1、Designation: F 2176 02 (Reapproved 2009)An American National StandardStandard Specification forMechanical Couplings Used on Polyethylene Conduit, Ductand Innerduct1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2176; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforigin
2、al adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification establishes requirements for material,performa
3、nce, workmanship and test methods for the qualifica-tion of 2 in. and smaller mechanical couplings that connect toDR 15.5 and lower polyethylene conduit, duct and innerductcovered by Specification F 2160. Throughout this standard,“conduit” refers to “conduit, duct or innerduct” manufacturedin accord
4、ance with Specification F 2160.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 The couplings covered by this specification are ty
5、picallydesigned to join between conduit ends (in-line coupling). Thesame coupling-to-conduit joint design may be used as a part ofother coupling joint designs that telescope, or connect tobulkheads, or other adapter fitting designs. The requirements ofthis standard apply only to the coupling-to-cond
6、uit jointdesign. The performance requirements of other coupling jointdesigns are not a part of this standard.1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section 9 of this specification. Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any,
7、associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory require-ments prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD
8、1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD 2444 Test Method for Determination of the Impact Re-sistance of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of aTup (Falling Weight)F 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping SystemsF 2160 Specification for Solid Wall High Density Polyeth-yl
9、ene (HDPE) Conduit Based on Controlled Outside Di-ameter (OD)3. Terminology3.1 Definitions are in accordance with Terminology F 412and abbreviations are in accordance with Terminology D 1600,unless otherwise specified.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 coupling joint, nthe conn
10、ection between the cou-pling and a conduit end.3.2.2 duct, na conduit (see Terminology F 412, conduit).3.2.3 inline mechanical couplings, na device used to jointwo conduit ends.3.2.4 innerduct, na conduit installed inside a conduit.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 The physical properties of each mate
11、rial used to producemechanical couplings shall be available from the couplingmanufacturer upon request.4.2 Specifications outlining all the physical properties andeffects of environmental conditions for materials of manufac-ture shall be available from the coupling manufacturer uponrequest.NOTE 1Mat
12、erials should have a demonstrated resistance to environ-mental stress cracking when exposed, under stress, to chemical com-pounds encountered in or external to conduit systems and a demonstratedresistance to bacteriological decomposition. Such compounds include, butare not limited to, alkalines, fer
13、tilizers, ice thawing chemicals, insecti-cides, herbicides, and acids.5. Performance Requirements5.1 The following requirements shall be met on each cou-pling design and nominal size. Any revisions by the manufac-turer to the original coupling design after the initial qualifica-tion testing requires
14、 retesting to ensure conformance with theserequirements.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on PlasticPiping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.10 on Fittings.Current edition approved March 1, 2009. Published March 2009. Originallyapproved 20
15、02. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as F 217602.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyr
16、ight ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.NOTE 2It is permissible when accomplishing these tests to do so ononly the thickest and thinnest (lowest and highest DR) conduit wallsections in Specification F 2160 that the coupling is to b
17、e used on. If inthose tests all performance requirements are met, all wall thicknessesbetween those tested may be considered as having met the requirements.5.2 Pressure Requirements:5.2.1 Sustained Internal PressureThe coupling/conduitjoint shall not fail by leakage as described by and tested inacco
18、rdance with 9.1.5.2.2 Sustained External PressureThe coupling/conduitjoint shall not fail by leakage as described by and tested inaccordance with 9.2.5.3 Tensile Strength Requirements:5.3.1 Pullout ResistanceThe coupling/conduit joint as-semblies tested shall be able to comply with tensile loadingre
19、quirements in Table 1 when tested in accordance with 9.3.NOTE 3Minimum pullout resistances in Table 1 were derived by thefollowing formula. Double the requirements for constant tensile load inTable 2.5.4 Constant Tensile LoadThe joint or coupling shall notfail by pullout when loaded to axial tensile
20、 load requirementsin Table 2 and tested in accordance with 9.4.NOTE 4The constant tensile load test is intended to demonstrate thata joint in the conduit system is resistant to the effects of long term creepthat may result from temperature changes and other forces after installa-tion. Load values in
21、 Table 2 were derived by the following methodology.Nominal modulus of elasticity of high density polyethylene (113 000 psi)3 coefficient of thermal expansion (0.00011 in./in./F) 3 50F (10C)temperature change 3 average area of DR11 conduit wall.5.5 Impact ResistanceThe coupling shall not fail as de-f
22、ined by and tested in accordance with 9.5.6. Dimensions6.1 The manufacturer, upon request of the user shall furnishcritical dimensions and tolerances of his couplings.NOTE 5Because of the varied fitting designs of couplings availablefor use on PE conduit a table of dimensions would be meaningless an
23、dwithout value and is therefore omitted from this standard.7. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance7.1 The manufacture of these couplings shall be in accor-dance with good commercial practice, uniform in color andfree of visual defects such as burrs, cracks, holes, foreignmaterials or voids so as to pr
24、oduce fittings meeting therequirements of this standard.8. Specimen Preparation8.1 Conditioning:8.1.1 Unless otherwise specified, condition the specimens(coupling and conduit) at the standard laboratory temperatureof 73.4 6 3.6F (23 6 2C) for not less than 16 h beforeassembly.8.2 Preparation of Spec
25、imens for Testing:8.2.1 Prepare test specimens so that the minimum freelength of conduit from a joint being tested is not less than fivetimes the conduit diameter. It is permissible to test multiplecouplings together provided they are separated by a minimumdistance equal to five times the conduit di
26、ameter.8.2.2 Test joints shall be assembled on the appropriate sizeconduit in accordance with the fitting manufacturers joiningprocedure. For referee testing, conduit shall be straight with noscratches or gouges.8.2.3 Condition assembled test specimens a minimum of 2 hat the test temperature to be u
27、sed after being assembled beforeinitiating test procedure.NOTE 6The additional conditioning time following assembly oftypical fitting designs used for conduit joining provides more consistenttest results.8.3 Test ConditionsTesting shall be conducted at thestandard laboratory temperature of 73.4 6 3.
28、6F (23 6 2C)unless otherwise specified.9. Test Methods9.1 Sustained Internal Pressure Test:9.1.1 Test six joints assembled in accordance with 8.2.Pressurize specimens with air to 150 6 2 psig (1030 6 10 kPa)and hold at pressure while top of fitting is submerged in waterat a depth of 6.00 6 0.50 in.
29、(152.4 6 12.7 mm) for one hour.Then, visually monitor the specimens. The coupling shall notfail by leaking as defined by visual bubbles coming from thecoupling/conduit interface at a rate greater than one bubble persecond.NOTE 7Warning: Pressure testing with air at the pressures in 9.1.1can be hazar
30、dous in the event of a catastrophic failure of the test specimen.Specimens under pressure should be observed through a transparent shieldor other means to assure the safety of the observers.9.1.2 Failure of two of the six specimens shall constitutefailure of the test. Failure of one of the six speci
31、mens tested iscause for retest of six additional specimens. Failure of one ofthe six specimens in the re-test shall constitute failure of thetest.9.2 Sustained External Pressure Test:9.2.1 Test six joints assembled in accordance with 8.2.Externally pressurize the specimen utilizing a suitable pressu
32、revessel. Pressurize the vessel with water to 10 psi (69 kPa) andmonitor for leakage for 1000 h. Leakage of water into theconduit constitutes failure of the joint.TABLE 1 Mechanical Joint Pullout ResistanceNominal ConduitSizeMinimum PulloutResistance34 IPS 380 lbs (172 kg)1 IPS 760 lbs (345 kg)114 I
33、PS 940 lbs (426 kg)112 IPS 1220 lbs (553 kg)2 IPS 1920 lbs (871 kg)TABLE 2 Mechanical Joint Constant Load ResistanceNominal ConduitSizeMinimum PulloutResistance34 IPS 190 lbs (86.2 kg)1 IPS 380 lbs (172.4 kg)114 IPS 470 lbs (213.2 kg)112 IPS 610 lbs (276.7 kg)2 IPS 960 lbs (435.5 kg)F 2176 02 (2009)
34、2NOTE 8It is permissible rather than the external test as described in9.2.1 to draw a vacuum on the test specimens while submerged in waterat a depth of not more than 6 in. (152.4 mm).9.2.2 Failure of two of the six specimens tested shallconstitute failure of the test. Failure of one of the six spec
35、imenstested is cause for re-test of six additional specimens. Failure ofone of the six specimens in re-test shall constitute failure of thetest.9.3 Tensile Strength Test:9.3.1 In-line couplings shall be tested with the apparatusspecified in Test Method D 638.9.3.2 Test six joint specimens assembled
36、in accordance with8.2. The speed of the testing shall be 0.2 in./min (5.0 mm/min)625 %. The joint design fails if the minimum load require-ments specified in Table 1 are not reached.9.3.3 Failure of two of the six specimens tested shallconstitute failure of the test. Failure of one of the six specim
37、enstested to achieve the minimum load specified in Table 1 iscause for re-test of six additional specimens. Failure of one ofthe six additional specimens to achieve the minimum load inthe re-test shall constitute failure of the test.9.4 Constant Tensile Load Test:9.4.1 One specimen of each nominal p
38、ipe size couplingshall be tested by application of axial in line loading to thevalues stated in Table 2 for a minimum time period of 1000 h.NOTE 9Any loading method that maintains the correct, in-line tensileload on the joint for the required duration is acceptable. Dead weight (apile of scrap iron
39、or steel) has worked well for loads up to 2000 lbs (907kg).9.4.2 Conduit pull out of the coupling specimen before thetest time is completed constitutes failure of the test.9.5 Impact Test:9.5.1 Select six specimens at random and condition infreezer at 10 6 5F (-12.2 6 2C) for not less than 16 h.9.5.
40、2 Remove the specimens from the freezer one at a timeand impact with a force of 20 ft-lbf using Tup “B” as describedin Test Method D 2444.9.5.3 Visually inspect each specimen after impact test forfailure. Failure is defined as shattering or any crack or splitcreated by the impact that can be seen wi
41、th the naked eye.9.5.4 Failure of two of the six specimens tested shallconstitute failure of the test. Failure of one of the six specimenstested is cause for retest of six additional specimens. Failure ofone of the six additional specimens in retest shall constitutefailure of the test.10. Product Ma
42、rking10.1 The coupling shall be marked with the followinginformation. Required markings shall remain legible undernormal handling up to the time of installation.10.1.1 Manufacturers name or trademark.10.1.2 Size of the conduit suitable for joining by thecoupling.10.1.3 This designation, Specificatio
43、n F 2176.11. Insatllation Instructions11.1 Manufacturers installation instructions shall be sup-plied with the coupling packaging.12. Quality Assurance12.1 When the product is marked with this designation,Specification F 2176, the manufacturer affirms that the productwas manufactured, inspected, sam
44、pled and tested in accor-dance with this specification and has been found to meet therequirements of this specification.13. Keywords13.1 conduit; duct; innerduct; mechanical fittingASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item
45、mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical commit
46、tee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a mee
47、ting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive,
48、PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).F 2176 02 (2009)3
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