ASTM F819-2006 Standard Terminology Relating to Electrical Protective Equipment for Workers《工人用电气防护设备的相关标准术语》.pdf

1、Designation: F 819 06Standard TerminologyRelating to Electrical Protective Equipment for Workers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 819; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.

2、A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Referenced Documents1.1 ASTM Standards:2F 1116 Test Method for Determining Dielectric Strength ofDielectric FootwearF 1117 Specification for

3、Dielectric Footwear2. Terminologyafterflame time, nthe length of time in seconds for which amaterial continues to flame after the ignition source has beenremovedDISCUSSIONIn arc testing, the length of time for which a specimencontinues to exhibit a visible flaming as determined by a time displayvide

4、o recording of the specimen during arc testingarc duration, ntime duration of the arc(s).arc energy (vi dt), nsum of the instantaneous arc voltagevalues multiplied by the instantaneous arc current valuesmultiplied by the incremental time values during the arc, (J).arc gapdistance between the arc ele

5、ctrodes (inch).Arc thermal performance value (ATPV), nin arc testing,the incident energy on a fabric or material that results in a50 % probability that sufficient heat transfer through thetested specimen is predicted to cause the onset of a second-degree skin burn injury based on the Stoll curvearc

6、voltage, nvoltage across the gap caused by the currentflowing through the resistance created by the arc gap, V.asymmetrical arc current, nthe total arc current producedduring closure; it includes a direct component and a sym-metrical component, A.blanket roll-upa container made from fabric or simila

7、rmaterial and specifically designed to protect the blanket fromdamage during storage or transportation.blowout, nthe extinguishing of the arc caused by a magneticfield.breakdown, electricalthe electrical discharge or arc occur-ring between the electrodes and through the equipment beingtested.bulk st

8、oragethe storage of hose or covers together with oneor more layers piled neatly, but without the benefit ofspacers, supports, or special protective containers.charring, nthe formation of carbonaceous residue as theresult of pyrolysis or incomplete combustion.closure, npoint on supply current wave fo

9、rm where arc isinitiated.color splasha splash, smear, or streak of contrasting colorevident on the inside or outside surface of the gloves orsleeves that was deposited during the dipping operation andis vulcanized into the material as part of the patiblenot injurious to or changing the physical orel

10、ectrical characteristics of the blankets or affecting theirapplication, use, or acceptability.coveran electrically insulated enclosure designed to beinstalled temporarily on various types of irregularly shapedelectrical equipment to protect personnel and equipmentworking in close proximity.delta pea

11、k temperature, ndifference between the maximumtemperature and the initial temperature of the sensor duringthe test, C.designated personan individual who is qualified by expe-rience or training to perform an assigned task.distortedphysically changed from the natural and originalshape, caused by stres

12、s of any type.electrical testing facilitya location with qualified personnel,testing equipment, and procedures for the inspection andelectrical testing of electrical insulating protective equip-ment.electrodethe energized or grounded conductor portion ofelectrical test equipment which is placed near

13、 or in contactwith the material or equipment being tested.electrode clearancethe shortest path from the energizedelectrode to the ground electrode.embrittlement, nthe formation of a brittle residue as theresult of pyrolysis or incomplete combustion.1These definitions are under the jurisdiction of AS

14、TM Committee F18 onElectrical Protective Equipment for Workers and are the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F18.60 on Terminology.Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2006. Published December 2006. Originallyapproved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as F 819-05.2For referenced ASTM s

15、tandards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocke

16、n, PA 19428-2959, United States.flashoverthe electrical discharge or arc occurring betweenelectrodes and over or around, but not through, the equip-ment being tested.foot portionthe portion of the footwear below the wearersankle bone.FRP insulating tubes and rodsfiberglass reinforced plastic(FRP) pr

17、oducts manufactured so that the tubes and rodsproduced will meet the electrical and mechanical require-ments in the standard.gauntletthe area of a glove between the wrist and thereinforced edge of the opening.halogenation treatmentexposure of the entire rubber sur-face area to a halogen for the purp

18、ose of reducing surfacefriction.heat attenuation factor HAF, nin electric arc testing, thepercent of the incident energy which is blocked by a materialat an incident energy level equal to ATPV.heat flux, nthe thermal intensity indicated by the amount ofenergy transmitted divided by area and time kW/

19、m2(cal/cm2s).hosean electrical insulating tube with a longitudinal slitdesigned to be installed temporarily on energized electricalwires.i2t, nsum of the instantaneous arc current values squaredmultiplied by the incremental time values during the arc(A2s).ignition, nthe initiation of combustion.inci

20、dent energy (Ei), nthe amount of energy (total heat,cal/cm2) received at a surface as a direct result of an electricarc discharge as measured by temperature rise on coppercalorimeters.insulatedseparated from other conducting surfaces by adielectric substance (including air space) offering a highresi

21、stance to the passage of current.DISCUSSIONWhen any object is said to be insulated, it is understoodto be insulated in a suitable manner for the conditions to which it issubjected. Otherwise, it is, within the purpose of this definition,uninsulated. Insulating covering of conductors is one means of

22、makingthe conductor insulated.interior foam-filled tubea tube filled with homogeneousunicellular thermosetting foam having closed cells blownwith non-combustible gases, with the filling bonded to theinterior wall.DISCUSSIONThe foam filling should be free of voids, separations,holes, cracks, or the l

23、ike.isolatedan object that is not readily accessible to personsunless special means of access are used.ozonea very active form of oxygen that is produced bycorona, arcing, or ultraviolet rays.ozone cutting and checkingcracks produced by ozone in amaterial under mechanical stress.proof-test currentth

24、e current measured during ac prooftests.DISCUSSIONThis current is an indication of the validity of thedielectric constant of the type of material used and the thickness of thetotal contact area under test.retestthe tests given after the initial acceptance test, usuallyperformed at regular periodic i

25、ntervals or as required be-cause of physical inspection.rubbera generic term that includes elastomers and elastomercompounds, regardless of origin.sleeve roll-upa sleeve carrier formed of flat canvas-likematerial in which a pair of sleeves is rolled lengthwise.sleeve shoulder rollthe rolled or reinf

26、orced edge of aninsulating sleeve nearest to the shoulder.sole, nthe underside of the boot or rubber that would be incontact with the ground.DISCUSSIONSee Test Method F 1116 and Specification F 1117.Inthis type footwear, it is normally made as one piece and constructed ofa molded elastomer.test, acc

27、eptanceone made at the option of the purchaser toverify that a product meets design criteria.test, designone made on a sample treated as representativeof an industrial product. These tests will not generally berepeated in quantity production.test, routinea type of test made regularly on productionma

28、terial.time to delta peak temperature, nthe time from beginningof the initiation of the arc to the time the delta peaktemperature is reached, s.unassigned blanketsblankets that are in storage prior tobeing issued for use.user, nthe employer or entity purchasing the equipment to beutilized by workers

29、 for their protection; in the absence ofsuch an employer or entity, the individual purchasing andutilizing the protective equipment.visual inspectiona visual check made to detect construc-tional defects.voltage, maximum retestvoltage, either ac rms or dcaverage, that is equal to the proof test volta

30、ge for newprotective equipment.voltage, maximum usethe ac voltage (rms) classification ofthe protective equipment that designates the maximumnominal design voltage of the energized system that may besafely worked. The nominal design voltage is equal tophase-to-phase voltage on multiphase circuits.DI

31、SCUSSIONThe work practices and methods associated with re-moving multiphase exposures at any given work site are not addressedin the ASTM standards. The users of ASTM standards should referenceappropriate industry consensus standards for proper work practices.DISCUSSIONIf there is no multiphase expo

32、sure in a system area, andthe voltage exposure is limited to phase (polarity on dc systems) toground potential, the phase (polarity on dc systems) to ground potentialshall be considered to be the nominal design voltage.DISCUSSIONIf electrical equipment and devices are insulated, orisolated, or both,

33、 such that the multiphase exposure on a grounded wyecircuit is removed, then the nominal design voltage may be consideredas the phase-to-ground voltage on that circuit.voltage, nominal designa nominal value consistent withANSI C84.1-2001, assigned to the circuit or system for thepurpose of convenien

34、tly designating its voltage class.F819062voltage, retestvoltage, either ac rms or dc average, that usedprotective equipment must be capable of withstanding for aspecific test period without breakdown.X/R ratio, nthe ratio of system inductive reactance toresistance.DISCUSSIONIt is proportional to the

35、 L/R ratio of time constant, andis, therefore, indicative of the rate of decay of any DC offset. A largeX/R ratio corresponds to a large time constant and a slow rate of decay.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item menti

36、onedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee a

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38、of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Bo

39、x C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).F819063