1、Designation: F770 15Standard Practice forOwnership, Operation, Maintenance, and Inspection ofAmusement Rides and Devices1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F770; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the
2、year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice provides guidelines for operations,maintenance, and inspection procedures for amusement ridesand
3、 devices to be performed by the owner/operator.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regu
4、latory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F1193 Practice for Quality, Manufacture, and Constructionof Amusement Rides and Devices3. Significance and Use3.1 The purpose of this practice is to delineate informationand to establish procedures for the operation of amusem
5、entrides and devices.4. Owner/Operators Responsibility4.1 Each owner/operator shall prepare an Operating Docu-ment for each amusement ride or device based on the recom-mended instructions and specifications provided by the manu-facturer. This Operating Document shall be made available toeach amuseme
6、nt ride or device operator and attendant. TheOperating Document shall include but not be limited to:4.1.1 Specific amusement ride or device operation policiesand procedures with pertinent information from the manufac-turers instructions, including:4.1.1.1 Description of the amusement ride or device
7、opera-tion.4.1.1.2 Specific duties of each assigned operator(s) andattendant(s) position(s) of the amusement ride or device.4.1.1.3 General safety procedures.4.1.1.4 Instructions on specific procedures to follow in theevent of unusual conditions or an interruption of operation,including an Evacuatio
8、n Plan outlined in 4.4.4.1.1.5 Additional instructions from the owner/operator.4.1.2 Specific emergency procedures in the event of anabnormal condition or an interruption of service.4.2 The ride or device operator of each amusement ride ordevice shall conduct a daily pre-opening inspection of eachri
9、de or device prior to carrying passengers. This inspectionshall include but not be limited to the following:4.2.1 Visual check of all passenger-carrying devices, includ-ing restraint devices and latches.4.2.2 Visual inspection of entrances, exits, stairways, andramps.4.2.3 Test of all communications
10、 equipment necessary forthe operation of the ride or device.4.2.4 Prior to carrying passengers, the ride or device shall beoperated for a minimum of one complete operating cycle.4.3 The owner/operator shall provide and document trainingunder the supervision of a trainer for each operator andattendan
11、t of an amusement ride or device. This training shallinclude, but not be limited to the following:4.3.1 Instructions on amusement ride or device operatingprocedures.4.3.2 Instructions on specific duties of the assigned operatorand attendant position(s) of the amusement ride or device.4.3.3 Instructi
12、ons on general safety procedures.4.3.4 Instructions on specific procedures to follow in theevent of unusual conditions or an interruption of operation.4.3.5 Demonstration by the trainer of the operation of theamusement ride or device.4.3.6 Demonstration by the trainee, under the supervision ofthe tr
13、ainer, of the operation of the amusement ride or device.4.3.7 Additional instructions or training under the supervi-sion of a trainer deemed necessary by the owner/operator.4.4 Evacuation PlanThe owner/operator shall have andmaintain an evacuation plan for each amusement ride ordevice.1This practice
14、 is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F24 on AmusementRides and Devices and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F24.40 onOperations.Current edition approved May 1, 2015. Published May 2015. Originallyapproved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as F770 14. DOI:10.1520/F07
15、70-15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO
16、 Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14.4.1 The owner/operator shall consider:4.4.1.1 Standard load/unload area evacuations are the pre-ferred method.4.4.1.2 Amusement ride or device manufacturers recom-mendations.4.4.1.3 Conditions of the environment that could impact anevacuat
17、ion.4.4.1.4 Personnel responsible for performing an evacuation.4.4.1.5 Notification and cooperation with the outside agen-cies and entities intended to participate in an evacuation.4.4.1.6 Identification and location of equipment to supportan evacuation.4.4.1.7 Equipment that may be required to comm
18、unicatewith riders during an evacuation process.4.4.1.8 Access and egress requirements for personnel andequipment to evacuate the amusement ride or device.4.4.1.9 Actions required prior to evacuation to preventinadvertent motion of the amusement ride or device, vehicle(s),carrier(s) and surrounding
19、equipment in the evacuation path-way.4.4.1.10 Order or sequence of evacuation to efficiently andsafely evacuate riders.4.4.1.11 An appropriate means of egress for evacuees.4.4.1.12 Removal of riders unable to assist in their ownevacuation due to disability, medical condition or other rea-sons.4.4.1.
20、13 Procedures for arranging medical assistance asrequired during an evacuation.4.4.2 The owner/operator shall provide and document train-ing on the evacuation plan.4.4.3 The owner/operator shall periodically review theevacuation plan and make adjustments as needed.4.5 The owner/operator of an amusem
21、ent ride or device maydeny entry to the ride or device to any person, if in the opinionof the owner/operator the entry may cause above normalexposure to risk of discomfort or injury to the person whodesires to enter, or if in the opinion of the owner/operator theentry may jeopardize the safety of ot
22、her patrons or employees.4.5.1 Ride or device operators should be given guidelineson the special considerations concerning patron size, and thespecial considerations applicable to physically disabled andmentally impaired patrons, related to their particular ride ordevice.4.6 Signs presented by the o
23、wner/operator for instruction tothe public shall be prominently placed, bold in design, withwording short, simple, and to the point.4.6.1 Signs to display operational instructions orrequirements, or both, for use of the amusement ride or devicemay be posted at the waiting/loading area or other appro
24、priatelocation and may include height requirements and other dutiesand obligations of the passengers such as but not limited tothose listed in Section 5.4.6.2 Entrances to machinery rooms or restricted areas, orboth, should be posted when necessary to warn unauthorizedpersons not to enter.5. Patron
25、Responsibility5.1 There are inherent risks in the participation in or on anyamusement ride, device, or attraction. Patrons of an amusementride, device, or attraction, by participation, accept the risksinherent in such participation of which the ordinary prudentperson is or should be aware. Patrons h
26、ave a duty to exercisegood judgment and act in a responsible manner while using theamusement ride, device, or attraction and to obey all oral orwritten warnings, or both, prior to or during participation, orboth.5.2 Patrons have a duty to not participate in or on anyamusement ride, device, or attrac
27、tion when under the influenceof drugs or alcohol.5.3 Patrons have a duty to properly use all ride or devicesafety equipment provided.6. Maintenance Program Requirements6.1 Each owner/operator of an amusement ride or deviceshall read and become familiar with the contents of themanufacturers maintenan
28、ce instructions and specificationswhen received, as provided in 3.1. Based on the manufacturersrecommendations, each owner/operator shall implement aprogram of maintenance, testing, and inspection providing forthe duties and responsibilities necessary in the care of eachamusement ride or device. Thi
29、s program of maintenance shallinclude a checklist to be made available to each personperforming the regularly scheduled maintenance on each rideor device. The owner/operators checklist (on a ride-by-ridebasis) shall include but not be limited to:6.1.1 Description of preventive maintenance assignment
30、s tobe performed.6.1.2 Description of inspections to be performed.6.1.3 Special safety instructions, where applicable.6.1.4 Any additional recommendations of the owner/operator.6.2 The owner/operator of the amusement ride or deviceshall provide training for each person performing the regularlyschedu
31、led maintenance on the ride or device, pertaining to theirassigned duties. This training shall include, but not be limitedto, the following:6.2.1 Instruction on inspection and preventive maintenanceprocedures.6.2.2 Instruction on the specific duties of the assignedposition.6.2.3 Instruction on gener
32、al safety procedures.6.2.4 Demonstration of the physical performance of theassigned regularly scheduled duties and inspections.6.2.5 Supervised observation of the maintenance personsphysical performance of their assigned regularly scheduledduties and inspections.6.2.6 Additional instructions deemed
33、necessary by theowner/operator.6.3 Prior to carrying passengers, the owner/operator shallconduct or cause to be conducted a daily documented andsigned preopening inspection, based on provided instructions,F770 152to ensure the proper operation of the ride or device. Theinspection program shall inclu
34、de, but not be limited to, thefollowing:6.3.1 Inspection of all passenger-carrying devices, includingrestraint devices and latches.6.3.2 Visual inspection of entrances, exits, stairways, andramps.6.3.3 Functional test of all communication equipment nec-essary for the operation of the ride.6.3.4 Insp
35、ection or test of all automatic and manual safetydevices.6.3.5 Inspection or test of the brakes, including servicebrakes, emergency brakes, parking brakes, and back stops.6.3.6 Visual inspection of all fencing, guarding, and barri-cades.6.3.7 Visual inspection of the ride structure.6.3.8 The ride or
36、 device shall be operated for a minimum ofone complete operating cycle.6.4 An amusement ride or device, or the specifically af-fected element, shall be appropriately inspected and operated,without passengers, to determine that it is functioning properlyfollowing an unscheduled cessation of operation
37、 caused by:6.4.1 Malfunction or significant adjustment, or6.4.2 Mechanical, electrical, or operational modification, or6.4.3 Environmental conditions that affected the operation,or any combination of the three.6.5 The owner/operator will maintain appropriate waterquality within an amusement ride or
38、device where the guest canreasonably be expected to ingest or contact water volumesufficient to pose a substantial health risk.6.6 Replacement Parts for Amusement Rides and Devices:6.6.1 Replacement parts for amusement rides and devicesshall be:6.6.1.1 Procured from the original manufacturer of thea
39、musement ride or device, using the appropriate manufacturer-supplied identifying nomenclature; or6.6.1.2 Procured or produced using appropriate originalmanufacturing drawings or specifications, or both, if available;or6.6.1.3 Procured or produced using specifications derivedfrom sufficient analysis
40、to ensure parts of equivalent functionsand quality, to those provided by the original manufacturer andin accordance with Practice F1193.6.6.2 The manufacture of replacement parts for amusementrides or devices shall conform to the applicable sections ofPractice F1193.6.7 The owner/operator shall be r
41、esponsible for implement-ing a program of testing based on the recommendations of thesection on Non-Destructive Testing Requirements of PracticeF1193.7. Inspection Program Requirements7.1 Owner/operators of amusement rides or devices shallhave an inspection program consistent with the inspectionsout
42、lined in this practice and Practice F1193.7.2 Inspection documents deemed appropriate by theowner/operator to be maintained in the ride file shall be filed inaccordance with the procedures outlined in this practice andPractice F1193.7.3 The owner/operator of an amusement ride or deviceshall promptly
43、 notify the manufacturer of an incident, failure,or malfunction which, in his judgment, seriously affects thecontinued proper operation of the ride or device and isinformation of which the manufacturer should be aware.8. Classification of Injuries and Illnesses8.1 Recording Recommendations:8.1.1 The
44、 administration of emergency health care serviceand treatment should be recorded as deemed appropriate by theowner/operator of amusement rides and devices to include thedocumentation of all first-aid treatment, including minor inju-ries and illnesses, in a first-aid log. Injuries and illnesses other
45、than minor should be reported on a first-aid incident report inaccordance with 8.1.2.8.1.2 First-Aid Incident ReportA first-aid incident reportshould be completed for injuries or illnesses that result inhospital admission or where medical treatment is given,recommended, or may be required at a futur
46、e date. All injuriesor illnesses reported and other than those classified as minor,can be presumed to be in this category.8.1.3 Recorded InformationInformation recorded in thefirst-aid incident report should include, but not be limited to,the following, where applicable:8.1.3.1 Date the incident occ
47、urred.8.1.3.2 Name, address, and telephone number of the personto receive emergency health care service or treatment.8.1.3.3 Age of the person to receive emergency health careservice or treatment.8.1.3.4 Manufacturers name of the amusement ride ordevice where or on which the incident occurred.8.1.3.
48、5 Description of the injury or illness. Physical descrip-tion of the injury or illness. Description of the events causingand related to the incident.8.1.3.6 Description of the first-aid service or treatmentadministered, including medications given.8.1.3.7 Incident classification in accordance with 8
49、.2.8.1.3.8 Additional information deemed necessary by theowner/operator.8.2 Classification of First-Aid IncidentsWhen recordingan applicable first-aidrelated incident, the owner/operator ofan amusement ride or device should classify the injury orillness in accordance with each of the following categoriesbased on the available reported or observed reliableinformation, or both:8.2.1 Amusement Ride and Device Incidents Classified inAccordance with Injury Qualification and Degree of InjuryInjury, illness, serious injury/illness, and minor injury/illnessshould be determined
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