specify the precision ofthe procedure in Test Method F1842 for measuring coatingadhesion because inter-laboratory studies have proven incon-clusive due to insufficient part
29、icipating laboratories with theappropriate equipment.11.2 BiasNo information can be presented on the bias ofthe procedure in Test Method F1842 for measuring coatingadhesion because no standard sample is available for thisindustry.12. Keywords12.1 adhesion, tape; adhesion test methodcrosscut; adhe-si
30、on test methodcrosshatch; adhesion test methodtape;coatings; inks; membrane switch; printed electronic deviceF1842 152ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly
31、 advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, ei
32、ther reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may atten
33、d. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. In
34、dividual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 1 Classification of Adhesion Test ResultsF1842 153
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