ASTM F851-1987(2013) Standard Test Method for Self-Rising Seat Mechanisms《自动升高座椅装置的标准试验方法》.pdf

1、Designation: F851 87 (Reapproved 2013)Standard Test Method forSelf-Rising Seat Mechanisms1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F851; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number

2、 in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method evaluates the performance of self-rising or automatic-lifting seat mechanisms of chairs in placesof assembly.1.2 This test m

3、ethod addresses only the raising of the seat.It does not address the load that may be placed on that seat.Committee F15 is considering a standard addressing this load.1.3 The values as stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as the standard. The values in parentheses areprovided for information

4、 only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Summar

5、y of Test Method2.1 The principle of the test method is to test the reliabilityof the seat-lifting mechanism.2.2 This test method consists of using hard rubber rollersattached dually to the end of an actuating bar to lower the seat.The seat is then released and allowed to lift automatically to the“a

6、t-rest” or “raised” position. The test method requires the seatto be cycled at a specified rate, and allows for the number ofcycles completed, without failure, to be measured.2.3 The “at-rest” position for an auditorium chair is the“raised” position. The seat is lowered to allow the occupant tobe se

7、ated. When released, the seat is automatically returned tothe “raised” position by use of a spring return mechanism orcounter-weight for gravity lift (see Figs. 1 and 2).3. Significance and Use3.1 This test method provides the criteria for a practical,reproducible test for assuring the proper life-c

8、ycle of self-risingor automatic-lifting seat mechanisms of chairs.3.2 This test method should be considered suitable for thetesting required for design purposes, manufacturing control,service evaluation, specification acceptance, and regulatorystatutes.4. Apparatus4.1 A representative apparatus capa

9、ble of performing thistest is shown in Figs. 1 and 2. This unit consists of amotor-powered rotating arm with adjustable length and two312-in. (88.9 mm) roller wheels fastened to the end of the arm.4.2 Other suitable apparatus may be used.5. Sampling5.1 Test SpecimenEach test specimen shall consist o

10、f aself-rising seat mechanism contained in a single chair.5.2 Sample SizeThe sample size shall consist of three testspecimens selected at random from a standard production run(see Appendix X1.1). All components of the test specimensmust be manufactured using that manufacturers standardmaterials, met

11、hods, and design.6. Specimen Preparation6.1 Assemble and mount the test specimen to simulateinstallation conditions, following manufacturers assembly in-structions. Record dimensional position of seat in “raised”position relative to the back of the chair (see Fig. 3).7. Procedure7.1 Design the appar

12、atus to lower the seat to its complete“down” position.7.2 The apparatus then releases the seat. This allows theseat-lifting mechanism to function, returning the seat to the“at-rest” or “raised” position, completing one cycle.7.3 Continue for 100 000 cycles to be completed within aperiod not to excee

13、d 14 calendar days (see Appendix X1.2).7.4 The seat-lifting mechanism passes the test if the threespecimens meet the following conditions:7.4.1 Completion of 100 000 cycles without failure. Toreturn to raised position see Appendix X1.3.7.4.2 Dimensional deviation of front of seat shall not exceed112

14、 in. (38.1 mm).1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 onConsumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.23 onAuditorium Seating.Current edition approved April 1, 2013. Published August 2013. Originallyapproved in 1983. Last previous edition approved

15、in 2005 as F851 87 (2005).DOI: 10.1520/F0851-87R13.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States18. Report8.1 At completion of test the report should include thefollowing information:8.1.1 Chair manufacturers name,8.1.2 Chair model

16、or series number or name, or both,8.1.3 Dates of testing,8.1.4 Brief description of testing apparatus and method,8.1.5 Brief description of chair assembly tested, and8.1.6 Number of cycles, rate of cycles and elapsed time oftesting.8.2 Report any dimensional deviations of the seat positionas compare

17、d to original “at-rest” or “raised” position.8.3 Report if the seat-lifting mechanism passes the test (see7.4).9. Precision and Bias9.1 No justifiable statements can be made either on theprecision or bias of this test method, since the test result merelystates whether there is conformance to the cri

18、teria specified inthe report (see Section 8).FIG. 1 Self-Rising Seat Mechanism Apparatus (Down Position)FIG. 2 Self-Rising Seat Mechanism Apparatus (Raised Position)FIG. 3 Diagram of Self-Rising Seat MechanismF851 87 (2013)2APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. RATIONALEX1.1 SamplingX1.1.1 It is und

19、erstood that the manufacturer will notconduct this test on every order, but will conduct the test on acontinuing basis. Changes in product design or materials wouldrequire new tests to be run. The intent is to certify that seats ofthe same specification have been tested in accordance with thistest m

20、ethod.X1.1.2 The task group determined that three test specimensshould be selected from a standard production run. The taskgroup determined that testing of three randomly selectedspecimens would provide more validity than testing onespecimen but still would be an attainable and realistic quantityon

21、which to perform the testing.X1.2 Test Apparatus and ProcedureX1.2.1 The rationale for 100 000 cycles of the liftingmechanism is that 100 000 cycles are equal to approximately11 cycles per day, 365 days per year, for 25 years. The averagelife expectancy of an auditorium chair in the typical assembly

22、space would be 10 to 15 years.X1.2.2 The task group determined that the complete testshould be completed within a period not to exceed 14 calendardays. The task group determined that because of the way themechanisms are used, the establishing of any specific rate ofcycling is not relevant to the per

23、formance of the mechanism. Ifthe mechanism was cycled at the rate of 11 cycles per minute,the test could be completed in less than 10 work days of 8 hduration. The task group felt that some time frame should beestablished for the completion of the test, and 14 calendar dayswas deemed to be realistic

24、.X1.3 ReportX1.3.1 The task group determined two criteria for theseat-lifting mechanism to pass the test. After 100 000 cycles,the mechanism must still raise the seat to the “at rest” or“raised” position. Moreover, the position of the seat in the upposition must not vary more than 112 in. (38.1 mm)

25、from theoriginal position. The task group determined that the testshould verify that the lifting mechanism would raise the seat toa position that would not exceed 112 in. forward from theoriginal position. This small amount of “sag” would not blockthe passageway, but “sag” in excess of 112 in. would

26、 bedeemed as failing the test.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof in

27、fringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this stan

28、dard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your v

29、iews known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).F851 87 (2013)3