ASTM F790-2008(2013) Standard Guide for Testing Materials for Aerospace Plastic Transparent Enclosures《航空航天塑料透明外壳用试验材料的标准规范》.pdf

1、Designation: F790 08 (Reapproved 2013)Standard Guide forTesting Materials for Aerospace Plastic TransparentEnclosures1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F790; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the yea

2、r of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide is intended to summarize the standard testmethods available on individual and composite materialsutilized

3、in fabrication of aerospace plastic transparent enclo-sures. As such, it is intended to specifically include transparentthermoplastics, transparent elastomers, and reinforced plastics,whether thermoplastic or thermosetting.1.2 This guide is intended as an aid in the search for testmethods pertinent

4、to Aerospace Plastic Transparent Enclo-sures. It should be understood that all methods listed may notapply to all enclosures.1.3 The standards included refer to the properties or aspectslisted in Table 1. The properties or aspects are listed inalphabetical order and the descriptions used are intende

5、d tofacilitate the search.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations pr

6、ior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C117 Test Method for Materials Finer than 75-m (No. 200)Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by WashingD149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage andDielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materialsat Commercial Power FrequenciesD150 Tes

7、t Methods for AC Loss Characteristics and Permit-tivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical InsulationD256 Test Methods for Determining the Izod PendulumImpact Resistance of PlasticsD257 Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance ofInsulating MaterialsD412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber

8、 and Thermoplas-tic ElastomersTensionD542 Test Method for Index of Refraction of TransparentOrganic PlasticsD543 Practices for Evaluating the Resistance of Plastics toChemical ReagentsD570 Test Method for Water Absorption of PlasticsD624 Test Method for Tear Strength of Conventional Vul-canized Rubb

9、er and Thermoplastic ElastomersD638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD695 Test Method for Compressive Properties of RigidPlasticsD696 Test Method for Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expan-sion of Plastics Between 30C and 30C with a VitreousSilica DilatometerD746 Test Method for Brittlenes

10、s Temperature of Plasticsand Elastomers by ImpactD785 Test Method for Rockwell Hardness of Plastics andElectrical Insulating MaterialsD790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-alsD792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravit

11、y (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD953 Test Method for Bearing Strength of PlasticsD1003 Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittanceof Transparent PlasticsD1004 Test Method for Tear Resistance (Graves Tear) ofPlastic Film and SheetingD1044 Test Method for Resistance of Transparent

12、 Plastics toSurface AbrasionD1238 Test Method for Melt Flow Rates of Thermoplasticsby Extrusion PlastometerD1499 Practice for Filtered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Expo-sures of PlasticsD1525 Test Method for Vicat Softening Temperature ofPlasticsD2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometer Hard-ness1This

13、 guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F07 on Aerospace andAircraft and is the direct responsibility of F07.08 on Transparent Enclosures andMaterials.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2013. Published December 2013. Originallyapproved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as F790

14、08. DOI:10.1520/F0790-08R13.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100

15、 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1D2565 Practice for Xenon-Arc Exposure of Plastics In-tended for Outdoor ApplicationsD2583 Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Rigid Plas-tics by Means of a Barcol ImpressorD2584 Test Method for Ignition Loss of Cure

16、d ReinforcedResinsD2766 Test Method for Specific Heat of Liquids and SolidsD3167 Test Method for Floating Roller Peel Resistance ofAdhesivesD5420 Test Method for Impact Resistance of Flat, RigidPlastic Specimen by Means of a Striker Impacted by aFalling Weight (Gardner Impact)E1640 Test Method for A

17、ssignment of the Glass TransitionTemperature By Dynamic Mechanical AnalysisF319 Practice for Polarized Light Detection of Flaws inAerospace Transparency Heating ElementsF320 Test Method for Hail Impact Resistance of AerospaceTransparent EnclosuresF330 Test Method for Bird Impact Testing of Aerospace

18、Transparent EnclosuresF484 Test Method for Stress Crazing of Acrylic Plastics inContact with Liquid or Semi-Liquid CompoundsF520 Test Method for Environmental Resistance of Aero-space Transparencies to Artificially Induced ExposuresF521 Test Methods for Bond Integrity of Transparent Lami-natesF548 T

19、est Method for Intensity of Scratches on AerospaceTransparent PlasticsF733 Practice for Optical Distortion and Deviation of Trans-parent Parts Using the Double-Exposure MethodF734 Test Method for Shear Strength of Fusion BondedPolycarbonate Aerospace Glazing MaterialF735 Test Method for Abrasion Res

20、istance of TransparentPlastics and Coatings Using the Oscillating Sand MethodF736 Test Method for Impact Resistance of MonolithicPolycarbonate Sheet by Means of a Falling WeightF791 Test Method for Stress Crazing of Transparent PlasticsF801 Test Method for Measuring Optical Angular Deviationof Trans

21、parent PartsF942 Guide for Selection of Test Methods for InterlayerMaterials for Aerospace Transparent EnclosuresF1165 Test Method for Measuring Angular Displacement ofMultiple Images in Transparent PartsF1181 Test Method for Measuring Binocular Disparity inTransparent PartsF1252 Test Method for Mea

22、suring Optical Reflectivity ofTransparent MaterialsF1316 Test Method for Measuring the Transmissivity ofTransparent PartsF1362 Test Method for Shear Strength and Shear Modulusof Aerospace Glazing Interlayer MaterialsG154 Practice for Operating Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV)Lamp Apparatus for Exposure

23、of Nonmetallic Materials3. Significance and Use3.1 This guide is intended for use by material suppliers,aircraft transparent enclosure fabricators, air-framemanufacturers, government agencies, and others that maybecome involved in the testing of transparency components.These test methods provide dat

24、a on both individual materialsand material combinations commonly utilized in the fabrica-tions of aerospace transparent enclosures comprised of mono-lithic plastic, coated monolithic plastic or laminated construc-tions containing plastics.3.2 Primary properties and their long term stability arecriti

25、cal to the performance of aerospace transparent enclosures.Property measurement tests define as-manufactured materialproperties of these materials. Aging procedures provide forexposure of parts or representative sections to environmentsthat may induce changes in material properties as determinedin p

26、roperty measurement tests. Property measurement testsperformed before and after aging exposure provide a means ofTABLE 1 Property or Aspects of Aerospace Plastic TransparentEnclosuresProperty or Aspect Test MethodAbrasion Resistance D1044Abrasion ResistanceOscillating Sand F735Abrasion TestingSizing

27、 Sand for C117Bearing Strength D953Bird Impact Resistance F330Bond Integrity F521Brittleness TemperatureBy Impact D746Chemical Resistance D543Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion D696Compressive Properties D695Electrical Insulating MaterialDC Resistance or Conductance D257Electrical Insulating Ma

28、terialDielectric Breakdown Voltage D149Electrical Insulating MaterialDielectric Constant D150Electrical Insulating MaterialFlexural Properties D790Electrical Insulating MaterialImpact Resistance D256Electrical Insulating MaterialRockwell Hardness D785Environmental Resistance F520Exposure Apparatus O

29、perationCarbon ARC Type D1499Exposure Apparatus OperationFluorescent UV Type G154Exposure Apparatus OperationXenon ARC Type D2565Flow Rate D1238Glass Transition Temperature E1640Hail Impact Resistance F320HardnessBarcol D2583HardnessDurometer D2240Heating ElementsDetection of Flaws F319Ignition Loss

30、 D2584Impact ResistanceFalling Weight D5420Impact ResistanceFalling Weight (Polycarbonate) F736Index of Refraction D542Interlayer Material Selection F942Light Transmissivity F1316Luminous Transmittance and Haze D1003Optical Angular Deviation F801Optical Angular DisplacementMultiple Images F1165Optic

31、al Binocular Disparity F1181Optical Distortion and DeviationDouble Exposure F733Optical Reflectivity F1252Peel ResistanceFloating Roller D3167Rubber Properties in Tension D412ScratchesIntensity of F548Shear StrengthFusion Bonded Polycarbonate F734Shear Strength and ModulusInterlayer Materials F1362S

32、oftening Temperature D1525Specific Gravity and Density D792Specific Heat D2766Stress Crazing F791Stress Crazing F484Tear Resistance D624Tear ResistanceInitial D1004Tensile Properties D638Water Absorption D570F790 08 (2013)2estimating the potential usable life span of a transparency or tocompare the

33、durability of one material with another.3.3 When employing these test methods for comparison ofmaterials for weathering effects the user should be aware thatthe many factors influencing degradation due to weatheringvary from one location to another. For direct weatheringcomparisons, all material(s)

34、should undergo exposure condi-tions and property measurements testing at the same time.3.4 The test methods listed include those considered criticalto the performance of aircraft transparent enclosures. Other testmethods to evaluate materials may also be performed. Addi-tional test methods are in pr

35、eparation and will be incorporated.The user is advised to employ the latest revision of any testmethod.3.5 The dominant component of all transparent enclosures isone, or more, rigid transparent sheet(s). The sheet(s) mustpermit the necessary visibility while providing structural in-tegrity and prote

36、cting the aircraft interior from external envi-ronments as required by the specific aircraft design.3.6 In its most simple form, the rigid transparent sheet maybe the only component of a transparent enclosure.3.7 When more than one rigid transparent sheet isemployed, the sheets are laminated with a

37、controlled thicknesswith either an air gap or with a transparent adhesive known asan interlayer.3.8 Transparent enclosure designs may use multiple rigidtransparent sheets to take advantage of specific properties ofdifferent materials. In this instance, there will be functionsrequired of one of the s

38、heets but not the other.3.9 The test methods, practices and guides listed are asummary of the available test methods applicable to plastictransparent enclosures. They are presented in this format tosimplify the search and to enable the user to determine if amethod applicable to his requirements is a

39、vailable.4. Keywords4.1 abrasion; acrylic; adhesion; aerospace; bonding; electri-cal; enclosures; environmental; impact; interlayers; materials;mechanical; optical; physical; plastic; polycarbonate; proper-ties; thermal; transparentASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any

40、patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revis

41、ion at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your c

42、omments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrig

43、hted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).F790 08 (2013)3