ASTM F963-2011 Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety《玩具安全的消费者安全标准规范》.pdf

1、Designation: F963 11An American National StandardStandard Consumer Safety Specification forToy Safety1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F963; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisi

2、on.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe purpose of this consumer safety specification is to establish nationally recognized safetyrequirements for toys. Although this sp

3、ecification will not eliminate the need for the exercise ofparental responsibility in selecting toys appropriate to the age of a child, or parental supervision insituations in which children of various ages may have access to the same toys, its application willminimize accidents in the normal, inten

4、ded use and reasonably foreseeable abuse of the toys coveredby this specification. This specification was developed originally as a Voluntary Product Standardunder the auspices of the National Bureau of Standards, Department of Commerce, and published in1976 (PS 7276). The present revision is intend

5、ed to update the safety requirements to include thefollowing by reference: published federal mandatory requirements, relevant voluntary standards,certain new requirements for addressing potential hazards, and several technical revisions based onproducer experience with the original standard.1. Scope

6、1.1 This specification2relates to possible hazards that maynot be recognized readily by the public and that may beencountered in the normal use for which a toy is intended orafter reasonably foreseeable abuse. It does not purport to coverevery conceivable hazard of a particular toy. This specificati

7、ondoes not cover product performance or quality, except asrelated to safety. Except for the labeling requirements pointingout the functional hazards and age range for which the toy isintended, this specification has no requirements for thoseaspects of a toy that present an inherent and recognized ha

8、zardas part of the function of the toy. Such an example is a sharppoint necessary for the function of a needle. The needle is aninherent hazard that is well understood by the purchaser of atoy sewing kit, and this hazard is communicated to the user aspart of the normal educational process.1.2 On the

9、 other hand, while a riding toy has inherenthazards associated with its use (for example, falling off ontothe sidewalk), the possible hazards associated with its con-struction (sharp edges, exposed mechanisms, etc.) will beminimized by the application of this specification.1.3 This specification cov

10、ers requirements and contains testmethods for toys intended for use by children under 14 years ofage. Different age limits for various requirements will be foundin this specification. These limits reflect the nature of thehazards and expected mental or physical ability, or both, of achild to cope wi

11、th the hazards.1.4 Articles not covered by this specification are as follows:BicyclesTricyclesNon-Powered Scooters(see Consumer Safety Specification F2264)Recreational Powered Scooters and Pocket Bikes(see Consumer Safety Specification F2641)Sling shots and sharp-pointed dartsPlayground equipmentNon

12、-powder gunsKitesHobby and craft items in which the finished item is notprimarily of play valueModel kits in which the finished item is not primarily ofplay valueCrayons, paints, chalks, and other similar art materials inwhich the material itself or the finished item is notprimarily of play value, e

13、xcept that all art materials,whether or not a component of a toy, must comply withLHAMA, in accordance with 4.29.1-4.29.3.Toy ChestsSporting goods, camping goods, athletic equipment,musical instruments, juvenile products, and furniture;however, toys that are their counterparts are covered.(It is rec

14、ognized that there is often a fine line between,1This consumer safety specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Commit-tee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF15.22 on Toy Safety.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011. Published December 2011. Originallyapp

15、roved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as F963 08. DOI:10.1520/F0963-11.2Toy Industry Association, Inc. (TIA) sometimes provides its interpretations ofthis specification through its counsel as a service to its members and others. TheTIAs interpretations are not reviewed or approved by

16、ASTM and should be viewedas TIAs alone.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.for example, a musical instrument or a sporting itemand its toy counterpart. The intention of the produceror distributor, as well as normal use an

17、d reasonablyforeseeable abuse, determines whether the item is atoy counterpart.)Powered models of aircraft, rockets, boats, and landvehicles; however, toys that are their counterparts arecovered.Constant air inflatables1.5 General guidelines for age labeling toys and toy pack-aging are contained in

18、Annex A1.1.6 Information regarding packaging and shipping is con-tained in Annex A2.1.7 This consumer safety specification includes the follow-ing sections:Title SectionScope 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Safety Requirements 4Material Quality 4.1Flammability 4.2Toxicology 4.3Electrical/Thermal

19、 Energy 4.4Sound Producing Toys 4.5Small Objects 4.6Accessible Edges 4.7Projections 4.8Accessible Points 4.9Wires or Rods 4.10Nails and Fasteners 4.11Plastic Film 4.12Folding Mechanisms and Hinges 4.13Cords and Elastics in Toys 4.14Stability and Over-Load Requirements 4.15Confined Spaces 4.16Wheels,

20、 Tires, and Axles 4.17Holes, Clearance, and Accessibility of Mechanisms 4.18Simulated Protective Devices 4.19Pacifiers 4.20Projectile Toys 4.21Teethers and Teething Toys 4.22Rattles 4.23Squeeze Toys 4.24Battery-Operated Toys 4.25Toys Intended to be Attached to a Cribor Playpen 4.26Stuffed and Beanba

21、g-Type Toys 4.27Stroller and Carriage Toys 4.28Art Materials 4.29Toy Gun Marking 4.30Balloons 4.31Certain Toys with Nearly Spherical Ends 4.32Marbles 4.33Balls 4.34Pompoms 4.35Hemispheric-Shaped Objects 4.36Yo Yo Elastic Tether Toys 4.37Magnets 4.38Jaw Entrapment in Handles and Steering Wheels 4.39S

22、afety Labeling Requirements 5Instructional Literature 6Producers Markings 7Test Methods 8General 8.1Testing for Hazardous Substance Content 8.2Test Methods for Determination of Heavy ElementContent in Toys, Toy Components and Materials8.3Tests for Cleanliness and Preservative Effectiveness 8.4Normal

23、 Use Testing 8.5Abuse Testing 8.6Impact Tests 8.7Torque Tests for Removal of Components 8.8Tension Test for Removal of Components 8.9Compression Test 8.10Tests for Tire Removal and Snap-in Wheel andAxle Assembly Removal 8.11Flexure Test 8.12Test for Mouth-Actuated Toys 8.13Projectiles 8.14Test for S

24、tability of Ride-On Toys 8.15Stalled Motor Test for Battery-Operated Toys 8.17Tests for Battery-Powered Ride-On Toys 8.18Tests for Toys which Produce Noise 8.19Dynamic Strength Test for Wheeled Ride-On Toys 8.20Packaging Film Thickness 8.21Test for Loops and Cords 8.22Yo Yo Elastic Tether Toy Test M

25、ethods 8.23Magnet Test Methods 8.24Test Methods for Locking Mechanisms orOther Means 8.25Identification 9Age Grading Guidelines Annex A1Packaging and Shipping Annex A2Design Guidelines for Toys Attached to Cribsor Playpens Annex A3Design Guidelines for Bath Toy Projections Annex A4Flammability Testi

26、ng Procedure for Solids and Soft Toys Annex A5Flammability Testing Procedure for Fabrics Annex A6Compositing Procedure for Total Heavy Metal Analysis Annex A7Rationale for 2007 Revisions Annex A8Rationale for 2008 Revisions Annex A9Rationale for 2011 Revisions Annex A101.8 The values stated first ar

27、e to be regarded as the standard.The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.9 The following precautionary statement pertains only tothe test methods portion, Section 8, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with

28、its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D374 Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insu-lationD642 Tes

29、t Method for Determining Compressive Resis-tance of Shipping Containers, Components, and UnitLoadsD880 Test Method for Impact Testing for Shipping Con-tainers and SystemsD999 Test Methods for Vibration Testing of Shipping Con-tainersD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD2240 Test Method for Rubber P

30、ropertyDurometerHardnessD3421 Practice for Extraction and Determination of Plasti-cizer Mixtures from Vinyl Chloride Plastics4D4236 Practice for Labeling Art Materials for ChronicHealth Hazards3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at se

31、rviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.F963 112D5276 Test Method for Drop Test of Loaded Containers byFree FallF

32、404 Consumer Safety Specification for High ChairsF406 Consumer Safety Specification for Non-Full-SizeBaby Cribs/Play YardsF834 Consumer Safety Specification for Toy ChestsF1313 Specification for Volatile N-Nitrosamine Levels inRubber Nipples on PacifiersF1148 Consumer Safety Performance Specificatio

33、n forHome Playground EquipmentF2264 Consumer Safety Specification for Non-PoweredScootersF2641 Consumer Safety Specification for RecreationalPowered Scooters and Pocket BikesF2853 Test Method for Determination of Lead in PaintLayers and Similar Coatings or in Substrates and Homog-enous Materials by

34、Energy Dispersive X-Ray FluorescenceSpectrometry Using Multiple Monochromatic ExcitationBeamsF2923 Specification for Consumer Product Safety for Chil-drens Jewelry2.2 ANSI Standards:5C18.1 American National Standard for Dry Cells andBatteriesSpecificationsS1.4 Specification for Sound Level MetersZ31

35、5.1 Safety Requirements for Tricycles2.3 European Standards:6EN 71-1 Safety of toys - Part 1: Mechanical and physicalpropertiesEN 71-3 Safety of toys - Part 3: Migration of certainelements2.4 Federal Standards:715 CFR 1150 Marking of Toys, Look-Alike and ImitationFirearms16 CFR 1303 Ban of Lead-Cont

36、aining Paint and CertainConsumer Products Bearing Lead Containing Paint16 CFR 1500 Hazardous Substances Act Regulations, in-cluding the following sections:16 CFR 1500.3 (c) (6) (vi) Definition of “flammable solid”16 CFR 1500.14 Products requiring special labeling undersection 3(b) of the act16 CFR 1

37、500.18 Banned toys and other banned articlesintended for use by children16 CFR 1500.19 Misbranded toys and other articles in-tended for use by children16 CFR 1500.44 Method for determining extremely flam-mable and flammable solids16 CFR 1500.47 Method for determining the sound pressurelevel produced

38、 by toy caps16 CFR 1500.48 Technical requirements for determining asharp point in toys and other articles intended for use bychildren under 8 years of age16 CFR 1500.49 Technical requirements for determining asharp metal or glass edge in toys and other articlesintended for use by children under 8 ye

39、ars of age16 CFR 1500.50-53 Test method for simulating use andabuse of toys and other articles intended for use bychildren16 CFR 1500.83 Exemptions for small packages, minorhazards, and special circumstances16 CFR 1500.85 Exemptions from classification as bannedhazardous substances16 CFR 1500.86 Exe

40、mptions from classification as abanned toy or other banned article for use by children16 CFR 1500.87 Childrens products containing lead: inac-cessible component parts16 CFR 1500.88 Exemptions from lead limits under section101 of the Consumer Product Safety ImprovementAct forcertain electronic device

41、s16 CFR 1500.91 Determinations regarding lead content forcertain materials or products under section 101 of theConsumer Product Safety Improvement Act16 CFR 1501 Method for Identifying Toys and OtherArticles Intended for Use by Children Under 3 Years ofAge which Present Choking, Aspiration, or Inges

42、tionHazards Because of Small Parts16 CFR 1505 Requirements for Electrically Operated Toysor Other Electrically Operated Articles Intended for Useby Children16 CFR 1510 Requirements for Rattles16 CFR 1511 Requirements for Pacifiers16 CFR 1610 Standard for Flammability of Clothing Tex-tiles21 CFR 110

43、Current Good Manufacturing Practice inManufacturing, Processing, Packaging, or Holding Hu-man Food21 CFR 170-189 Food for Human Consumption21 CFR 700-740 Requirements for Specific Cosmetic Prod-ucts21 CFR 73, 74, 81, 82 Color Additives49 CFR 173.100, 109 Definition of Class C ExplosivesCPSC-CH-E1001

44、-08.1 Standard Operating Procedure forDetermining Total Lead (Pb) in Metal Childrens Products(including Childrens Metal Jewelry)8CPSC-CH-E1002-08.1 Standard Operating Procedure forDetermining Total Lead (Pb) in Non-Metal ChildrensProducts8CPSC-CH-E1003-09 Standard Operating Procedure for De-terminin

45、g Lead (Pb) in Paint and Other Similar SurfaceCoatings8CPSC-CH-E1004-11 Standard Operating Procedure for De-termining Cadmium (Cd) Extractability from ChildrensMetal Jewelry85Electronic copy available from American National Standards Institute website:www.ansi.org; hard copies from Global Engineerin

46、g Documents, 15 Inverness WayEast, Englewood, CO 80112.6Available from European Committee for Standardization (CEN), AvenueMarnix 17, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium, http:/www.cen.eu.7Available from U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission website:www.cpsc.gov or U.S. Government Printing Office, Superinte

47、ndent of Documents;P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954; website: www.gpo.gov8Available from U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), 4330 EastWest Hwy., Bethesda, MD 20814, http:/www.cpsc.gov.F963 113SS-T-312B Tile, Floor:Asphalt, Rubber, Vinyl, VinylAsbes-tos9Voluntary Product Standar

48、d PS 72-76 Toy Safety102.5 ISO and IEC Standards:11ISO 3696 Water for analytical laboratory use Specifica-tion and test methodsISO 3746:1995 AcousticsDetermination of Sound PowerLevels of Noise Sources Using Sound PressureSurveyMethod Using an Enveloping Measurement Surface Overa Reflecting PlaneISO

49、 7779 AcousticsMeasurement ofAirborne Noise Emit-ted by Computer and Business EquipmentISO 8124-1 Safety of toys Part 1: Safety aspects related tomechanical and physical propertiesISO 8124-3 Safety of toys Part 3: Migration of certainelementsISO 11202 AcousticsNoise Emitted by Machinery andEquipmentMeasurement of Emission Sound PressureLevels at a Work Station and at Other SpecifiedPositionsSurvey Method in situISO 11204 AcousticsNoise Emitted by Machinery andEquipmentMeasurement of Emission Sound PressureLevels at a Work Station and at Other SpecifiedP