1、Designation: F 571 87 (Reapproved 2001)Standard Practice forInstallation of Exit Devices in Security Areas1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 571; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last
2、revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice provides information for the installation ofexit devices used in areas of security to achieve the greatestse
3、curity possible without violating the requirements and spiritof NFPA 101.1.2 Security of a high level is not always possible with theseproducts but the use of certain types and functions of exitdevices will afford a much higher degree of security than theuse of other types and functions.1.3 The valu
4、es as stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses arefor information only.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:F 476 Test Methods for Security of Swinging Door Assem-blies22.2 Builders Hardware Manufacturers Association Stan-dards:BHMA A 156.3 E
5、xit Devices3BHMA A 156.5 Auxiliary Locks and Associated Products32.3 National Fire Protection Agency Standards:NFPA 80 Fire Doors and Windows4NFPA 101 Code for Safety to Life from Fire in Buildingsand Structures42.4 Underwriters Laboratories Standards:UL 305 Panic Hardware5UL 1034 Burglary Resistant
6、 Electric Locking Mecha-nisms53. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 astragala vertical molding attached to the meetingedge of a leaf or both leaves of a pair of doors.3.1.2 coordinatora device that holds the active door of apair open until the inactive door has prece
7、ded it in the closingcycle.3.1.3 exit devicea locking device always operable fromthe inside (egress side) by pushing on an activating mechanismusually called a push pad or cross bar.3.1.4 mortise devicea lock mechanism that is installedinto a cavity provided in the edge of a door.3.1.5 mulliona vert
8、ical member in an opening for twodoors permitting each door to be operated independently fromthe other.3.1.6 rim devicea single lock mechanism applied to thesurface of a door.3.1.7 vertical rod devicea top and bottom lock mecha-nism connected by rods, either surface or concealed, to theactivating me
9、chanism.4. Significance and Use4.1 This practice is not meant to include products other thanexit devices except to the extent that such products directlyrelate to the use of exit devices. When other products aredescribed, the security attributes of the other products aredescribed generally in the do
10、cuments referenced in Section 2.5. General5.1 NFPA 101 and many building codes require exit devicesin certain locations and should be consulted.5.2 UL 305 and BHMA A156.3 have specific requirementsfor the performance of exit devices and should be consulted.5.3 Exit devices for fire doors require a l
11、abel designatingthem as “fire exit hardware.” This means they have beeninvestigated for both fire resistance and panic. Exit devicesused on non-fire doors require a listing for panic. These labelsand listings shall be by a nationally recognized, independenttesting laboratory. A periodic examination
12、service is alsorequired.NOTE 1For more information on exit devices, see NFPA 80.6. Installation Guidelines6.1 Doors and Frames:6.1.1 Doors and frames installed in locations where exitdevices are used for purposes of security should have minimumclearances at the head, jambs, and meeting stiles (if in
13、 pairs)and at a threshold or sill.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F12 on SecuritySystems and Equipment, and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F12.50 onLocking Devices.Current edition approved Aug. 28, 1987. Published October 1987. Originallypublished as F 571 79
14、. Last previous edition F 571 79.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.07.3Available from Builders Hardware Manufacturers Association, 60 E. 42ndSt.,Rm 1807, New York, NY, 10017.4Available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government PrintingOffice, Washington, DC 20402.5Available from Und
15、erwriters Laboratory, Inc., 333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook,IL 60062.1Copyright ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6.1.2 Doors and frames should be of sufficient strength andrigidity so as not to fail a spreading or impact test of theappropriate level as defi
16、ned in Test Methods F 476. Whereapplicable, doors and frames should be reinforced to receivefasteners described in 6.8.6.2 Associated Hardware:6.2.1 Hinges or pivots used to hang doors should be of atype where the unauthorized separation of the hinge side of thedoor from the frame is hindered. This
17、can be achieved byincluding design features in which the hinge leaves are lockedtogether.6.2.2 Doors should be self-closing so that when the exitdevice is activated from the egress side, the door will auto-matically return to the closed and locked position and not stayopen. This can be achieved thro
18、ugh the use of door closingdevices.6.2.3 Electric strikes (see BHMAA156.5 and UL 1034) maybe used for security areas. These can be arranged to signal anunlocked condition or an open door. Some electric strikes maynot be used on fire doors.6.2.4 Astragals can add to the security of a pair of doors by
19、making it more difficult to probe the clearance at the meetingstiles and trip the opening mechanism. However, it is importantthat the astragals do not inhibit the independent action of eachleaf if both leaves are active.6.3 Exit Device Functions:6.3.1 Functions of exit devices range from those havin
20、g nooperation of any kind on the exterior (secure) side of the doorto those that are knob, lever, or thumbpiece-operated on theexterior side.6.3.2 The most secure function is the one having nooperation on the exterior side (usually called “exit onlyfunction”).6.3.3 The second most secure functions a
21、re operated by keyonly from the exterior side and are otherwise always locked(usually called “night latch function”).6.3.4 The least secure functions are those which can belocked or left unlocked by key and are operated by knob, lever,thumbpiece, or other operating trim from the exterior side.6.4 Ex
22、it Devices on Single Doors:6.4.1 Mortise-type exit devices of the exit only or nightlatch types function when the mortise lock mechanism ishoused in a drawn steel case and is furnished with an auxiliarydead latch to afford good security.6.4.2 Rim device types of the exit only or night latchfunctions
23、 also afford good security. Some manufacturers em-ploy deadlocking latch bolts to prevent entry by shaking orvibration attacks. Others prevent entry from these type ofattacks by adjusting the angle of relationship between the latchbolt and the strike. Bolt projections of58 in. (15.9 mm) and34in. (19
24、.1 mm) are available. Attempting to withdraw the boltwith shim material in this type of device is not commonbecause of the angle and distance from the edge of the door tothe strike.6.5 Exit Devices on Pairs of Doors:6.5.1 Pairs of doors with exit devices are less secure thansingle doors so equipped.
25、 As in the case of single doors, theexit only or night latch functions are the most secure.6.5.2 Rim devices used with mullions manufactured for thespecific devices used afford reasonable security. Mullionsshould be the most substantial offered and installation clear-ances should be close.6.5.3 In a
26、reas where mullions are not desired or permitted,pairs of doors should be equipped with astragals that do notinhibit the independent action of each leaf and vertical roddevices. The bottom bolts should resist loiding and project aminimum of38 in. (9.6 mm) into a threshold. The thresholdshould be cut
27、 to receive the strike and the strike should befastened securely to the floor or to a threshold incorporating astop strip that retains a bottom latch.6.5.4 The combined use of a vertical rod device and amortise device with an open back strike provides little securityand is not recommended for securi
28、ty areas.6.5.5 The combined use of a vertical rod device and amortise device with a closed back (conventional) strike and anoverlapping astragal provides reasonable security. One diffi-culty with this arrangement is the required use of a coordinatorwhich ensures the correct sequence of closing.6.6 O
29、ptional Security Features for Exit Devices:6.6.1 Exit devices are available that can be locked orunlocked on the exterior side from a remote position or centralstation. Individual manufacturers catalogs should be con-sulted.6.6.2 Exit devices can be equipped with an integral me-chanical or electroni
30、c mechanism signaling an unauthorizedegress. When the device is operated, an audible or silent alarmcan be activated. Warning signs with words such as “emer-gency exit onlypush to open and sound the alarm” can beplaced on the activating push bar or on the door above thedevice.6.6.3 Exit devices with
31、 an electric mechanism to retract thelatch bolt from a remote location or central station can be usedwhen remote operation is desired. The device can also beequipped with a monitoring device to signal an unlocked,unsecure condition or an open door. Individual manufacturerscatalogs should be consulte
32、d.6.7 Exit Locks:6.7.1 Exit locks are used on doors required for emergencyexit but that are not otherwise used.6.7.2 When doors equipped with exit locks are opened, anaudible or silent alarm is generally activated. Warning signswith such words as “emergency exit only” and “push here toopenalarm will
33、 sound” are usually found on the activatingcross bar of the lock.6.7.3 Exit locks are available with dead bolts providing thehighest security available for this type of lock.6.7.4 Exit locks can be locked or unlocked on the exteriorside from a remote position or control station when remoteoperation
34、is desired.6.7.5 Exit locks are available that will alarm when tamperedwith from the exterior side.6.8 Fasteners:6.8.1 Strikes in wood frames should be installed withthreaded-to-the-head wood screws of sufficient length to pen-etrate a structural member at least34 in. (19 mm).F 57126.8.2 Strikes in
35、steel frames should be installed with ma-chine screws in reinforced, drilled, and tapped holes.6.8.3 Strikes in aluminum frames should be installed withmachine screws in holes containing a steel-threaded devicesuch as a molly jack nut.6.8.4 Exit devices in wood doors may be installed withthreaded-to
36、-the-head screws or, for a higher level of security,with through bolts.6.8.5 Exit devices in steel doors may be installed withmachine screws in reinforced, drilled, and tapped holes, or withthrough bolts.6.8.6 Exit devices in aluminum doors should be installedwith through bolts.6.8.7 Through bolts a
37、re most secure when threaded intooutside trim or dummy plates.6.8.8 Fasteners found satisfactory in field installations aredescribed in 6.8.1-6.8.7. Any system demonstrated to with-stand the appropriate loads described in Test Methods F 476 issatisfactory.7. Applicable Tests7.1 Tests described in Te
38、st Methods F 476 relating to locksare appropriate for exit devices and exit locks. The higherlevels of performance in Test Methods F 476 may be achievedwith these types of locking devices but only with certainfunctions.8. Keywords8.1 exit device; exit device installation; security; securityareasThe
39、American Society for Testing and Materials takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connectionwith any item mentioned in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any suchpatent rights, and the risk of infringe
40、ment of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard o
41、r for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsibletechnical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should make yourviews known to the AS
42、TM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above address or at610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website (www.astm.org).F 5713
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