1、Designation: F606M 12F606M 13Standard Test Methods forDetermining the Mechanical Properties of Externally andInternally Threaded Fasteners, Washers, and Rivets(Metric)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F606M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year ofori
2、ginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of D
3、efense.1. Scope*1.1 These test methods cover establishment of procedures for conducting tests to determine the mechanical properties of metricexternally and internally threaded fasteners, washers, and rivets.1.2 Property requirements and the applicable tests for their determination are specified in
4、individual product standards. In thoseinstances where the testing requirements are unique or at variance with these standard procedures, the product shall specify thecontrolling testing requirements.1.3 These test methods describe mechanical tests for determining the following properties:Tests Secti
5、onFor Externally Threaded Fasteners: 3Product Hardness 3.1Proof Load 3.2.1Method 1, Length Measurement 3.2.3Method 2, Yield Strength 3.2.4Method 3, Uniform Hardness 3.2.5Axial Tension Testing of Full SizeProducts 3.4Wedge Tension Testing of Full SizeProducts 3.5Tension Testing of Machined TestSpecim
6、ens 3.6Total Extension at Fracture Test 3.7For Internally Threaded Fasteners: 4Product Hardness 4.1Proof Load 4.2Cone Proof Load Test 4.3For Washers and Direct TensionIndicators: 5General Requirements 5.1Through Hardened Washers 5.2Carburized Washers 5.3For Rivets: 6Product Hardness 6.1Test for Embr
7、ittlement of Metallic CoatedExternally Threaded Fasteners 7Test Method for DeterminingDecarburization and Carburization 8Test Method for Measuring CompressionLoads (All Finishes) on Direct TensionIndicators Covered by Test MethodF959MAnnex A11.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as st
8、andard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.NOTE 1These test methods are the metric companion of Test Methods F606.1 These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on Fasteners and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.01 on Test Methods.Curre
9、nt edition approved July 1, 2012April 1, 2013. Published November 2012April 2013. Originally approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 20112012 asF606M11.12. DOI: 10.1520/F0606M-12.10.1520/F0606M-13.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM s
10、tandard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by
11、ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States11.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
12、if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof all of the users of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E4 Practices for Force Verification of T
13、esting MachinesE8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials Metric (Withdrawn 2008)3E10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic MaterialsE18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic MaterialsE83 Practice for Verification and Classification of Extensometer SystemsE92 Test Met
14、hod for Vickers Hardness of Metallic Materials (Withdrawn 2010)3E384 Test Method for Knoop and Vickers Hardness of MaterialsF436M Specification for Hardened Steel Washers (Metric)F606 Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners, Washers, Dir
15、ectTension Indicators, and RivetsF959M Specification for Compressible-Washer-Type Direct Tension Indicators for Use With Structural Fasteners (Metric)F1624 Test Method for Measurement of Hydrogen Embrittlement Threshold in Steel by the Incremental Step Loading TechniqueF2328M Test Method for Determi
16、ning Decarburization and Carburization in Hardened and Tempered Threaded Steel Bolts,Screws and Studs (Metric)3. Test Methods for Externally Threaded Fasteners3.1 Product HardnessTests shall be conducted after the removal of any surface oxide, decarburization, plating or othercoating.All readings sh
17、all be within the hardness values listed in the product specification. The average of all readings on the samepart shall be considered as the product hardness. Test results shall conform to the product specification for the lot represented bythe test specimens to be considered conforming. Test speci
18、men preparation and hardness tests shall be conducted in accordancewith Test Method E18 for Rockwell tests, Test Method E10 for Brinell tests, Test Method E92 for Vickers tests, or Test MethodE384 for Microhardness tests. The method used is at the option of the manufacturer, with regards to the size
19、 and grade of theproducts.3.1.1 Routine Test LocationsFor testing the hardness of the finished product, the following test locations can be used:3.1.1.1 For hex and square head bolts, test shall be conducted on the wrench flats, top of head, unthreaded shank, end of boltor at the arbitration locatio
20、n.3.1.1.2 For studs, products without parallel wrench flats, and for head styles other than hex and square, tests shall be conductedon the unthreaded shank, end of the bolt or stud or at the arbitration location.3.1.1.3 Stress-relieved products (see 3.1.1.1 and 3.1.1.2) are measured anywhere on the
21、surface or through the cross section.Refer to the product specification for particular test location or use the arbitration location.3.1.1.4 The Rockwell hardness scale may be used for all product diameters; however, the Brinell hardness is limited to productsover 30 mm nominal diameter.3.1.2 Labora
22、tory InspectionAfter observing 3.1 and 3.1.1, a minimum of three readings shall be taken on each sample offinished product.3.1.3 Arbitration Test LocationFor purposes of arbitration between the purchaser and seller over reported test results, hardnesstests shall be conducted at the mid-radius (r/2)
23、of a transverse section through the threads taken at a distance of approximately onediameter from the point end of the bolt or one end of the stud. Four readings shall be taken approximately 90 to one another onthe same plane, if product size permits. Smaller diameter products may also use the oppos
24、ite parallel surface area of the bolt headend as sectioned above (see Fig. 1). The use of Brinell hardness is limited to product sizes greater than 48 mm nominal diameter.3.2 Tension TestsIt is preferred that fasteners and studs be tested full size, and it is customary, when so testing to specify am
25、inimum ultimate load in kilonewtons (or stress in megapascals). Sections 3.2 through 3.5 apply when testing externally threadedfasteners full size. Section 3.6 shall apply where the individual product specifications permit the use of machined specimens (seeTest Methods E8M).3.2.1 Proof LoadThe proof
26、-load test consists of stressing the product with a specified load that the product must withstandwithout measurable permanent set. Alternatives that determine the ability of a fastener to pass the proof-load test are the yieldstrength test and the uniform hardness test. Any of these tests may be us
27、ed, but the proof-load test ( 3.2.3) shall be the arbitrationmethod in case of any dispute (see Test Methods E8M).2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the
28、 standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.F606M 1323.2.2 In both Methods 1 and 2, assemble the product in the fixture of the tension testing machined so that six complete threads(except for heavy hex str
29、uctural bolts, which shall be based on four threads) are exposed between the grips. This is obtained byfreely running the nut or fixture to the thread runout of the specimen and then unscrewing the specimen six full turns. Forcontinuous threaded fasteners, at least six full threads shall be exposed.
30、3.2.3 Test Method 1, Length MeasurementTo ensure consistent and repetitive length measurements of the fastener, thethreaded end and top of the bolt head shall have conical depressions made at the approximate axis or center line of the fastener.In the event of a dispute over test results the test sha
31、ll be conducted after the removal of all manufacturer or grade markings, surfaceoxide, decarburization, plating, other coating or a combination thereof, to achieve a clean, flat surface and the conical depressionsshall be created using a lathe or some type of centering fixture. Care shall be taken t
32、o clean all debris from the conical depressionsbefore measuring the part. When fasteners are too long to test in the available equipment they may be cut to 200 mm 6 3 mmand tested using Method 1. If there is a dispute over results when testing the same part or lot of parts both full size and cut to
33、200mm the 200 mm test results shall determine acceptance. The measuring instrument shall have pointed anvils that mate with thecenter line depressions and be capable of measuring changes in length of 0.0025 mm with an accuracy of 0.0025 mm in any 0.025mm range. Place the fastener between the measuri
34、ng anvils. The fastener shall be rotated at least 360 degrees to assure soundseating. A the position where the lowest value is indicated the instrument shall be zeroed or the indicated measurement shall berecorded. If using a bolt extensometer, the bolt with attached extensometer may be assembled in
35、to the tension testing machine. Ifnot, mark the fastener so it may be placed as close as possible to the same position for the second reading. Remove and assemblethe fastener into the tension testing machine as outlined in 3.4. With a test speed which shall not exceed 3 mm/min, as determinedwith a f
36、ree-running cross head, axially load the fastener to the proof load value specified in the product specification. This loadshall be maintained for a period of 10 s before releasing the load. Replace the fastener between the measuring anvils and rotateat least 360 degrees as before. the fastener shal
37、l be stopped at the position where the lowest value is indicated. The measurementshall show no permanent elongation. A tolerance of 60.013 mm shall be allowed (for measurement error only) between themeasurement made before loading and that made after loading. Variables such as straightness, thread a
38、lignment, or measurementerror could result in apparent elongation of the product when the specified proof load is initially applied. In such cases, the productmay be retested using a 3 % greater load, and shall be considered acceptable if there is no difference in the length measurementafter this lo
39、ading within a 0.013-mm measurement tolerance as outlined.3.2.3.1 Proof Load-Speed and Time of LoadingWhen using Method 1, the speed of testing, as determined with a free-runningcross head, shall not exceed 3 mm/min, and the proof load shall be maintained for a period of 10 s before releasing the lo
40、ad.3.2.4 Method 2, Yield StrengthAssemble the product in the testing equipment as outlined in 3.4. As the load is applied,measure and record the total elongation of the product or any part of it that includes the exposed threads to produce aload-elongation diagram. Determine the load or stress at an
41、 offset equal to 0.2 % of the length of fastener occupied by six fullthreads as shown in Fig. 2, (except for heavy hex structural bolts, which shall be based on four threads) by the method describedin 3.6.3.1.3.2.4.1 Method 2A, Yield Strength for Austenitic Stainless Steel and Nonferrous MaterialsAs
42、semble the product in the testingequipment as outlined in 3.4. As the load is applied, measure and record the total elongation of the product in order to producea load elongation diagram. Determine the load or stress at an offset equal to 0.2 % strain, based on the length of the bolt betweenthe hold
43、ers as shown in Fig. 2, which will be subject to elongation under load, by using the method described in 3.6.3.1.3.2.5 Method 3, Uniform HardnessThe fasteners shall be tested for hardness as described in 3.1, and in addition, the hardnessshall also be determined in the core. The difference between t
44、he mid-radius and core hardness shall be not more than three pointson a Rockwell C Scale; and both readings must be within product specification.FIG. 1 Hardness Arbitration Test LocationF606M 133NOTE 2This test is valid for fasteners up to and including 25 mm in diameter.3.3 Fasteners and Studs Too
45、Short for Tension TestingProduct lengths less than those shown in Table 1 for product 5 through20 mm in diameter and less than 3 diameters in length for product greater than 20 mm in diameter, or that do not have sufficientthreads for proper engagement, and still leave the specified number of comple
46、te threads exposed between the grips, shall bedeemed too short for tension testing, and acceptance shall be based on a hardness test performed in accordance with 3.1. If testsother than product hardness are required, their requirements should be referenced in the product specification.3.4 Axial Tens
47、ion Testing of Full Size Products:3.4.1 Test fasteners in a holder with a load axially applied between the head and a nut or suitable fixture (see Fig. 2), either ofwhich shall have sufficient thread engagement to develop the full strength of the product. Assemble the nut or fixture on theproduct, l
48、eaving six complete fastener threads exposed between the grips (except for heavy hex structural fastener, which shallhave four threads exposed between grips).3.4.2 Test studs by assembling one end of the threaded fixture to the thread runout. For studs having unlike threads, this shallbe the end whi
49、ch has the finer pitch thread, or with the larger minor diameter. Likewise, assemble the other end of the stud in thethreaded fixture, leaving six complete threads exposed between the grips. For continuous studs, at least six complete threads shallbe exposed between the fixture ends. The maximum speed of the free running cross head shall not exceed 25 mm/min. Whenreporting the tensile strength of the product, calculate the thread stress area as follows:As 50.7854 D 20.9382P!2 (1)where:A s = thread stress area, mm2,D = nominal diameter of the fasteners or stud, m
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