1、Designation: F959M 07Standard Specification forCompressible-Washer-Type Direct Tension Indicators forUse With Structural Fasteners (Metric)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F959M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the ca
2、se of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers the requirements forcompressible-washer-type direct tension ind
3、icators capable ofindicating the achievement of a specified minimum bolt tensionin a structural bolt.1.2 Two types of direct tension indicators in nominaldiameter sizes M16 through M36 are covered:1.2.1 Type 8.8direct tension indicators for use with Speci-fication A325M bolts, and1.2.2 Type 10.9dire
4、ct tension indicators for use withSpecification A490M bolts.1.3 Direct tension indicators are intended for installationunder either a bolt head or a hardened washer. (See ResearchCouncil on Structural Connections: Specification for StructuralJoints Using ASTM A325 or A490 Bolts.)1.4 The following pr
5、ecautionary statement pertains only tothe test methods portions, Section 12, and Appendix X1 of thisspecification: This standard does not purport to address all ofthe safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safe
6、ty and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A325M Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, HeatTreated 830 MPa Minimum Tensile Strength (Metric)F436M Specification for Hardened Steel Washers (Metric)A490
7、M Specification for High-Strength Steel Bolts, Classes10.9 and 10.9.3, for Structural Steel Joints (Metric)B695 Specification for Coatings of Zinc Mechanically De-posited on Iron and SteelD3951 Practice for Commercial PackagingF606M Test Methods for Determining the MechanicalProperties of Externally
8、 and Internally Threaded Fasteners,Washers, and Rivets (Metric)F1470 Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Me-chanical Properties and Performance Inspection2.2 Research Council on Structural Connections Standard:Specification for Structural Joints Using ASTM A 325 orA490 Bolts33. Terminology3
9、.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 compressible-washer-type direct tension indicator,na washer-type element inserted under the bolt head orhardened washer, having the capability of indicating theachievement of a required minimum bolt tension by the degreeof direct tension indica
10、tor plastic deformation. Hereafter re-ferred to as direct tension indicator.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for direct tension indicators under this specifica-tion shall include the following:4.1.1 Quantity (number of pieces);4.1.2 Name of product (direct tension indicator);4.1.3 Size, that is, no
11、minal diameter;4.1.4 ASTM designation and year of issue (if not specified,current issue shall be used);4.1.5 Type required, 8.8 or 10.9 (see 1.2);4.1.6 Coating type, if required (see 5.4);4.1.7 Source inspection, if required (Section 13);4.1.8 Certificates of compliance or test reports, if required(
12、Section 15); and4.1.9 Any special requirements.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Steel used in the manufacture of direct tension indica-tors shall be produced by the basic-oxygen or electric-furnaceprocess.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 onFasteners and is the direc
13、t responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 Steel Bolts, Nuts,Rivets and Washers.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2007. Published January 2008. Originallyapproved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as F959M 06. DOI:10.1520/F0959M-07.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, ww
14、w.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Research Council on Structural Connections at www.boltcoun-cil.org.1*A Summary of Changes section appea
15、rs at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.2 Design:5.2.1 Direct tension indicators shall have a configurationproduced by extrusion, punching, pressing, or similar forming,to permit a measurable d
16、ecrease in thickness when placed incompression.5.2.2 The design shall be such that the degree of plasticdeformation shall indicate the tension in a tightened structuralbolt.5.3 Heat TreatmentThe process used for heat treatment ofDTIs shall be through-hardening by heating to a temperatureabove the up
17、per transformation temperature, quenching in aliquid medium, and then retempering by reheating to a suitabletemperature to attain desired mechanical/performance proper-ties.5.4 Protective Coatings:5.4.1 Unless otherwise specified, the direct tension indica-tors shall be furnished “plain,” with the “
18、as fabricated” surfacefinish without protective coatings.5.4.2 When “zinc coated” is specified, the direct tensionindicators shall be zinc coated by the mechanical depositionprocess in accordance with the requirements of Class 55 ofSpecification B695.5.4.3 When “baked epoxy” is specified, the epoxy
19、shall be0.025 to 0.05 mm thick applied over the zinc coating specifiedin 5.4.2. The epoxy shall not flake off exposed surfaces duringinstallation.5.4.4 Other coatings are to be used only when approved bythe direct tension indicator manufacturer.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The direct tension indicator
20、s shall conform in chemicalcomposition to the limits given in Table 1.6.2 Product analysis may be made by the purchaser fromfinished direct tension indicators representing each lot. Thechemical composition shall conform to the requirements givenin Table 1, Product Analysis.7. Performance Requirement
21、s7.1 Compression LoadsWhen compressed to the gapspecified in Table 2, the compression load shall conform to therequirements specified in Table 3.8. Dimensions8.1 The direct tension indicators shall conform to thedimensions specified in Table 4.9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance9.1 The direct ten
22、sion indicators shall be commerciallysmooth and free of injurious material or manufacturing defectsthat would affect their performance.10. Number of Tests and Retests10.1 Responsibility:10.1.1 The direct tension indicator manufacturer shall in-spect each lot of direct tension indicators prior to shi
23、pment inaccordance with the quality assurance procedures described in10.2.10.1.2 The purpose of a lot inspection testing program is toensure that each lot conforms to the requirements of thisspecification. For such a plan to be fully effective, it is essentialthat the purchaser continue to maintain
24、the identification andintegrity of each lot following delivery until the product isinstalled in its service application.10.2 Production Lot Method:10.2.1 All direct tension indicators shall be processed inaccordance with a lot identification controlquality assuranceplan. The manufacturer shall ident
25、ify and maintain the integrityof each production lot of direct tension indicators from rawTABLE 1 Chemical Composition RequirementsElementComposition, %HeatAnalysisProductAnalysisType 8.8 and 10.9Type 8.8-3 and Type10.9-3Type 8.8 and Type10.9Type 8.8-3 and Type10.9-3ACarbon 0.300.55 . 0.270.58 .Mang
26、anese 0.500.90 . 0.470.93 .Phosphorus, max 0.04 0.040 0.048 0.045Sulfur, max 0.050 0.050 0.053 0.055Silicon 0.150.35 0.150.35 0.130.37 0.130.37Chromium . 0.450.65 . 0.420.68Nickel . 0.250.45 . 0.220.48Copper . 0.250.45 . 0.220.48AWeathering steel DTIs are also permitted to be manufactured from any o
27、f the Type 3 steels in the chemical composition sections of Specifications A325M and F436M.TABLE 2 Direct Tension Indicator Gap for Compression LoadTestingDirect Tension Indicator FinishGap, mmSpecification8.8Specification10.9Plain finish 0.4 0.4Mechanically galvanized 0.4 . . .Baked epoxy coating o
28、nMechanically deposited zinc 0.4 . . .TABLE 3 Acceptable Range of Compression LoadsDirect Tension Indicator Size(Nominal Diameter, mm)Compression Load Range, kNType 8.8 Type 10.9M16 91109 114131M 20 142170 179206M 22 176211 221254M 24 205246 257296M 27 267320 334384M 30 326391 408469M 36 475570 5956
29、84F959M 072material selection through all processing operations and treat-ments to final packing and shipment. Each lot shall be assignedits own lot-identification number, each lot shall be tested, andthe inspection test reports for each lot shall be retained.10.2.2 For purposes of assigning an iden
30、tification numberand from which test samples shall be selected, a production lot,shall consist of all direct tension indicators processed essen-tially together through all operations to placing in the shippingcontainer that are of the same nominal size, produced from thesame mill heat of steel, and
31、heat treated in the same heattreatment cycle.10.2.3 The minimum number of samples to be tested todetermine compression loads and coating thickness (whenapplicable) shall be in accordance with the requirementsspecified in Guide F1470.10.3 Number of Tests After AlterationsIf direct tensionindicators a
32、re heat treated, coated, or otherwise altered by asubcontractor or manufacturer subsequent to testing, they shallbe tested in accordance with 10.2 prior to shipment to thepurchaser after all alterations have been completed.11. Specimen Preparation11.1 Indicators for tests shall be tested full size “
33、as re-ceived,” without any special preparation.11.2 All test specimens shall conform to the values given inTable 3, regardless of surface coating (lubricants included).12. Test Methods12.1 Direct tension indicators shall be tested in accordancewith Test Methods F606M.13. Inspection13.1 If the inspec
34、tion described in 13.2 is required by thepurchaser, it shall be specified in the inquiry and contract ororder.13.2 The purchasers quality assurance representative shallhave free entry to all parts of the manufacturers works thatconcern the manufacture of the direct tension indicatorsordered. The man
35、ufacturer shall afford the quality assurancerepresentative all reasonable facilities to satisfy him that thedirect tension indicators are being furnished in accordance withthis specification. All tests and inspections required by thisspecification that are requested by the purchasers representa-tive
36、 shall be made before shipment and shall be conducted soas not to interfere unnecessarily with the operation of the plant.14. Rejection14.1 Direct tension indicators that fail to conform to therequirements of this specification shall be rejected. Rejectionshould be reported to the producer or suppli
37、er promptly and inwriting. In case of dissatisfaction with the results of the test, theproducer or supplier may make claim for a rehearing.15. Certification15.1 When specified on the order, the manufacturer shallfurnish a test report as described in 15.2 or a certificate ofcompliance as described in
38、 15.3, whichever is required.15.2 When test reports are required, the manufacturers shallfurnish a test report for each production lot from which directtension indicators are supplied to fill a shipment. The reportshall show the heat number (to ensure that the chemicalcomposition is on record and co
39、uld be furnished upon request),compression test loads, measured thickness of protective coat-ings, gap, nominal size, production lot identification number,ASTM designation, type and issue date, and purchase ordernumber.15.3 When certificates of compliance are required, themanufacturer shall furnish
40、a certificate certifying that theindicators have been manufactured and tested and conform tothe requirements of this specification. The certificate shallshow the production lot identification number, nominal size,ASTM designation, type and issue date, and purchase ordernumber.16. Responsibility16.1
41、The party responsible for the direct tension indicatorshall be the organization that supplies the direct tensionindicator to the purchaser.17. Product Marking17.1 Each direct tension indicator shall be marked to iden-tify the lot number; manufacturer or private label distribution,as appropriate; and
42、 type (see 1.2).17.2 All markings shall be depressed on the same face of thedirect tension indicators as the protrusions. Raised markingsare prohibited.TABLE 4 Dimensions of Direct Tension IndicatorsDirectTensionIndicatorSize(NominalDiameter,mm)AType 8.8 Type 10.9 All TypesOutside Diameter(OD), mmNu
43、mber ofProtrusions(EquallySpaced)Thickness, mmOutside Diameter(OD), mmNumber ofProtrusions(EquallySpaced)Thickness, mmInside Diameter (ID),mmProtrusionTangentialDiameter(PTD),max, mm(see Fig.1)min maxWithoutProtrusion,minWithProtrusion,maxmin maxWithoutProtrusion,minWithProtrusion,maxUncoatedmin max
44、M16 35.2 36.8 4 3.2 5.5 35.2 36.8 4 3.6 6.0 16.75 16.85 25M 20 44.0 46.0 5 3.6 6.0 44.0 46.0 6 3.6 6.0 20.95 21.05 29M 22 48.4 50.6 5 3.6 6.0 48.4 50.6 6 4.0 7.0 23.05 23.15 33M 24 52.8 55.2 5 4.0 7.0 52.8 55.2 6 4.0 7.0 25.15 25.25 38M 27 59.4 62.1 6 4.0 7.0 59.4 62.1 7 4.0 7.0 28.30 28.40 43M 30 6
45、6.0 69.0 7 4.0 7.0 66.0 60 8 4.8 7.5 31.45 31.55 46.5M 36 79.2 82.8 8 4.8 7.5 79.2 82.8 9 4.8 7.5 37.75 37.85 56ANominal direct tension indicator sizes are intended for use with fasteners of the same nominal diameter.F959M 07317.3 All direct tension indicators shall have circumferentialindentations
46、spaced equally around the outside circumference,corresponding to and in alignment with each feeler gage entryspace. Indentations shall be clearly visible but not so large asto interfere with the function of the direct tension indicator.(See Fig. 1).17.3.1 The circumferential indentations indicate wh
47、ere thefeeler gage must be inserted.18. Packaging and Package Marking18.1 Packaging:18.1.1 Unless otherwise specified, packaging shall be inaccordance with Practice D3951.18.1.2 Packaging shall be performed as soon as is practicalfollowing final testing.18.1.3 When special packaging requirements are
48、 required,they shall be defined at the time of the inquiry and order.18.2 Package Marking:18.2.1 Each shipping unit shall include or be marked plainlywith the following information:18.2.1.1 ASTM designation and type,18.2.1.2 Size,18.2.1.3 Name and brand or trademark of the manufactureror private lab
49、el distributor,18.2.1.4 Number of pieces,18.2.1.5 Purchase order number,18.2.1.6 Name of product,18.2.1.7 Lot identification number,18.2.1.8 Finish, and18.2.1.9 Country of origin.19. Storage19.1 The direct tension indicators shall be stored in anenvironment that preserves the surface condition supplied bythe manufacturer.20. Keywords20.1 compressible-washer-type; direct tension indicators;DTI; indicatorsAPPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. FIELD TESTING OF DIRECT TENSION INDICATORS FOR BOLT TENSIONDTIs may be field tested in a bolt tension ca
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