ASTM F1989-2005(2013) Standard Specification for Cooking Fire Suppression Blankets《烹饪用灭火毯的标准规范》.pdf

1、Designation: F1989 05 (Reapproved 2013)Standard Specification forCooking Fire Suppression Blankets1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1989; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision

2、. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers requirements for cooking firesuppression blankets to extinguish accidental cooking fires.1.2 This specifi

3、cation does not apply to cooking fire sup-pression blankets that: are made from asbestos; have sides ofdiffering appearance, finish or color; have a performance thatdiffers according to which side is used; or, are of metallicconstruction or component.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regar

4、ded as thestandard.1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion of this specification, Section 4: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish

5、 appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Terminology2.1 Definitions For the purpose of this specification, thefollowing definition applies:2.1.1 fire blanket, nflexible sheet(s) of material intendedto be used to extinguish sma

6、ll fires by smothering.3. Physical Properties3.1 Size and ShapeCooking fire suppression blankets shallbe rectangular or square, with no edge less than 0.91 6 0.05 m(36 6 2 in.).3.2 MassCooking fire suppression blankets shall have amass not exceeding 2 kg (4.4 lb).3.3 Hand Holding Devices:3.3.1 Hand

7、holding devices, if provided, shall consist ofsewn in straps on both sides of the blanket to facilitate quickrelease. The strap length shall not be less than 100 mm (3.9 in.)or more than 200 mm (7.8 in.) in length, and easily grasped andreleased when applying the blanket over a cooking fire. Thestra

8、ps may be made of any high strength material and shall beof contrasting color from the blanket itself.3.3.2 Attention shall be paid to the design of any holdingdevice to ensure ease of handling and hand release.3.4 Appearance and Bi-Lateral UseThe two sides of a fireblanket shall be of identical app

9、earance, finish or color andshall give the equivalent results when tested for compliancewith Section 4.NOTE 1It is important not only that either side of fire blanket can beexposed to the fire or other hazard with equal effectiveness, but also thatno doubt be created in the mind of the user at the m

10、oment of emergencyuse as to which side of the fire blanket to apply to the hazard.3.5 Resistance to Fraying or TearingThe edges of cook-ing fire suppression blankets shall not fray or tear duringtesting for compliance with 4.3.1, 4.3.2, 4.4.4, and 4.5.1.5.4. Test Methods4.1 Sampling and Sequence of

11、Testing:4.1.1 A minimum of nine cooking fire suppression blanketsis required. Identify and mark the cooking fire suppressionblankets as No. 1 to 9 and the two sides as (a) and (b).4.1.1.1 Cooking fire suppression blankets which contain aseam shall be tested both on and off the seam and, where thesea

12、m is tested, in the most unfavorable condition. Tests shall becarried out using a single thickness of cooking fire suppressionblankets.4.1.2 Use any fire blanket as required for the nondestructiveexaminations required in Section 4. Use cooking fire suppres-sion blankets No. 1, 2, and 3 for testing t

13、o 4.5.1 in the sequenceof 1(a), 2(b), 3(a). Use cooking fire suppression blankets 4, 5and 6 for testing to 4.4 in sequence of 4(a), 5(b), and 6(a). Usecooking fire suppression blankets 7, 8 and 9 for testing to 4.5.2in sequence of 7(a), 8(b), and 9(a).4.2 Conditioning:4.2.1 Condition cooking fire su

14、ppression blankets for test-ing for 48 h so that they are in equilibrium with air at 20 6 5Cand at a relative humidity of 50 to 70 %. After conditioning, donot expose the blanket to air at different temperature or relativehumidity for longer than 5 min before testing. Keep the fireblanket in a seale

15、d plastic bag or other conditioning containeruntil testing if it is necessary to transport it any distance to thetest site.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 onConsumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.46 on FireSuppression Towels.Current

16、 edition approved April 1, 2013. Published August 2013. Originallyapproved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as F1989 05. DOI:10.1520/F1989-05R13.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14.2.2 Store fire blanket f

17、or testing in their containers, or inthe recommended storage condition for 24 h immediately priorto the testing for conformity with the requirements of Section4.4.2.3 Except where otherwise specified, tests shall be car-ried out at 20 6 10C.4.3 General Tests:4.3.1 Flexibility TestBlankets shall be c

18、apable of beingrolled without permanent deformation along any axis com-pletely around a 50-mm diameter bar.4.3.2 Ease of Removal TestCooking fire suppression blan-kets shall be designed and located in such a way that the usercan remove, unfold, and make ready for use in not more than4 s. The force r

19、equired to remove the fire blanket from itscontainer (if used) shall not exceed 80 N.4.4 Electrical Resistance Test:4.4.1 PrincipleThe electrical resistance of the fire blanketis measured between a negative electrode formed by a steel oraluminum-topped table and a flat rectangular conducting posi-ti

20、ve electrode.4.4.2 Apparatus:4.4.2.1 Table, with a steel or aluminum top.4.4.2.2 Megohmeter, 500 V, dc.4.4.2.3 Flat Rectangular Conducting Positive Electrode,450 by 150 mm, total mass of 5 kg (including metal base,backing support and insulating handle (see Fig. 1).4.4.3 ProcedureArrange the apparatu

21、s as shown in Fig. 1.Lay the fire blanket flat on the table and zero and operate themegohmeter in accordance with the manufacturers instruc-tions. Move the instrument and the fire blanket as necessary,then check the whole surface area of the blanket. Test threecooking fire suppression blankets.4.4.4

22、 Interpretation of ResultsA fire blanket is consideredto be in conformance with this specification if the electricalresistance of the fire blanket is not less than 1 M at any point.4.5 Fire Performance Tests:4.5.1 Volatile Liquid Test Fires:4.5.1.1 FuelThe fuel shall be an aliphatic hydrocarbon ofin

23、itial boiling point not less than 88C and final boiling pointnot more than 105C. It is not necessary to use fresh fuel foreach test provided that the initial fuel temperature is 20 6 5C.4.5.1.2 Tray Dimensions and Quantity of FuelThe dimen-sions of the welded 2-mm sheet steel circular cylindrical tr

24、aysare given in Table 1.4.5.1.3 SitingPosition the test tray on a 0.8-m high hori-zontal metal table, not smaller than the fire blanket to be testedand between 1.45 and 1.8 m square, equidistant from twoopposite sides and so that the distance from one of the othertwo sides (Side (a) to the far edge

25、of the tray is 900 6 5mm(see Fig. 2). Place the table in a room free from drafts, withsufficient ventilation to allow the fire to develop freely and toremove products of combustion. Ensure that the ambienttemperature is between 10 and 30C.4.5.1.4 ProcedurePlace in the tray sufficient water (halfthe

26、fuel volume) to give an average depth of 15 mm. This is tocounter any irregularities in the base. Place the fuel in the tray.After ignition, allow the fire to burn freely for 1 min, thenapply the fire blanket under test as symmetrically as possible toNOTE 1All dimensions are in millimetres.FIG. 1 Ty

27、pical Arrangement for the Electrical TestF1989 05 (2013)2the fire from Side (a) of the table.2The fire is considered to beextinguished if no flames are visible 3 min after ignition. Somefuel shall remain at the end of the test, indicating that the firehas extinguished, not merely starved of fuel. Te

28、st three cookingfire suppression blankets each once.NOTE 2Attention is drawn to the necessity for taking precautions to2See Appendix X1 for a device that can be used as an alternative to manualplacement of the fire blanket over the fire.NOTE 1All dimensions are in millimetres.FIG. 2 Typical Arrangem

29、ent for Volatile Liquid Test FireNOTE 1All dimensions are in millimetres.FIG. 3 Typical Arrangement for Cooking Oil TestTABLE 1 Tray Dimensions and Quantity of FuelDesignationFuel Volume,LTray Diameter,mmTray Depth,mmApproximateSurface Area ofFire, m2Cooking firesuppressionblankets3 348 5 100 5 0.09

30、4F1989 05 (2013)3safeguard the health of personnel conducting the tests against the risk offire and inhalation of smoke or any toxic products of combustion.4.5.1.5 Interpretation of ResultsCooking fire suppressionblankets shall be capable of extinguishing the volatile liquidfire. All three tests sha

31、ll be successful and the cooking firesuppression blankets shall remain whole and not ignite duringthe test.4.5.2 Home Cooking FireRepeat test as outlined in 4.5.1,except:4.5.2.1 Use a 30 in. electrical residential cooking stove,4.5.2.2 Place the pan on larger back electrical burner,4.5.2.3 Ensure th

32、at range is flush with58 in. gypsum wallbehind range,4.5.2.4 Use a standard commercial cooking pan with ahandle, 7 in. diameter, 312 in. deep, witha5to7in.handle,4.5.2.5 Fill pan half full with cooking oil,4.5.2.6 Position pan so that the handle is pointing 90 to thefront, and4.5.2.7 A30 in. wide by

33、 18 in. deep exhaust vent hood islocated 24 in. directly above the stove.4.5.2.8 Interpretation of ResultsCooking fire suppressionblankets shall be capable of extinguishing the home cooking oilfire. All three tests shall be successful and the fire blanket shallremain whole and not ignite during the

34、test.4.5.3 Cooking Oil Test Fires:4.5.3.1 FuelThe fuel shall be 100 % edible Soya bean oil,free from additives with a minimum auto-ignition temperatureof 600F. Fresh fuel shall be used for each test.4.5.3.2 Tray Dimensions and Quantity of FuelAs definedin 4.5.1.1 and Table 1.4.5.3.3 Tray Support Sta

35、ndThe tray support stand shall beof square four-legged form, constructed of 25 by 25 mm metalangle. The height shall be 140 6 5 mm. The square side shallbe 240 6 5 mm for the tray, but the diagonal dimension shallnot exceed the diameter of the tray used.4.5.3.4 SitingPosition the test tray centrally

36、 on the sup-porting stand shown in Fig. 3, on a 0.8 m high horizontal metaltable, not smaller than the blanket to be tested and between1.45 and 1.8 m square, equidistant from two opposite sides andso that the distance from one of the other sides (Side (a) to thefar edge of the tray is 750 mm (see Fi

37、g. 3). Place the table ina room free from drafts, with sufficient ventilation to allow thefire to develop freely and to remove products of combustion.The ambient temperature shall be between 10 and 30C.4.5.3.5 ProcedurePlace the fuel in the tray, free of residuefrom previous tests. Using a gas burne

38、r centrally positionedunder the tray, heat the oil so that its temperature, measuredcentrally, increases at about 10C per min and self-igniteswithin 25 to 35 min. Turn off the gas supply. Allow the fire toburn freely for 2 min after ignition. Immediately apply theblanket under test as symmetrically

39、as possible to the fire fromSide (a) of the table.2Test three blankets each once. The fire isconsidered to be extinguished if there are no visible flames 17min after ignition. Some fuel shall remain at the end of the test,that is, the fire shall be extinguished and not merely starved offuel.NOTE 3At

40、tention is drawn to the necessity for taking precautions tosafeguard the health of personnel conducting the tests against the risk offire, spillage of the hot oil, and the inhalation of smoke or toxic productsof combustion.4.5.3.6 Interpretation of ResultsCooking fire suppressionblankets shall be ca

41、pable of extinguishing the cooking oil fire.All three tests shall be successful and the fire blanket shallremain whole and not ignite during the test.5. Product and Package Marking5.1 Shipping ContainerThe shipping container shall in-clude:5.1.1 The manufacturers or vendors name and address,5.1.2 Th

42、e information specified in or wording which relatesthe fire towel to the container or the instruction sheet, or both,and5.1.3 The number and date of this ASTM specification.5.2 Fire Blanket ContainerThe cooking fire suppressionblanket shall be packaged in such a manner that it is instantlyidentifiab

43、le for what it is and for instant removal in the eventof an accidental cooking fire. There is no restriction on themeans of packaging the blanket, but every container should becapable of either being installed on the kitchen walls or placedon countertops in the proximity of the cooking area and meet

44、ease of removal criteria noted in 4.3.2.5.3 Shipping or Instruction SheetEach shipping container,or instruction sheet, for fixing near to the storage position ofthe fire blanket, shall be marked with the following:5.3.1 The words fire blanket on the front,5.3.2 Instructions for use and mounting, pre

45、ferably incorpo-rating pictograms on the front,5.3.3 Minimum time for removal from the fire of 20 min,5.3.4 The manufacturers or vendors name and address,5.3.5 The model or other identification of the fire blanket,5.3.6 The size of the fire blanket, cooking fire suppressionblankets shall be rectangu

46、lar or square, with no edge less than0.91 6 0.05 m (36 6 2 in.),5.3.7 Indication that the fire blanket is not reusable andshould be discarded after use,5.3.8 Checking, maintenance and servicing instructions,including when to discard if damaged or contaminated, and5.3.9 The designation and date of th

47、is ASTM specification.6. Keywords6.1 cooking fires; cooking fire suppression blankets; fireblankets; fire suppression; safety standardsF1989 05 (2013)4APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. SUGGESTED ALTERNATE DEVICEX1.1 The idea behind the holding device shown in Fig. X1.1is to permit both uniformit

48、y and greater personnel safety. Thespecimen is held by the grips on the sliding bar and placed overthe appropriate burning tray by pushing forward. This simu-lates reaching over the stove-top. When the bar hits the end itautomatically releases the specimen to drop down.X1.2 To further eliminate vari

49、ability in placement time, thesliding action could even be accomplished by reciprocatingmechanism instead of laboratory personnel.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsib