ASTM F857-2012 Standard Specification for Hot Water and Chemical Sanitizing Commercial Dishwashing Machines Stationary Rack Type《固定轨道型热水和化学消毒商用洗碗机的标准规范》.pdf

1、Designation: F857 12An American National StandardStandard Specification forHot Water and Chemical Sanitizing CommercialDishwashing Machines, Stationary Rack Type1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F857; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originala

2、doption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.

3、1. Scope1.1 This specification covers manually fed, spray-type, sta-tionary rack, automatically controlled, hot water and chemicalsanitizing commercial dishwashing machines.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconver

4、sions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section 12, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its

5、use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A29/A29M Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy,Hot-Wrought, Genera

6、l Requirements forA167 Specification for Stainless and Heat-ResistingChromium-Nickel Steel Plate, Sheet, and StripA276 Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and ShapesA436 Specification for Austenitic Gray Iron CastingsA554 Specification for Welded Stainless Steel MechanicalTubingA582/A582M Specifi

7、cation for Free-Machining StainlessSteel BarsB43 Specification for Seamless Red Brass Pipe, StandardSizesB75 Specification for Seamless Copper TubeB127 Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy (UNSN04400) Plate, Sheet, and StripF760 Specification for Food Service Equipment ManualsF861 Specification for

8、 Commercial Dishwashing RacksF1696 Test Method for Energy Performance of Single-Rack, Door-Type Commercial Dishwashing Machines2.2 Federal Regulations:3OSHATitle 29 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) ChapterXVII, Part 19102.3 American National Standards:4ANSI S1.4 Specification for Sound Level Meters

9、ANSI S1.13 Methods for the Measurement of Sound Pres-sure Levels2.4 National Electrical Manufacturers Association Stan-dards:5NEMA ICS Industrial Controls and SystemsNEMA MG-1 Motors and Generators2.5 National Fire Protection Association Standards:6NFPA No. 70 National Electrical Code2.6 NSF Interna

10、tional Standards, Criteria, and Listings:7NSF/ANSI 3 Commercial Warewashing EquipmentNSF 5 Commercial Hot Water Generating EquipmentNSF/ANSI 29 Detergent/Chemical Feeders for CommercialSpray-Type Dishwashing MachinesNSF/ANSI 51 Plastic Materials and Components Used inFood EquipmentNSF ListingsFood E

11、quipment and Related Products, Com-ponents, and Materials2.7 Underwriters Laboratories Standard:81This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F26 on FoodService Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F26.01 onCleaning and Sanitation Equipment.Current edition ap

12、proved May 1, 2012. Published May 2012. Originallyapproved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as F857 07. DOI:10.1520/F0857-12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volum

13、e information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.4Available from American National Standards Institute, 11

14、W. 42nd St., 13thFloor, New York, NY 10036.5Available from National Electrical ManufacturersAssn., 2101 “L” Street, N.W.,Washington, DC 20037.6Available from National Fire ProtectionAssn., Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA02269.7Available from NSF International, 789 N. Dixboro Rd., Ann Arbor, MI48105-97

15、23.8Available from Underwriters Laboratories, Inc., 333 Pfingsten Road, North-brook, IL 60062.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.UL 921 Commercial DishwashersUL 1453 Electric Booster and Commercial Storage TankWater Heat

16、ers2.8 American Society of Sanitary Engineering Standards:9ASSE 1004 Commercial Dishwashers3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 commercial dishwashing machines, nmachines thatuniformly wash, rinse, and sanitize eating and drinking uten-sils.3.1.1.1 DiscussionThe mac

17、hines shall be capable of re-moving physical soil from properly racked and pre-scrapeditems and sanitizing multiple-use eating and drinking utensils.The dishwashing machines shall consist of the followingprincipal parts: legs, wash chamber hood, tank, doors, sprayassemblies, pumps, motors, controls,

18、 piping, valves, heatingequipment, and accessories. Machines may be either chemicalsanitizing or hot water sanitizing.4. Classification4.1 GeneralDishwashing machines shall be of the follow-ing category, types, styles, classes, size, and capacity group asspecified.4.2 Category:4.2.1 Category A (Hot

19、Water Sanitizing Model)This ma-chine uses hot water to sanitize the dishes and may be providedwith an internal booster heater or an external booster heater.4.2.2 Category B (Chemical Sanitizing Model)This ma-chine uses a chemical sanitizing rinse and must be providedwith a chemical sanitizing feeder

20、.4.3 Types:4.3.1 Type I (Straight-Through Model)This machine isused in line with the table on each side.4.3.2 Type II (Corner Model)This machine is used incorner placement forming a 90 (1.57 rad) side.4.4 Styles and Classes:4.4.1 Style 1 (Steam Heated)Low pressure steam (10 to15 psi (68.9 to 103.4 k

21、Pa) flowing pressure at point ofmachine connection.4.4.1.1 Class AInjector.4.4.1.2 Class BHeat exchange coil.4.4.2 Style 2 (Electrically heated).4.4.3 Style 3 (Gas-heated):4.4.3.1 Class CNatural Gas.4.4.3.2 Class DLP Gas.4.5 Size and Capacity, Racks of 1934 by 1934 in. (502 mm),nominal, racks at a m

22、inimum of 50 racks per hour. (SeeSpecification F861).4.6 All dishwashing machines of the same classification,model, or material list designation furnished with similaroptions under a specific purchase order shall be identical to theextent necessary to ensure interchangeability of componentparts, ass

23、emblies, accessories, and spare parts.5. Ordering Information5.1 Purchasers should select the preferred options permittedin this specification and include the following information inthe procurement document:5.1.1 Title, number, and date of this standard;5.1.2 Category, type, style, class, and size

24、machine required(see 4.1);5.1.3 Noise level requirements, if other than specified (see11.2);5.1.4 When a service-supply valve is required (see 7.4);5.1.5 When a standard 40F (22C) temperature rise steam,or electric, or gas booster is required, or stipulate if the requiredtemperature rise is more tha

25、n 40F (22C) (see 7.13);5.1.6 Electrical power supply characteristics (current, volt-age, phase, frequency) (see Section 8);5.1.7 When a detergent feeder is required (see 7.14);5.1.8 When a rinse agent feeder is required (see 7.15);5.1.9 Sanitizing agent feeder requirements, if applicable(see 7.16);5

26、.1.10 Accessory equipment, spare and maintenance partsrequired, as suggested by manufacturer;5.1.11 Treatment and painting if other than specified (seeSection 10);5.1.12 When energy consumption profiles, water consump-tion profiles, or productivity profiles are desired (see 12.3); and5.1.13 Manufact

27、urers certification, when required (see Sec-tion 13).6. Materials and Design6.1 All materials shall be specified as follows:6.1.1 Materials used shall be free from defects that wouldadversely affect the performance or maintainability of indi-vidual components of the overall assembly. The dishwashing

28、machines shall meet the material, design, and constructionrequirements of NSF/ANSI 3.6.1.2 Corrosion-Resistant SteelCorrosion-resistant steelshall conform to the requirements of any 300 or 400 seriesstainless steel specified in 2.1.6.1.3 Corrosion-Resisting MaterialCorrosion-resistingmaterial is oth

29、er than corrosion resistant steel that is equivalentin the dishwasher application.6.1.4 Nickel-Copper AlloyNickel-copper alloys shall con-form to the requirements of Specification B127.6.1.5 PlasticsAll plastic materials and components usedin the dishmachine rinse system shall conform to NSF/ANSI 3o

30、r NSF/ANSI 51.7. Construction Requirements Construction Requirements7.1 The dishwashing machine shall be complete so thatwhen connected to the specified source of power, water supply,heating means (steam, electric, or gas), drainage, detergent,and rinse agent feeder as applicable, the unit can be us

31、ed for itsintended function. Dishwashers shall be rigid, quiet in opera-tion, free from objectionable vibration, and so constructed as toprevent objectionable splashing of water or overflow of waterto the outside of the machine. Parts requiring adjustment shallbe readily accessible. Parts requiring

32、service shall be acces-sible. The machine shall wash dishes by means of a water and9Available from American Society of Sanitary Engineering, P. O. Box 9712 BayVillage, OH 44140.F857 122detergent solution pumped from a tank, and shall final rinse thedishes with fresh water from an outside source. Pro

33、visionsshall be made to fill the wash tank either directly from theregular hot water supply with a hand valve or through thebooster, if provided, or solenoid, or both. The wash, dwell, andrinse cycles shall be automatically controlled. A light orequivalent shall be provided to indicate when the mach

34、ine is inoperation. Machines shall be provided with tracks of corrosion-resisting steel not less than 0.070 in. thick, or other suitablecorrosion-resisting material. Dishwashers shall have an insideworking height, including the door opening (or clearance) ofnot less than 16 in.7.2 Piping, Tubing, Fi

35、ttings, and Valves (Installation)Connections shall be readily accessible to facilitate installationand maintenance. Piping, tubing, and valves shall be located,whenever possible, on the exterior of the machine. SeeSpecifications A29/A29M, A167, A276, A554, B43, and B75.7.3 Piping and FittingsWater,

36、steam piping, and fittingsshall be of corrosion-resisting material. Fresh water supply tothe tank shall be discharged not lower than 2 in. (50.8 mm)above the maximum flood level rim, or an effective air gap orvacuum breaker shall be installed to prevent backflow. Back-flow protection shall be in acc

37、ordance with ASSE 1004. Thedrain and other plumbing connections shall be standard pipe ortubing connections. Drainage piping shall be corrosion-resisting material, or suitable heat-resisting plastic material.Drains may be joined into a single trunk line requiring only oneconnection or arranged to pe

38、rmit individual connections to thewaste line.7.4 ValvesSteam valves shall be corrosion-resisting ma-terial designed for steam applications and for a saturated steamworking pressure of 50 psi (344.6 kPa). When specified, aseparately packed service supply valve shall be provided forclosing the supply

39、of water to the dishwasher. The drain valveshall be permanently marked to show “open” and “closed”positions and shall be lever-operated or wheel-operated, rug-gedly designed for foot or hand operation except when drainvalve closure is automatic. Fresh water rinse valves shall bereliable and fully au

40、tomatic and suitable for 210F (98.9C)water. The manually operated valves, when used, shall beidentified.7.5 Spray AssembliesAll spray nozzles and spray armmanifolds shall be of corrosion-resisting materials (see Speci-fication A582/A582M). All spray assemblies shall be remov-able without the use of

41、tools and shall be easily cleanable oreasily cleanable in place.7.6 TankThe tank shall be constructed of not less than0.055 in. corrosion-resistant steel, or other corrosion-resistingmaterial.7.7 OverflowThe dishwashers shall have a readily acces-sible overflow drain in the tank. The overflow unit,

42、or cover,when provided, shall be removable for cleaning.7.8 Scrap Trays (Strainers)Scrap trays of corrosion-resistant steel, not less than 0.044 in. thick, or other corrosion-resisting material shall be provided to prevent insoluble matterand large pieces of food residue from passing into the tank.

43、Theledges on which the scrap trays rest shall be so designed thatsurfaces beneath the ledges are easily accessible for cleaningwhen the trays are removed. Any opening around or betweenscrap trays shall be held to a minimum, and shall be held asclose as practical to the size of the scrap tray opening

44、.7.9 Access Door(s)Door and door frames shall be con-structed of not less than 0.044 in. corrosion-resistant steel, orother corrosion resisting material, and shall be rigid andstiffened as necessary. Loading and unloading door(s) shall becounterbalanced and, when in the open position, shall electri-

45、cally interlock the machine so that it cannot operate. Openingthe door during operation shall automatically stop the machine.Door catch(es) shall be provided on inspection door(s) notcounterbalanced. The chain-operated counterbalanced door(s),when provided, shall have the door chain fastened at thec

46、ounter-weight by means of an idler pulley. Door(s) shall besplashproof and their exposed edges shall be smooth andformed to prevent canting or warping.7.10 Legs (Feet)The machine shall be rigidly constructedand have four or more legs (feet) made of corrosion-resistantsteel, or other corrosion-resist

47、ing material. Legs shall beadjustable, so that the height of the track may be varied from34 to 35 in. (863.6 to 889 mm) above the floor.7.11 Pump and Motor Assemblies:7.11.1 AssembliesThe pump motor shall be mounted onthe tank or on a rigid steel base. Rotary seals shall be providedfor pump shafts a

48、nd shall be removable for servicing.7.11.2 Pump (see Specification A436)Pump casings shallbe cast iron or corrosion-resisting material and shall have aremovable cover or inspection plate, or be of such a design asto permit ease of accessibility for inspection and removal offoreign items from the imp

49、eller and interior. The shaft shall beof corrosion-resistant steel, properly aligned and supported.The impeller shall be corrosion-resisting material or iron alloyand shall be in dynamic balance. The pump shall have at leasttwo ball or roller bearings, except that when the pump andmotor are mounted on the same shaft, at least two ball or rollerbearings shall be provided for the motor and pump. The pumpsuction intake shall be provided with a corrosion-resistantstrainer or shroud.7.12 HeatingStyle 1, 2, and 3 machines shall be capableof maintai