ASTM F1989-2005 Specification for Cooking Fire Suppression Blankets《烹调时用防火毯标准规范》.pdf

1、Designation: F 1989 05Standard Specification forCooking Fire Suppression Blankets1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1989; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in pa

2、rentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers requirements for cooking firesuppression blankets to extinguish accidental cooking fires.1.2 This specification does not

3、 apply to cooking fire sup-pression blankets that: are made from asbestos; have sides ofdiffering appearance, finish or color; have a performance thatdiffers according to which side is used; or, are of metallicconstruction or component.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestand

4、ard.1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion of this specification, Section 4: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate sa

5、fety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Terminology2.1 DefinitionsFor the purpose of this specification, thefollowing definition applies:2.1.1 fire blanket, nflexible sheet(s) of material intendedto be used to extinguish small fires by smot

6、hering.3. Physical Properties3.1 Size and ShapeCooking fire suppression blanketsshall be rectangular or square, with no edge less than 0.91 60.05 m (36 6 2 in.).3.2 MassCooking fire suppression blankets shall have amass not exceeding 2 kg (4.4 lb).3.3 Hand Holding Devices:3.3.1 Hand holding devices,

7、 if provided, shall consist ofsewn in straps on both sides of the blanket to facilitate quickrelease. The strap length shall not be less than 100 mm (3.9 in.)or more than 200 mm (7.8 in.) in length, and easily grasped andreleased when applying the blanket over a cooking fire. Thestraps may be made o

8、f any high strength material and shall beof contrasting color from the blanket itself.3.3.2 Attention shall be paid to the design of any holdingdevice to ensure ease of handling and hand release.3.4 Appearance and Bi-Lateral UseThe two sides of a fireblanket shall be of identical appearance, finish

9、or color andshall give the equivalent results when tested for compliancewith Section 4.NOTE 1It is important not only that either side of fire blanket can beexposed to the fire or other hazard with equal effectiveness, but also thatno doubt be created in the mind of the user at the moment of emergen

10、cyuse as to which side of the fire blanket to apply to the hazard.3.5 Resistance to Fraying or TearingThe edges of cook-ing fire suppression blankets shall not fray or tear duringtesting for compliance with 4.3.1, 4.3.2, 4.4.4, and 4.5.1.5.4. Test Methods4.1 Sampling and Sequence of Testing:4.1.1 A

11、minimum of nine cooking fire suppression blanketsis required. Identify and mark the cooking fire suppressionblankets as No. 1 to 9 and the two sides as (a) and (b).4.1.1.1 Cooking fire suppression blankets which contain aseam shall be tested both on and off the seam and, where theseam is tested, in

12、the most unfavorable condition. Tests shall becarried out using a single thickness of cooking fire suppressionblankets.4.1.2 Use any fire blanket as required for the nondestructiveexaminations required in Section 4. Use cooking fire suppres-sion blankets No. 1, 2, and 3 for testing to 4.5.1 in the s

13、equenceof 1(a), 2(b), 3(a). Use cooking fire suppression blankets 4, 5and 6 for testing to 4.4 in sequence of 4(a), 5(b), and 6(a). Usecooking fire suppression blankets 7, 8 and 9 for testing to 4.5.2in sequence of 7(a), 8(b), and 9(a).4.2 Conditioning:4.2.1 Condition cooking fire suppression blanke

14、ts for test-ing for 48 h so that they are in equilibrium with air at 20 6 5Cand at a relative humidity of 50 to 70 %. After conditioning, donot expose the blanket to air at different temperature or relativehumidity for longer than 5 min before testing. Keep the fireblanket in a sealed plastic bag or

15、 other conditioning containeruntil testing if it is necessary to transport it any distance to thetest site.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 onConsumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.46 on FireSuppression Towels.Current edition approve

16、d March 1, 2005. Published March 2005. Originallyapproved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as F 1989 99.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.2.2 Store fire blanket for testing in their containers, or inthe

17、 recommended storage condition for 24 h immediately priorto the testing for conformity with the requirements of Section4.4.2.3 Except where otherwise specified, tests shall be car-ried out at 20 6 10C.4.3 General Tests:4.3.1 Flexibility TestBlankets shall be capable of beingrolled without permanent

18、deformation along any axis com-pletely around a 50-mm diameter bar.4.3.2 Ease of Removal TestCooking fire suppression blan-kets shall be designed and located in such a way that the usercan remove, unfold, and make ready for use in not more than4 s. The force required to remove the fire blanket from

19、itscontainer (if used) shall not exceed 80 N.4.4 Electrical Resistance Test:4.4.1 PrincipleThe electrical resistance of the fire blanketis measured between a negative electrode formed by a steel oraluminum-topped table and a flat rectangular conducting posi-tive electrode.4.4.2 Apparatus:4.4.2.1 Tab

20、le, with a steel or aluminum top.4.4.2.2 Megohmeter, 500 V, dc.4.4.2.3 Flat Rectangular Conducting Positive Electrode,450 by 150 mm, total mass of 5 kg (including metal base,backing support and insulating handle (see Fig. 1).4.4.3 ProcedureArrange the apparatus as shown in Fig. 1.Lay the fire blanke

21、t flat on the table and zero and operate themegohmeter in accordance with the manufacturers instruc-tions. Move the instrument and the fire blanket as necessary,then check the whole surface area of the blanket. Test threecooking fire suppression blankets.4.4.4 Interpretation of ResultsA fire blanket

22、 is consideredto be in conformance with this specification if the electricalresistance of the fire blanket is not less than 1 MV at any point.4.5 Fire Performance Tests:4.5.1 Volatile Liquid Test Fires:4.5.1.1 FuelThe fuel shall be an aliphatic hydrocarbon ofinitial boiling point not less than 88C a

23、nd final boiling pointnot more than 105C. It is not necessary to use fresh fuel foreach test provided that the initial fuel temperature is 20 6 5C.4.5.1.2 Tray Dimensions and Quantity of FuelThe dimen-sions of the welded 2-mm sheet steel circular cylindrical traysare given in Table 1.4.5.1.3 SitingP

24、osition the test tray on a 0.8-m highhorizontal metal table, not smaller than the fire blanket to betested and between 1.45 and 1.8 m square, equidistant fromtwo opposite sides and so that the distance from one of theother two sides (Side (a) to the far edge of the tray is 900 65 mm (see Fig. 2). Pl

25、ace the table in a room free from drafts,with sufficient ventilation to allow the fire to develop freely andto remove products of combustion. Ensure that the ambienttemperature is between 10 and 30C.4.5.1.4 ProcedurePlace in the tray sufficient water (halfthe fuel volume) to give an average depth of

26、 15 mm. This is tocounter any irregularities in the base. Place the fuel in the tray.After ignition, allow the fire to burn freely for 1 min, thenapply the fire blanket under test as symmetrically as possible toNOTEAll dimensions are in millimetres.FIG. 1 Typical Arrangement for the Electrical TestF

27、1989052the fire from Side (a) of the table.2The fire is considered to beextinguished if no flames are visible 3 min after ignition. Somefuel shall remain at the end of the test, indicating that the fire2See Appendix X1 for a device that can be used as an alternative to manualplacement of the fire bl

28、anket over the fire.NOTEAll dimensions are in millimetres.FIG. 2 Typical Arrangement for Volatile Liquid Test FireNOTEAll dimensions are in millimetres.FIG. 3 Typical Arrangement for Cooking Oil TestTABLE 1 Tray Dimensions and Quantity of FuelDesignationFuel Volume,LTray Diameter,mmTray Depth,mmAppr

29、oximateSurface Area ofFire, m2Cooking firesuppressionblankets3 348 6 5 100 6 5 0.094F1989053has extinguished, not merely starved of fuel. Test three cookingfire suppression blankets each once.NOTE 2Attention is drawn to the necessity for taking precautions tosafeguard the health of personnel conduct

30、ing the tests against the risk offire and inhalation of smoke or any toxic products of combustion.4.5.1.5 Interpretation of ResultsCooking fire suppressionblankets shall be capable of extinguishing the volatile liquidfire. All three tests shall be successful and the cooking firesuppression blankets

31、shall remain whole and not ignite duringthe test.4.5.2 Home Cooking FireRepeat test as outlined in 4.5.1,except:4.5.2.1 Use a 30 in. electrical residential cooking stove,4.5.2.2 Place the pan on larger back electrical burner,4.5.2.3 Ensure that range is flush with58 in. gypsum wallbehind range,4.5.2

32、.4 Use a standard commercial cooking pan with ahandle, 7 in. diameter, 312 in. deep, witha5to7in.handle,4.5.2.5 Fill pan half full with cooking oil,4.5.2.6 Position pan so that the handle is pointing 90 to thefront, and4.5.2.7 A 30 in. wide by 18 in. deep exhaust vent hood islocated 24 in. directly

33、above the stove.4.5.2.8 Interpretation of ResultsCooking fire suppressionblankets shall be capable of extinguishing the home cooking oilfire. All three tests shall be successful and the fire blanket shallremain whole and not ignite during the test.4.5.3 Cooking Oil Test Fires:4.5.3.1 FuelThe fuel sh

34、all be 100 % edible Soya bean oil,free from additives with a minimum auto-ignition temperatureof 600F. Fresh fuel shall be used for each test.4.5.3.2 Tray Dimensions and Quantity of FuelAs definedin 4.5.1.1 and Table 1.4.5.3.3 Tray Support StandThe tray support stand shall beof square four-legged fo

35、rm, constructed of 25 by 25 mm metalangle. The height shall be 140 6 5 mm. The square side shallbe 240 6 5 mm for the tray, but the diagonal dimension shallnot exceed the diameter of the tray used.4.5.3.4 SitingPosition the test tray centrally on the sup-porting stand shown in Fig. 3, on a 0.8 m hig

36、h horizontal metaltable, not smaller than the blanket to be tested and between1.45 and 1.8 m square, equidistant from two opposite sides andso that the distance from one of the other sides (Side (a) to thefar edge of the tray is 750 mm (see Fig. 3). Place the table ina room free from drafts, with su

37、fficient ventilation to allow thefire to develop freely and to remove products of combustion.The ambient temperature shall be between 10 and 30C.4.5.3.5 ProcedurePlace the fuel in the tray, free of residuefrom previous tests. Using a gas burner centrally positionedunder the tray, heat the oil so tha

38、t its temperature, measuredcentrally, increases at about 10C per min and self-igniteswithin 25 to 35 min. Turn off the gas supply. Allow the fire toburn freely for 2 min after ignition. Immediately apply theblanket under test as symmetrically as possible to the fire fromSide (a) of the table.2Test t

39、hree blankets each once. The fire isconsidered to be extinguished if there are no visible flames 17min after ignition. Some fuel shall remain at the end of the test,that is, the fire shall be extinguished and not merely starved offuel.NOTE 3Attention is drawn to the necessity for taking precautions

40、tosafeguard the health of personnel conducting the tests against the risk offire, spillage of the hot oil, and the inhalation of smoke or toxic productsof combustion.4.5.3.6 Interpretation of ResultsCooking fire suppressionblankets shall be capable of extinguishing the cooking oil fire.All three tes

41、ts shall be successful and the fire blanket shallremain whole and not ignite during the test.5. Product and Package Marking5.1 Shipping ContainerThe shipping container shall in-clude:5.1.1 The manufacturers or vendors name and address,5.1.2 The information specified in or wording which relatesthe fi

42、re towel to the container or the instruction sheet, or both,and5.1.3 The number and date of this ASTM specification.5.2 Fire Blanket ContainerThe cooking fire suppressionblanket shall be packaged in such a manner that it is instantlyidentifiable for what it is and for instant removal in the eventof

43、an accidental cooking fire. There is no restriction on themeans of packaging the blanket, but every container should becapable of either being installed on the kitchen walls or placedon countertops in the proximity of the cooking area and meetease of removal criteria noted in 4.3.2.5.3 Shipping or I

44、nstruction SheetEach shipping container,or instruction sheet, for fixing near to the storage position ofthe fire blanket, shall be marked with the following:5.3.1 The words fire blanket on the front,5.3.2 Instructions for use and mounting, preferably incorpo-rating pictograms on the front,5.3.3 Mini

45、mum time for removal from the fire of 20 min,5.3.4 The manufacturers or vendors name and address,5.3.5 The model or other identification of the fire blanket,5.3.6 The size of the fire blanket, cooking fire suppressionblankets shall be rectangular or square, with no edge less than0.91 6 0.05 m (36 6

46、2 in.),5.3.7 Indication that the fire blanket is not reusable andshould be discarded after use,5.3.8 Checking, maintenance and servicing instructions,including when to discard if damaged or contaminated, and5.3.9 The designation and date of this ASTM specification.6. Keywords6.1 cooking fires; cooki

47、ng fire suppression blankets; fireblankets; fire suppression; safety standardsF1989054APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. SUGGESTED ALTERNATE DEVICEX1.1 The idea behind the holding device shown in Fig.X1.1 is to permit both uniformity and greater personnel safety.The specimen is held by the grips

48、on the sliding bar and placedover the appropriate burning tray by pushing forward. Thissimulates reaching over the stove-top. When the bar hits theend it automatically releases the specimen to drop down.X1.2 To further eliminate variability in placement time, thesliding action could even be accompli

49、shed by reciprocatingmechanism instead of laboratory personnel.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revis