ASTM F964-2013 Standard Specification for Rigid Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Exterior Profiles Used for Fencing and Railing《护栏用刚性聚乙烯(PVC)外部轮廓的标准规范》.pdf

1、Designation: F964 13Standard Specification forRigid Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Exterior Profiles Used forFencing and Railing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F964; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision,

2、 the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification establishes requirements for the ma-terial properties and physical properties, including d

3、imensionaltolerances, extrusion quality, and weatherability, of rigid polyvinyl-chloride (PVC) exterior profiles used for agricultural,commercial, residential fencing and railing. Methods for test-ing and for identifying exterior profile extrusions that complywith this specification are also provide

4、d.NOTE 1Information with regard to application, assembly, and instal-lation should be obtained from the manufacturer or in accordance withPractice F1999, or both.NOTE 2Loadbearing characteristics for fence and railing assembliesare not addressed within this specification (for example, windload,horiz

5、ontal or vertical guardrail loading).1.2 The material used in these exterior profiles is limited torigid poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) compounds in a singlehomogeneous extrusion or in a coextrusion of two or morePVC compounds in distinct layers.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regar

6、dedas the standard. The values in parentheses are provided forinformation only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and dete

7、rmine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD635 Test Method for Rate of Burning and/or Extent andTime of Burning of Plastics in a Horizontal PositionD696 Test Method for Coefficient of

8、Linear Thermal Expan-sion of Plastics Between 30C and 30C with a VitreousSilica DilatometerD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1435 Practice for Outdoor Weathering of PlasticsD1600 Terminology forAbbreviated Terms Relating to Plas-ticsD1898 Practice for Sampling of Plastics (Withdrawn 1998)3D2565

9、Practice for Xenon-Arc Exposure of Plastics In-tended for Outdoor ApplicationsD4216 Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)and Related PVC and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride)(CPVC) Building Products CompoundsD4226 Test Methods for Impact Resistance of Rigid Poly-(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Bu

10、ilding ProductsD4726 Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)Exterior-Profile Extrusions Used for Assembled Windowsand DoorsF1999 Practice for Installation of Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chlo-ride) (PVC) Fence SystemsG154 Practice for Operating Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV)Lamp Apparatus for Exposure

11、of Nonmetallic Materials3. Terminology3.1 GeneralDefinitions are in accordance with Terminolo-gies D883 and D1600, unless otherwise indicated.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 capstockthe outer layer in a coextrusion exposed toweathering.3.2.2 coextrusionthe process of coextru

12、ding profiles fromtwo or more concentric streams of PVC compounds.NOTE 3Separate PVC materials may be coextruded to form amulti-layered profile with each layer having different physical character-istics such as strength and weathering.3.2.3 color-hold guidelinespredictive target color regionswithin

13、a three-dimensional model which constitute acceptableappearance retention levels of color change resulting fromweathering of specific product type and color.1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F14 on Fencesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F14.30 on Rigid Po

14、lymer FenceSystems.Current edition approved July 1, 2013. Published July 2013. Originally approvedin 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as F964 - 09. DOI: 10.1520/F0964-13.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.o

15、rg. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2

16、959. United States1NOTE 4Commercial products which demonstrate weathering behaviorwithin reasonable conformance to these target guidelines during a 2yeartest period can be anticipated to weather without exhibiting unacceptablecolor changes during the service life of the product.3.2.4 longitudinal bo

17、wrefers to bow along the span. Lon-gitude is measured along the span.3.2.5 reworked materialmaterial from the manufacturersfacility of known, compatible composition meeting the mate-rial requirement of this specification that has been reground,pelletized, or solvated after having been previously pro

18、cessedby molding, extrusion, and so forth.3.2.6 single layer profileprofiles extruded from a singlePVC compound. Weathering and other physical characteristicsare uniform throughout the profile.3.2.7 substrateinner layer(s) of a coextrusion not exposedto weathering.3.2.8 temperate northern climatein

19、weather testing, aNorth American metropolitan area testing site located within73 to 100 W longitude and 37 to 45 N latitude.4. Significance and Use4.1 The purpose of this specification is to establish arecognized standard of quality for rigid poly vinyl chloride(PVC) exterior profiles for use in ass

20、embling agricultural,commercial, and residential fencing and railing. The term“PVC fence” refers to complete fencing and railings systems inwhich the primary structural members such as posts, rails,spindles, pickets, and gates are made from PVC exteriorprofiles. Accessory components (not included in

21、 thisspecification), including bolts, screws, hinges, latches, caps,and brackets, may be made from PVC or non-PVC materials,or both. The information contained in this specification isintended to be helpful to producers, distributors, and users andto promote understanding between purchasers and selle

22、rs.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 The rigid poly vinyl chloride (PVC) compound forexterior-profile extrusions meeting the requirements of thisspecification are categorized by the cell class requirements inaccordance with Specification D4216.5.2 The PVC compounds used for the products meeting thissp

23、ecification shall meet a minimum cell class of 1-20233-23for PVC profiles and 3-20233-23 for PVC substrate withalernate capstock materials as defined in Specification D4216.Compounds that have higher cell classification because one ormore properties are superior to those in the specified compoundare

24、 acceptable.5.3 ColorThe color of the profiles shall be as agreed uponbetween the purchaser and the seller. The color specified shallbe uniform throughout a single material extrusion or through-out the capstock layer of a coextruded profile for profilesintended to be of uniform color.5.4 The extrude

25、d profiles shall be free from visible cracks,voids, or foreign inclusions.5.5 The PVC compound, when tested in accordance withTest Method D635, shall not exceed an average extent of burnof 4 in. (100 mm), with an average time of burn not to exceed10 s. A sample thickness of 0.090 6 0.009 in. (2.3 6

26、0.2 mm)shall be used.NOTE 5The flammability testing data, conclusions, and recommen-dations of Test Method D635 relate solely to the measurement anddescription of the properties of materials, products, or systems in responseto heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not beus

27、ed for the description or appraisal of the fire hazard of materials,products, or systems under actual fire conditions.NOTE 6No recycled (post consumer waste) may be used in theproduction of fence profiles.5.6 Reworked MaterialClean reworked material may beused, provided that the fence profiles produ

28、ced in whole or inpart from the reworked materials meet all of the requirementsof this specification.5.7 The PVC compound in extruded section shall maintainuniform color and be free of any visual surface or structuralchanges, such as peeling, chipping, cracking, flaking, or pittingafter weathering f

29、or six months and one year for white and forsix months, one year, and two years for all other colors in hot,dry climate such as Phoenix, AZ; a hot humid climate, such asMiami, FL; and a temperate northern climate, when tested inaccordance with 7.1.1-7.1.4.5.8 The PVC compound shall have a minimum im

30、pactresistance of 0.6 in.-lb/mil (2670 J/m) after weathering sixmonths and one year in a hot, dry climate such as Phoenix,AZ;a hot, humid climate, such as Miami, FL; and a temperatenorthern climate, when tested in accordance with 7.1.1-7.1.4.5.9 The PVC compound shall have successfully met theweathe

31、ring requirements prescribed in 5.7 and 5.8 for sixmonths at each climatic testing site prior to use in productionof exterior-profile extrusions, when tested in accordance with7.1.1-7.1.4.NOTE 7The six-month test requirement constitutes a screeningprocess to eliminate catastrophic failure.6. Physica

32、l Requirements6.1 Length, Height, and WidthThe specified length,height, and width of the fencing profiles shall be as agreedupon between the purchaser and the seller, or by establishedinternal process control standards. The actual length shall bewithin 614 in. (6.4 mm) of the specified length and th

33、e actualheight and width shall be within116 in. (1.6 mm) of thespecified height and width when measured in accordance with8.4 and 8.5.6.2 Weight ToleranceProfile extrusion weight shall not bemore than 10 % below the specified profile weight indicated inthe manufacturers specifications.6.3 Impact Res

34、istanceAll profiles are to be tested inaccordance with Test Method D4226, Procedure “B,” usingimpactor C.125. Flat sections of the profile extrusion shall havea minimum impact failure of 1.5 in. lb/mil (6675 J/m).6.4 Longitudinal BowThe maximum longitudinal bowallowable shall be calculated using the

35、 following formula:B 5 4608.125 2 =4608.12522 0.5l!2!whereF964 132B = longitudinal bowr = radius of bow circlel = length of extruded profileNOTE 8The Longitudinal Bow formula was derived from the Py-thagorean Theorem using a right triangle inscribed within a circle with theradius equivilant to the a

36、rc formed by a 96 in. line with a 0.25 in. bow atthe center of the line. See Fig. 1 for more detail.6.5 Dimensional StabilityThe dimensional stability of theprofile extrusions shall be determined in accordance with 8.9.Extrusions shall have a maximum average shrinkage of 2.4 %for all sides measured,

37、 with no single value exceeding 3 %.NOTE 9Expansion and contraction of the fence profile lengths must betaken in consideration in the design of the fencing system.6.6 Coeffcient of Linear ExpansionThe fencing profilesshall have a coefficient of linear expansion not greater than 4.4105in./in. F (7.9

38、105mm/mm C) when tested inaccordance with Test Method D696.NOTE 10Expansion and contraction of the fence profile lengths mustbe taken in consideration in the design of the fencing system.6.7 Thickness of PVC CapstockPVC extruded profilesproduced by coextrusion, which contain two or more layers,shall

39、 have an outer layer (capstock) that is no less than 0.010in. (0.25 mm) thick at any point on all surfaces exposed to UVrays upon completed installation.6.8 BondFor PVC profiles produced by coextrusion, thebond between the layers shall be strong and uniform. It shallnot be possible to separate any t

40、wo layers with a probe or pointof a knife blade so that the layers separate at any point.7. Performance Requirements7.1 Weathering7.1.1 The exposures listed in Table 2 shall be conducted inorder to meet the requirements of this specification. Allexposures shall be conducted at an angle of 45 degrees

41、 South,plywood backed, in accordance with Practice D1435.7.1.2 After six months and one year exposure times, theminimum mean impact for 20 measurements conducted on theexposed specimens shall be at least 0.6 in. lb/mil (2670 J/m) inaccordance with 8.9.7.1.3 After each exposure time, the tested speci

42、mens shallmaintain a uniform color and be free of any visual surface orstructural changes such as peeling, chipping, cracking, flaking,and pitting when tested in accordance with Practice D1435.7.1.4 Weatherability conformance testing requirements areto reflect performance of a “typical” extrusion sy

43、stem profilerepresenting a specific PVC compound and a specific extrusiontechnology. In no case is there an implied requirement fortesting all the various shaped profiles. The profile extrusionproducer shall immediately respond in terms of compoundchange or extrusion technology change to unsatisfact

44、oryweatherability behavior of the profiles under test in anyclimatic test site at any stage of the weatherability testing.NOTE 11It is recommended that manufacturers utilize the color-holdguidelines in Appendix X1 of Specification D4726 to ensure qualityperformance.8. Test Methods8.1 GeneralThe insp

45、ection and test procedures containedin this section are used to determine the conformance ofPythagorean Theorem a21b25c2The length of “a” is calculated using Pythagorean Theorema21b25c2a25c22b2a5c2sc2bdThe Longitudinal Bow is calculated by the diagram above by:Bl5c2sc22b2dor simplified to convential

46、 terms whereBl= longitudinal bowr = radius of bow circle (“c”)l = length of extruded profile (“a”)Bl5r2sr22s0.5ld2dor simplified further where:r = 4608.125 in.Bl54608.1252s4608.12522s0.5ld2dFIG. 1 Diagram for Calculation of Longitudinal BowTABLE 1 Allowable Bow for Common Length Extrusions asMeasure

47、d per 8.7Profile Length Allowable Bow per Piece72 in. 0.141 in.96 in. 0.250 in.144 in. 0.563 in.192 in. 1.000 in.240 in. 1.563 in.TABLE 2 Required Exposures for PVC ExtrusionsColor of PVCExtrusionsExposure Climate Required ExposureTimes,monthsAWhitehot, dry (Phoenix, AZ) 6 and 12hot, humid (Miami, F

48、L) 6 and 12northern temperate 6 and 12Any other colorhot, dry (Phoenix, AZ) 6, 12 and 24hot, humid (Miami, FL) 6, 12 and 24northern temperate 6, 12 and 24AIt is recommended that separate specimens be used for each exposure time.F964 133products to the requirements of this specification. Each pro-duc

49、er who represents his products as conforming to thisspecification may utilize statistically based sampling plans thatare appropriate for each manufacturing process. The producershall keep the essential records necessary to document with ahigh degree of assurance his claim that all the requirements ofthis specification have been met. Additional sampling andtesting of the products, as may be agreed upon between thepurchaser and the seller at the time of the execution of the salesagreement, are not precluded by this section.8