1、Designation: F2090 10Standard Specification forWindow Fall Prevention Devices With Emergency Escape(Egress) Release Mechanisms1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2090; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revisio
2、n, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis consumer safety specification addresses window fall prevention devices that protect againstpotenti
3、al falls by children aged five years and under through open windows. Window fall preventiondevices currently available include window opening control devices, window fall prevention screens,and some types of window guards. These devices use different strategies to prevent children fromfalling throug
4、h open windows. Window opening control devices restrict the size of the open area ofthe window so that it is too small for a young child to fall through. They do this by allowing thewindow opening to be set at a predetermined position. Window fall prevention screens and fallprevention window guards
5、provide a barrier to prevent a child from falling through an open window.A special study2by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) indicates that youngchildren are at risk of death and serious injury from falls through open windows. Children aged fiveand younger account for a higher perc
6、entage of window fall fatalities and injuries.3Window fall prevention devices usually differ in purpose and application from security/burglar bars.The general purpose of a window fall prevention device is to prevent a child age five or younger fromfalling through an open window. The general purpose
7、of a security bar is to prevent unlawful entrythrough a window. Generally window fall prevention devices and security bars are two separatedevices. However, a security bar could be used as a fall prevention device if it meets the requirementsof this specification.The CPSC has advised caregivers to o
8、pen windows less than 4 in. when children are present as onemeans to prevent child falls through open windows. Window opening control devices provide a meansthat the window, when opened in an initial operation, will satisfy the CPSC recommendation to openless than 4 in.4The 4-in. dimension is drawn
9、from related building codes and standards for openingsin guardrail assemblies,5and is universally accepted as the appropriate dimension to prevent a childfrom passing through balcony or guard railing systems.An additional operation is required to open thewindow further. The additional operation must
10、 be performed without the use of keys, tools, or specialknowledge. Security from forced entry is not within the scope of this standard and is not the intendedfunction of any of the devices referred to herein.1. Scope1.1 This specification establishes requirements for devicesintended to address the r
11、isk of injury and death associated withaccidental falls through open windows by children five yearsold and younger.1.2 This specification is not intended to meet the uniquerequirements of Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA).1.3 This specification applies to window fall preventiondevices, including
12、 window opening control devices, windowfall prevention screens, and fall prevention window guards,1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 onConsumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.38 onWindow Fall Prevention.Current edition approved March 15
13、, 2010. Published April 2010. Originallyapproved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as F2090 08. DOI:10.1520/F2090-10.2U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Special Window Falls Study,conducted in 1991.3U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Special Window Falls Study,conducted in
14、1991 and “Window Safety: Data and Patterns Related to Entrapmentsand Accidental Falls from Windows,” prepared by Andersen Corporation.Supporting data have been filed atASTM International Headquarters and may beobtained by requesting Research Report RR:F15-1002.4Consumer Product Safety Commission, “P
15、reventing Window Falls,” Document#5124.5See NFPA 101, 2006 Edition, Section 7.2.2.4.5.3. Also see Section R312.2,guard opening limitations in the 2006 International Residential Code (IRC).1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United Stat
16、es.that are to be used on any windows, including those that aredesignated for emergency escape (egress) and rescue (ingress).NOTE 1A separate safety specification, Safety Specification F2006,covers window fall prevention devices for non-emergency escape (egress)and rescue (ingress) windows in instal
17、lations more than 75 ft6(23 m)above ground level in multiple family dwelling buildings since windowsat these heights are beyond the reach of rescue ladders currently in use.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconver
18、sions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all safetyconcerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety andhealth practices and to d
19、etermine the applicability of regula-tory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:7F977 Consumer Safety Specification for Infant WalkersF1487 Consumer Safety Performance Specification forPlayground Equipment for Public UseF2006 Safety Specification for Window Fall Preventi
20、onDevices for Non-Emergency Escape (Egress) and Rescue(Ingress) Windows2.2 Code of Federal Regualtions:816 CFR 1500.53 Test Methods for Simulating Use andAbuse of Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use byChildren Over 36 But Not Over 96 Months of Age, (f)(3)Testing Procedure16 CFR 1508.6(b) Requir
21、ements for Full-Size Baby CribsCPSC 16 CFR Chapter 11 (1-1-87 Edition) Part 1201 SafetyStandard for Architectural Glazing Materials2.3 ANSI Standards:9ANSI Z535.4 Product Safety Signs and LabelsANSI Z535.6 Product Safety Instructions in Product Manu-als, Instructions and Other Collateral MaterialsAN
22、SI Z97.1-1984 Safety Glazing Materials Used in Build-ings Safety Performance Specifications and Methods ofTest (Tempered Glass Impact Test)ANSI/BHMA A156.9 American National Standard forCabinet HardwareANSI/SMA 1201-2002 Specification for Insect Screens forWindows, Sliding Doors and Swinging Doors2.
23、4 AAMA Standards:10AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/IS.2/A440-08 North AmericanFenestration Standard/Specification for Windows, Doors,and SkylightsAAMA 902 Voluntary Specification for Sash Balances3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 aftermarket, adjreferring to a product or devic
24、e thatis manufactured separately from a window but is intended to beused in conjunction with a window. For purposes of thisstandard, such a device is intended to be attached to or near awindow or its frame in order to prevent a young child frompassing or falling through the window when the window is
25、opened.3.1.2 emergency escape (egress) and rescue (ingress) win-dow, na window intended for emergency escape (egress) andrescue (ingress) during an emergency situation such as fire, gasleak, etc., as defined by the prevailing applicable building andfire codes.3.1.3 fall prevention window guard, ndev
26、ice designed tofit into or onto a window to prevent a child from passing orfalling through an open window. Typically mounted on theinterior frame of the window and includes side frames fastenedto the sides of a window frame and a plurality of spaced-apart,transverse, tubular, width-adjustable crossp
27、iece elements toform a grid pattern between the side supports to preventpassage of a child.3.1.4 release mechanism for emergency escape (egress) andrescue (ingress) window fall prevention device, nmeans ofopening a window fall prevention screen or fall preventionwindow guard or releasing a window op
28、ening control device toprovide a clear opening space for the purpose of emergencyescape or rescue.3.1.5 window, nan opening constructed in a wall or a roofto admit light or air, or both, to any enclosure.3.1.6 window fall, na fall through an open window.3.1.7 window fall prevention device, nany devi
29、ce in-tended to prevent a young child from passing or falling throughan open window. Such a device may be an integral part of awindow, or may be attached to the window, its frame, or thearea around the window after the window has been installed.3.1.8 window fall prevention screen, nscreen device de-
30、signed to fit into or onto a window to prevent a child frompassing or falling through an open window. Typically mountedon the exterior surface/frame of a sliding style window and onthe interior of a cranking style window and includes screeningmesh or material and attachment mechanism(s) of sufficien
31、tstrength to meet the performance requirements of this standardwhile preventing passage of a child.3.1.9 window opening control device, ndevice that limitsa window sash to be opened with normal operation of the sashsuch as to prohibit the free passage of a 4.0-in. (102-mm)diameter rigid sphere11at t
32、he lowest opening portion of thewindow opening, with a release mechanism that shall allow thesash to be opened to a larger opening area such as that required62006 International Building Code, Section 403.1, Special Provisions forGroups B and R1, January 2000.7For referenced ASTM standards, visit the
33、 ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.8Code of Federal Regulations, available from U.S. Government Printing Office,Washington, DC 20402.9Ava
34、ilable from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.10Available from American Architectural Manufacturers Association, 1827Walden Office Square, Suite 550, Schaumburg, IL 60173, http:/www.aamanet.org/index.asp.11CPSC Publication
35、362, “Safety Barrier Guidelines for Home Pools” and NewJersey Community Affairs Division of Codes and Standards, Cite 27 N.M.R. 3150,Subchapter 27 Child-Protection Window Guards 5:10 27.4 Specificationsfor Window Guards.F2090 102for emergency escape and rescue, and that automatically resetswhen the
36、window sash is fully closed.3.1.9.1 controlled open position, nmaximum open posi-tion of a window sash, when the window opening controldevice(s) is engaged, that prohibits the free passage of a 4-in.(102-mm) diameter rigid sphere.4. General RequirementsWINDOW FALL PREVENTION SCREENS AND FALLPREVENTI
37、ON WINDOW GUARD DEVICES4.1 Window fall prevention screens or fall prevention win-dow guard devices shall be constructed so as to prohibit thefree passage of a 4.0-in. (102-mm) diameter rigid sphere12anywhere in the window opening (as required by applicablecodes for that jurisdiction), during or afte
38、r testing as specifiedin 8.1 through 8.4, when the window fall prevention screen orfall prevention window guard device is installed in accordancewith the manufacturers instructions.4.2 The distance between window fall prevention screen orfall prevention window guard device structural members orcompo
39、nents after all testing is conducted shall not exceed 4.0in. (102 mm) when a 60-lbf13(267-N) direct force is applied inaccordance with the test method in 8.2.4.3 Releasable window fall prevention screen or fall pre-vention window guard devices shall be free of sharp projec-tions and edges.4.4 Releas
40、able window fall prevention screens or fall pre-vention window guard devices shall not interfere with theoperation, function or performance of the window to applicablestandards and shall not violate light, ventilation, and emer-gency escape and rescue requirements of the applicable build-ing code.4.
41、5 Window fall prevention screens or fall prevention win-dow guard devices shall be designed with release mechanismsto allow for emergency escape (egress) without the need forspecial tools or special knowledge.4.5.1 Operation of emergency escape (egress) mechanismsshall be accomplished with a minimum
42、 amount of effort fromthe inside of the building, whether the window fall preventionscreen and fall prevention window guard device is mountedinside or outside the building.4.5.2 Release of the emergency escape (egress) mechanismshall require no more than 15 lbf (66 N) of force.144.5.3 To protect aga
43、inst inadvertent operation by a youngchild, the emergency escape (egress) release mechanism(s)shall require two distinct actions to operate.15Opening thewindow fall prevention screen or fall prevention window guardshall not count as one of these actions.4.5.4 The emergency escape (egress) release me
44、chanismshall operate properly in all types of weather.4.5.5 Emergency escape (egress) releases shall have theiroperating mechanisms clearly identified for proper use in anemergency.4.5.6 Neither the window fall prevention screens or fallprevention window guard devices nor the emergency escape(egress
45、) release mechanism shall reduce the exitable area of thewindow unit below what is required by applicable codes.4.5.7 The location of the release mechanism to be used toopen the window fall prevention screens or fall preventionwindow guard devices shall be visible.4.6 Window fall prevention screens
46、or fall prevention win-dow guard devices, if hinged, shall be hinged on one side (nottop or bottom) to provide easy escape (egress) and if interiormounted shall not operate outward.4.7 Once released, window fall prevention screen or fallprevention window guard devices shall not re-engage untilmanual
47、ly closed.4.8 Releasable window fall prevention screen or fall pre-vention window guard devices shall be designed in a mannerthat does not accommodate the use of locking devices whichrequire special knowledge or tools to operate, such as combi-nation locks or keyed locks, whereby the device could be
48、locked in a closed position to some part of the buildingstructure or to some non-moveable portion of the device itselfand thereby be rendered not readily operable in the event of anemergency.4.9 Each releasable window fall prevention screen or fallprevention window guard device shall be sold with in
49、stallationinstructions and safety information included in the packagingfor each device.4.10 Installation instructions shall include the statement thata copy of the safety information shall be provided to the ownerof the building in which the device is installed and to theoccupant in the dwelling where the device is installed (or is tobe installed).4.11 Installation instructions and safety information shall beconspicuous.4.12 Installation instructions and safety information shallspecify maximum window opening width and height for whichthe window fall prevention
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