1、Designation: F645 15aStandard Guide forSelection, Design, and Installation of Thermoplastic Water-Pressure Piping Systems1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F645; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the
2、 year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This guide is intended for use in the selection, design,and installation of thermoplastic water systems for use
3、outsidebuildings. For specific projects, a thorough review of this guideis recommended for the purpose of selecting specific materials,methods of joining, system design factor, and any specialprocedures deemed necessary to assure a satisfactory system.1.2 It is recommended that governing codes and p
4、rojectspecifications be consulted prior to the use of this guide.Nothing in this guide should be construed as recommendingpractices or systems at variance with governing codes andproject specifications.1.3 UnitsThe values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as
5、 standard. Thevalues stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. The pipe, fittings, and joiningmaterials shall meet the requirements of one o
6、r more of thefollowing component product standards listed in 1.3.1 through1.3.4 to the extent applicable. Those pipe standards followedby (a) are outside diameter-controlled pipes. Those followedby (b) are inside diameter-controlled pipes.1.3.1 For poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) plastic piping compo-nen
7、ts:Title of SpecificationASTMDesignationPoly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40, 80and 120 (a)D1785Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe (SDR-PR) (a) D2241Threaded Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings,Schedule 80D2464Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Sched
8、ule40D2466Socket-Type Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic PipeFittings, Schedule 80D2467Solvent Cements for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipeand FittingsD2564Bell-End Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe (a) D2672Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Tubing (a) D2740Socket-Type Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PV
9、C) Plastic LineCouplingsD3036Joints for Plastic Pressure Pipes Using Flexible ElastomericSealsD3139Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe F477PVC and ABS Injected Solvent Cemented Plastic PipeJointsF5451.3.2 For Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl chloride) (CPVC) plasticpiping components:Title of
10、Specification ASTMDesignationChlorinated Poly(Vinyl chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe,Schedules 40 and 80 (a)F441/F441MChlorinated Poly(Vinyl chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings,Schedule 80F439Solvent Cements for Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl chloride) (CPVC)Plastic Pipe and FittingsF4931.3.3 For polyethyle
11、ne (PE) plastic piping components:Title of SpecificationASTMDesignationPolyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe, (SDR-PR) (b) D2239Plastic Insert Fittings for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe D2609Socket-Type Polyethylene Fittings for Outside Diameter-Controlled Polyethylene Pipe (a)D2683Polyethylene (PE) Plast
12、ic Tubing (a) D2737Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe (SDR-PR) Based onControlled Outside Diameter (a)D3035Butt Heat Fusion Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Fittings forPolyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe and TubingD32611.3.4 For poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and polyethylene (PE)Plastic Piping Components Issued By th
13、e American WaterWorks Association:C900 Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pressure Pipe,4-inch through 12-inch, for Water (a)C901 Polyethylene (PE) Pressure Pipe, Tubingand Fittings,12-inch through 3-inch, for Water1.3.5 Pipes with wall thicknesses less than 1.50 mm (0.06in.) are not recommended.1.4 Other J
14、oining DevicesJoining devices other thanthose covered by the listed standards may be selected by theuser on the basis of his own engineering evaluation and serviceexperience.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibil
15、ity of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic PipingSystems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.61
16、on Water.Current edition approved May 15, 2015. Published July 2015. Originallyapproved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as F645 15. DOI:10.1520/F0645-15A.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700,
17、 West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1600 Terminology forAbbreviated Terms Relating to Plas-ticsD1784 Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)Compounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride)(CPVC) CompoundsD1785 Specification for Poly(V
18、inyl Chloride) (PVC) PlasticPipe, Schedules 40, 80, and 120D2239 Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe(SIDR-PR) Based on Controlled Inside DiameterD2241 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)Pressure-Rated Pipe (SDR Series)D2464 Specification for Threaded Poly(Vinyl Chloride)(PVC) P
19、lastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80D2466 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) PlasticPipe Fittings, Schedule 40D2467 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) PlasticPipe Fittings, Schedule 80D2564 Specification for Solvent Cements for Poly(VinylChloride) (PVC) Plastic Piping SystemsD2609 S
20、pecification for Plastic Insert Fittings for Polyeth-ylene (PE) Plastic PipeD2672 Specification for Joints for IPS PVC Pipe UsingSolvent CementD2683 Specification for Socket-Type Polyethylene Fittingsfor Outside Diameter-Controlled Polyethylene Pipe andTubingD2737 Specification for Polyethylene (PE)
21、 Plastic TubingD2740 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) PlasticTubing (Withdrawn 1989)3D2774 Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplas-tic Pressure PipingD2855 Practice for Making Solvent-Cemented Joints withPoly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe and FittingsD3035 Specification for Poly
22、ethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe (DR-PR) Based on Controlled Outside DiameterD3036 Specification for Socket-Type Poly(Vinyl Chloride)(PVC) Plastic Line Couplings (Withdrawn 1985)3D3139 Specification for Joints for Plastic Pressure PipesUsing Flexible Elastomeric SealsD3261 Specification for Butt Heat Fusi
23、on Polyethylene (PE)Plastic Fittings for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe andTubingD3350 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Pipe and Fit-tings MaterialsF412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping SystemsF439 Specification for Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride)(CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule
24、 80F441/F441M Specification for Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chlo-ride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40 and 80F477 Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Join-ing Plastic PipeF493 Specification for Solvent Cements for ChlorinatedPoly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe and FittingsF545 Specif
25、ication for PVC and ABS Injected Solvent Ce-mented Plastic Pipe Joints (Withdrawn 2001)3F1498 Specification for Taper Pipe Threads 60 for Thermo-plastic Pipe and Fittings2.2 American Water Works Association Standards4:C651 Disinfecting Water MainsC900 Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pressure Pipe, 4-Inch
26、Through 12-Inch, for WaterC901 Polyethylene (PE) Pressure Pipe, Tubing and Fittings,12-Inch Through 3-Inch, for Water2.3 Plastics Pipe Institute Report:5PPI-TR 3 HDB/PDB/SDB/MRS PoliciesPPI-TR 4 HDB/SDB/PDB/MRS Listed MaterialsPPI-TR 9 Recommended Design Factors and Design Coef-ficients for Thermopl
27、astic Pressure Pipe2.4 NSF Standards:NSF/ANSI Standard No. 14 for Plastic Piping Componentsand Related Materials6NSF/ANSI Standard No. 61 for Drinking Water SystemsComponentsHealth Effects62.5 Uni-Bell PVC Pipe Association7Uni-Bell Handbook of PVC Pipe , Chapter VIII, Table 8.73. Terminology3.1 Defi
28、nitions are in accordance with Terminology F412and abbreviations are in accordance with Terminology D1600and Symbols unless otherwise specified.3.2 relation between standard dimension ratio, hydrostaticdesign stress, and pressure ratingthe following expression isused in this guide to relate standard
29、 dimension ratio, hydro-static design stress, and pressure rating:2S/P 5 R 2 1or2S/P 5 D/t! 2 1 (1)where:S = hydrostatic design stress, MPa (or psi),P = pressure rating, MPa (or psi),D = average outside diameter, mm (or in.),t = minimum wall thickness, mm (or in.), andR = standard thermoplastic pipe
30、 dimension ratio also knownas SDR or SIDR, whichever is applicable.d = average inside diameter, mm (or in.)substitute d for Din equations and change minus sign to plus.4. Significance and Use4.1 The requirements of this specification are intended toprovide information to select, design and install t
31、hermoplastic,2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical st
32、andard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from American Water Works Association (AWWA), 6666 W. QuincyAve., Denver, CO 80235, http:/www.awwa.org.5Available from Plastics Pipe Institute (PPI), 105 Decker Court, Suite 825,Irving, TX 75062, http:/www.plasticpipe.org.6Available from NSF Internation
33、al, P.O. Box 130140, 789 N. Dixboro Rd., AnnArbor, MI 48113-0140, http:/www.nsf.org.7Available from UNI-BELL PVC Pipe Association, 711 LBJ Freeway, Suite1000, Dallas, TX 75234, http:/www.uni-bell.orgF645 15a2water-pressure piping systems for use outside buildings. Ma-terials covered in this specific
34、ation are Poly(Vinyl Chloride)(PVC) and Polyethylene (PE) plastic pipe fittings.5. System Pressure Design5.1 The maximum pressure ratings in Tables 1-7 makeallowance for normal operating conditions, reasonable instal-lation procedures, good handling, good joining workmanship,operating temperatures b
35、elow 27C (80F), and surges likely tobe encountered at water flow velocities up to 5 ft/s (1.5 m/s).Tubing Sizes with pressure ratings less than 160 psi are listedin the tables. (Note 1, Note 2).NOTE 1See Marking section and appendix of applicable pipe speci-fication for marking pipe with pressure ra
36、tings lower than the maximumvalues given in Tables 1-7.NOTE 2Changes to Specification D3350 and PPI-TR 3 led to changesin thermoplastic materials designation codes, resulting in materials des-ignation PE 2406 being superseded by materials designations PE 2606 andPE 2708, materials designations PE330
37、6 and PE 3406 being supersededby PE 3606 and materials designation PE 3408 being superseded bymaterials designations PE 3608, PE 3708, PE 3710, PE 4608, PE 4708,and PE 4710. Recognizing that a period of time is necessary for thedissemination of information and to update specifications and literature
38、,during the transitional period, product markings that include both olderand newer materials designations, for example PE 2406/PE 2606, mayoccur.5.2 The maximum safe water velocity in a thermoplasticpiping system depends on the specific details of the system andthe operating conditions. In general,
39、5 ft/s (1.5 m/s) isconsidered to be safe. Higher velocities may be used in caseswhere the operating conditions can be controlled or a higherdesign factor than 2.0 is used, or both. The total pressure in thesystem at any time (operating plus surge or water hammer) dueto surges or water hammers shall
40、not exceed 150 % of thepressure rating of the system.5.3 The maximum pressure ratings in Tables 1-7 make someallowance for surge and water hammer. However, whenexcessive surges and water hammer are likely to beencountered, extra allowance should be made or protectivedevices installed. The surge or w
41、ater hammer resulting fromrapid flow stoppage may be calculated by means of thefollowing equation:p 5 V!4,033S11300 000dEtD(2)where:p = peak water surge pressure, psi,E = modulus of elasticity of the pipe material, psi,d = inside diameter of the pipe, inclusive, in.,t = wall thickness, in., andV = w
42、ater velocity, ft/s.5.4 The pressure rating of properly solvent-cemented jointsmade in accordance with 8.2.1 is the same as the pipe joinedafter reasonable time for cure of the joint. The pressure ratingof well-made heat-fused joints made in accordance with 8.2.1is the same as the pipe joined, after
43、 the material in the joint hascooled to the pipe temperature.5.5 PVC threaded pipe shall be pressure rated at 50 % ofthat of nonthreaded pipe (see Specification F1498). Pipe withwall thicknesses less than those of Schedule 80 pipe shall notbe threaded. PE pipe shall not be threaded.5.6 Joints and th
44、e allied fittings made by means other thanthose covered above shall be pressure-rated by engineeringevaluations and service experience by either the design engi-neer or user, or both. The recommendations of the manufac-turers should also be considered (see Specification D3139).5.7 Allowance shall be
45、 made for operating conditions inwhich the water will be above 27C (80F) under normalservice conditions. Hydrostatic design stresses for thermoplas-tic pipe materials are given in PPI-TR 4, RecommendedTABLE 1 Maximum Water Pressure Ratings at 23C (73F) forSchedule 40 PVC Plastic Pipe (Specification
46、D1785)Nominal PipeSize, in.PVC 1120PVC 1220PVC 2120Pressure Rating, psiAPVC 2116PVC2110PVC211212 600 480 300 37034 480 390 240 3001 450 360 220 280114 370 290 180 230112 330 260 170 2102 280 220 140 170212 300 240 150 1903 260 210 130 160312 240 190 120 1504 220 180 110 1405 190 160 100 1206 180 140
47、 90 1108 160 120 80 10010 140 110 NPRB9012 130 110 NPR 80AThese maximum pressure ratings apply only to unthreaded pipe. The industryrecommends against the use of threaded PVC plastic pipe in Schedule 40 wallthickness in nominal pipe sizes 6 in. and smaller. See applicable ASTM standardfor code desig
48、nation, for example, PVC 1120. Pipe with pressure ratings less than0.34 MPa (50 psi) is not recommended for use in pressure systems.BNPR = not pressure rated.F645 15a3Hydrostatic Strengths and Design Stresses for ThermoplasticPipe and Fittings Compounds, a report issued at intervals bythe Plastics P
49、ipe Institute.5.8 In piping system design the selection of a design orsafety factor depends on the operating conditions that will beencountered. It may be necessary to use pressure ratings lowerthan the pressure ratings listed in Tables 1-7 when thefollowing are likely to be encountered: (1) surges or waterhammer, (2) cyclic pressure oscillations, (3) air pockets, (4)quick-closing valves, (5) pumps with more capacity than thelines can deliver, (6) flow velocities more than 5 ft/s, and (7)similar factors or combinations of (1) through (6). This willresul
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