ASTM F964-2008 Standard Specification for Rigid Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Exterior Profiles Used for Fencing and Railing.pdf

1、Designation: F 964 08Standard Specification forRigid Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Exterior Profiles Used forFencing and Railing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 964; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revisio

2、n, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification establishes requirements for the ma-terial properties and physical properties, incl

3、uding dimensionaltolerances, extrusion quality, and weatherability, of rigid polyvinyl-chloride (PVC) exterior profiles used for agricultural,commercial, residential fencing and railing. Methods for test-ing and for identifying exterior profile extrusions that complywith this specification are also

4、provided.NOTE 1Information with regard to application, assembly, and instal-lation should be obtained from the manufacturer and/or in accordance withPractice F 1999.NOTE 2Loadbearing characteristics for fence and railing assembliesare not addressed within this specification (for example, windload,ho

5、rizontal or vertical guardrail loading).1.2 The material used in these exterior profiles is limited torigid poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) compounds in a singlehomogeneous extrusion or in a coextrusion of two or morePVC compounds in distinct layers.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be re

6、gardedas the standard. The values in parentheses are provided forinformation only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and d

7、etermine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD 635 Test Method for Rate of Burning and/or Extent andTime of Burning of Plastics in a Horizontal PositionD 696 Test Method for Coefficie

8、nt of Linear Thermal Ex-pansion of Plastics Between 30C and 30C with aVitreous Silica DilatometerD 883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD 1435 Practice for Outdoor Weathering of PlasticsD 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD 1784 Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PV

9、C)Compounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride)(CPVC) CompoundsD 1898 Practice for Sampling of Plastics3D 2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances andColor Differences from Instrumentally Measured ColorCoordinatesD 2565 Practice for Xenon-Arc Exposure of Plastics In-tended for Outdoor Appl

10、icationsD 4216 Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)and Related PVC and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride)(CPVC) Building Products CompoundsD 4226 Test Methods for Impact Resistance of Rigid Poly-(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Building ProductsD 4726 Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (

11、PVC)Exterior-Profile Extrusions Used for Assembled Windowsand DoorsF 1999 Practice for Installation of Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chlo-ride) (PVC) Fence SystemsG 154 Practice for Operating Fluorescent Light Apparatusfor UV Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials3. Terminology3.1 GeneralDefinitions are in accordance

12、 with Terminolo-gies D 883 and D 1600, unless otherwise indicated.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 capstockthe outer layer in a coextrusion exposed toweathering.3.2.2 coextrusionthe process of coextruding profiles fromtwo or more concentric streams of PVC compounds.NOTE 3Sepa

13、rate PVC materials may be coextruded to form a multi-layered profile with each layer having different physical characteristics1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F14 on Fencesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F14.30 on Rigid Polymer FenceSystems.Current edit

14、ion approved Feb. 1, 2008. Published February 2008. Originallyapproved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as F964 - 02.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume inform

15、ation, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Copyright by ASTM Intl (all rights reserved); Wed Mar 19 01:34:01 EST 2008Downloaded/printed byGuo Dehua

16、 (CNIS) pursuant to License Agreement. No further reproductions authorized.such as strength and weathering.3.2.3 reworked materialmaterial from the manufacturersfacility of known, compatible composition meeting the mate-rial requirement of this specification that has been reground,pelletized, or sol

17、vated after having been previously processedby molding, extrusion, and so forth.3.2.4 single layer profileprofiles extruded from a singlePVC compound. Weathering and other physical characteristicsare uniform throughout the profile.3.2.5 substrateinner layer(s) of a coextrusion not exposedto weatheri

18、ng.3.2.6 temperate northern climatein weather testing, aNorth American metropolitan area testing site located within73 to 100 W longitude and 37 to 45 N latitude.3.2.7 color-hold guidelinespredictive target color regionswithin a three-dimensional model which constitute acceptableappearance retention

19、 levels of color change resulting fromweathering of specific product type and color.NOTE 4Commercial products which demonstrate weathering behav-ior within reasonable conformance to these target guidelines during a2year test period can be anticipated to weather without exhibitingunacceptable color c

20、hanges during the service life of the product.4. Significance and Use4.1 The purpose of this specification is to establish arecognized standard of quality for rigid poly vinyl chloride(PVC) exterior profiles for use in assembling agricultural,commercial, and residential fencing and railing. The term

21、“PVC fence” refers to complete fencing and railings systems inwhich the primary structural members such as posts, rails,spindles, pickets, and gates are made from PVC exteriorprofiles. Accessory components (not included in this specifi-cation), including bolts, screws, hinges, latches, caps, andbrac

22、kets, may be made from PVC and/or non-PVC materials.The information contained in this specification is intended tobe helpful to producers, distributors, and users and to promoteunderstanding between purchasers and sellers.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 The rigid poly vinyl chloride (PVC) compound f

23、orexterior-profile extrusions meeting the requirements of thisspecification are categorized by the cell class requirements inaccordance with Specification D 4216.5.2 The PVC compounds used for the products meeting thisspecification shall meet cell Class 32023323 as defined inSpecification D 4216. Co

24、mpounds that have higher cell clas-sification because one or more properties are superior to thosein the specified compound are acceptable.5.3 ColorThe color of the profiles shall be as agreed uponbetween the purchaser and the seller. The color specified shallbe uniform throughout a single material

25、extrusion or through-out the capstock layer of a coextruded profile for profilesintended to be of uniform color.5.4 The extruded profiles shall be free from visible cracks,voids, foreign inclusions, or other defects.5.5 The PVC compound, when tested in accordance withTest Method D 635, shall not exc

26、eed an average extent of burnof 4 in. (100 mm), with an average time of burn not to exceed10 s. A sample thickness of 0.090 6 0.009 in. (2.3 6 0.2 mm)shall be used.NOTE 5The flammability testing data, conclusions, and recommen-dations of Test Method D 635 relate solely to the measurement anddescript

27、ion of the properties of materials, products, or systems in responseto heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not beused for the description or appraisal of the fire hazard of materials,products, or systems under actual fire conditions.NOTE 6No recycled (post consumer waste

28、) may be used in theproduction of fence profiles.5.6 Reworked MaterialClean reworked material may beused, provided that the fence profiles produced in whole or inpart from the reworked materials meet all of the requirementsof this specification.5.7 The PVC compound in extruded section shall maintain

29、uniform color and be free of any visual surface or structuralchanges, such as peeling, chipping, cracking, flaking, or pittingafter weathering for six months and one year for white and forsix months, one year, and two years for all other colors in hot,dry climate such as Phoenix, AZ; a hot humid cli

30、mate, such asMiami, FL; and a temperate northern climate, when tested inaccordance with 7.1.1-7.1.4.5.8 The PVC compound shall have a minimum impactresistance of 0.6 in.-lb/mil (2670 J/m) after weathering sixmonths and one year in a hot, dry climate such as Phoenix,AZ;a hot, humid climate, such as M

31、iami, FL; and a temperatenorthern climate, when tested in accordance with 7.1.1-7.1.4.5.9 The PVC compound shall have successfully met theweathering requirements prescribed in 5.7 and 5.8 for sixmonths at each climatic testing site prior to use in productionof exterior-profile extrusions, when teste

32、d in accordance with7.1.1-7.1.4.NOTE 7The six-month test requirement constitutes a screening pro-cess to eliminate catastrophic failure.6. Physical Requirements6.1 Length, Height, and WidthThe specified length,height, and width of the fencing profiles shall be as agreedupon between the purchaser and

33、 the seller, or by establishedinternal process control standards. The actual length shall bewithin 614 in. (6.4 mm) of the specified length and the actualheight and width shall be within116 in. (1.6 mm) of thespecified height and width when measured in accordance with8.4 and 8.5.6.2 Weight Tolerance

34、Profile extrusion weight shall not bemore than 10 % below the specified profile weight indicated inthe manufacturers specifications.6.3 Impact ResistanceAll profiles are to be tested inaccordance with Test Method D 4226, Procedure “B,” usingimpactor C.125. Flat sections of the profile extrusion shal

35、l havea minimum brittle impact failure of 1.5 in. lb/mil (6675 J/m).6.4 WarpThe maximum allowable warp shall be 0.5 % ofthe length of the fence profile when determined in accordancewith 8.7.6.5 Dimensional StabilityThe dimensional stability of theprofile extrusions shall be determined in accordance

36、with 8.9.Extrusions shall have a maximum average shrinkage of 2.4 %for all sides measured, with no single value exceeding 3 %.F964082Copyright by ASTM Intl (all rights reserved); Wed Mar 19 01:34:01 EST 2008Downloaded/printed byGuo Dehua (CNIS) pursuant to License Agreement. No further reproductions

37、 authorized.NOTE 8Expansion and contraction of the fence profile lengths mustbe taken in consideration in the design of the fencing system.6.6 Coeffcient of Linear ExpansionThe fencing profilesshall have a coefficient of linear expansion not greater than 4.43 105in./in. F (7.9 3 105mm/mm C) when tes

38、ted inaccordance with Test Method D 696.NOTE 9Expansion and contraction of the fence profile lengths mustbe taken in consideration in the design of the fencing system.6.7 Thickness of PVC CapstockPVC extruded profilesproduced by coextrusion, which contain two or more layers,shall have an outer layer

39、 (capstock) that is no less than 0.010in. (0.25 mm) thick at any point on all surfaces exposed to UVrays upon completed installation.6.8 BondFor PVC profiles produced by coextrusion, thebond between the layers shall be strong and uniform. It shallnot be possible to separate any two layers with a pro

40、be or pointof a knife blade so that the layers separate at any point.7. Performance Requirements7.1 Weathering7.1.1 The exposures listed in Table 1 shall be conducted inorder to meet the requirements of this specification. Allexposures shall be conducted at an angle of 45 degrees South,plywood backe

41、d, in accordance with Practice D 1435.7.1.2 After six months and one year exposure times, theminimum mean impact for 20 measurements conducted on theexposed specimens shall be at least 0.6 in. lb/mil (2670 J/m) inaccordance with 8.6 or 8.9 respectively.7.1.3 After each exposure time, the tested spec

42、imens shallmaintain a uniform color and be free of any visual surface orstructural changes such as peeling, chipping, cracking, flaking,and pitting when tested in accordance with D 1435.7.1.4 Weatherability conformance testing requirements areto reflect performance of a “typical” extrusion system pr

43、ofilerepresenting a specific PVC compound and a specific extrusiontechnology. In no case is there an implied requirement fortesting all the various shaped profiles. The profile extrusionproducer shall immediately respond in terms of compoundchange or extrusion technology change to unsatisfactoryweat

44、herability behavior of the profiles under test in anyclimatic test site at any stage of the weatherability testing.NOTE 10It is recommended that manufacturers utilize the color-holdguidelines in Appendix X1 of Specification D 4726 to ensure qualityperformance.8. Test Methods8.1 GeneralThe inspection

45、 and test procedures containedin this section are used to determine the conformance ofproducts to the requirements of this specification. Each pro-ducer who represents his products as conforming to thisspecification may utilize statistically based sampling plans thatare appropriate for each manufact

46、uring process. The producershall keep the essential records necessary to document with ahigh degree of assurance his claim that all the requirements ofthis specification have been met. Additional sampling andtesting of the products, as may be agreed upon between thepurchaser and the seller at the ti

47、me of the execution of the salesagreement, are not precluded by this section.8.2 Conditioning and Test Conditions:8.2.1 Specimens to be tested at 73.4 6 3.6F (23 6 2C)shall be conditioned in accordance with Practice D 618 for noless than one hour. Specimens to be tested at 32 6 3.6F (06 2C) shall be

48、 continued in accordance with Practice D 618for no less than one hour.8.3 SamplingThe selection of sample or samples of fenceprofiles shall be as agreed upon between the purchaser and theseller. In the absence of any prior agreement, the selection ofsample or samples of fence shall be in accordance

49、with thepertinent considerations outlined in Practices D 1898.8.3.1 Sample MarkingSamples being tested at a testlaboratory, not at the manufacturers location, shall be markedwith a verifiable and permanent marking that shall identify themanufacturer.8.3.2 The number of specimens or the size of the specimenmust be sufficient to obtain 20 impact locations of the droppeddart for each weathering interval.8.3.3 The thickness of any profile tested must not differfrom the manufacturers published specification of the sameprofile.8.