ASTM F2194-2007ae1 Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Bassinets and Cradles《摇篮车和摇篮的消费者安全标准规范》.pdf

1、Designation: F 2194 07ae1Standard Consumer Safety Specification forBassinets and Cradles1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2194; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A numbe

2、r in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.e1NOTEParagraph 9.1.2 was corrected editorially in December 2007.INTRODUCTIONThis consumer safety performance specification addresses infant bassinet a

3、nd cradle incidentsidentified by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC).In response to the incident data compiled by the CPSC, this consumer safety performancespecification attempts to minimize the following hazards: (1) suffocation, (2) tip over, (3) collapse, and(4) hood detachment. It

4、 also addresses corner post extensions, which may catch pacifier cords, ribbons,necklaces, or clothing which a child may be wearing and which may be caught on a projection. Thisspecification does not cover products that are blatantly misused or used in a careless manner thatdisregards the safety ins

5、tructions and warnings provided with each bassinet or cradle.1. Scope1.1 This consumer safety specification covers performancerequirements, test methods, and marking requirements topromote safe use of bassinets and cradles.1.2 This consumer safety performance specification is in-tended to minimize t

6、he risks of incidents to an infant resultingfrom normal use and reasonably foreseeable misuse of abassinet or cradle.1.3 This consumer safety performance specification coversproducts intended to provide sleeping accommodations (ex-cluding full-size cribs or swings) for an infant up to approxi-mately

7、 5 months in age. Products used in conjunction with aninfant swing are not covered by this specification.1.4 No bassinet or cradle produced after the approval date ofthis consumer safety performance specification shall, either bylabel or other means, indicate compliance with this specifica-tion unle

8、ss it conforms to all requirements contained herein.1.5 This consumer safety performance specification is notintended to address incidents and injuries resulting fromalteration or unreasonable abuse or misuse of the product by achild or child care giver.1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertain

9、s only to thetest method portion Section 7 of this consumer safety perfor-mance specification. This standard does not purport to addressall of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It isthe responsibility of the user of this standard to establishappropriate safety and health practice

10、s and determine theapplicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape TestF 406 Consumer Safety Specification for Non-Full-SizeBaby Cribs/Play YardsF 963 Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety2.2 F

11、ederal Regulations:316 CFR 1303 Ban of Lead-Containing Paint and CertainConsumer Products Bearing Lead-Containing Paint16 CFR 1500 Hazardous Substances Act Regulations In-cluding Sections16 CFR 1500.48 Technical Requirements for Determining aSharp Point in Toys and Other Articles for Use byChildren

12、Under Eight Years of Age16 CFR 1500.49 Technical Requirements for Determining aSharp Metal or Glass Edge in Toys or Other ArticlesIntended for Use by Children Under Eight Years of Age16 CFR 1501 Method for Identifying Toys and OtherArticles Intended for Use by Children Under Three Yearsof Age Which

13、Present Choking, Aspiration, or IngestionHazards Because of Small Parts1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 onConsumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.18 onCribs, Toddler Beds, Play Yards, Bassinets, Cradles and Changing Tables.Current edi

14、tion approved Oct. 1, 2007. Published November 2007. Originallyapproved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as F 2194 07.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume infor

15、mation, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19

16、428-2959, United States.Copyright by ASTM Intl (all rights reserved); Tue Oct 14 02:05:11 EDT 2008Downloaded/printed byGuo Dehua (CNIS) pursuant to License Agreement. No further reproductions authorized.16 CFR 1509 Requirements for Non-Full-Size Baby Cribs2.3 Other References:CAMI Dummy, MARK II (se

17、e Fig. 1)43. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 bassinet/cradle, nsmall bed for infants supported byfree standing legs, a wheeled base, a rocking base, or whichcan swing relative to a stationary base.3.1.2 bassinet/cradle attachment, naccessory with a rigidframe that attaches to non-full size crib/pla

18、y yard designed forsleeping.3.1.3 conspicuous, adjdescribes a label that is visible,when the bassinet/cradle is in a manufacturers recommendeduse position, to a person standing near the bassinet/cradle atany one position around the bassinet/cradle but not necessarilyvisible from all other positions.

19、3.1.4 fabric, nany woven, knit, coated, laminated, ex-truded, or calendared flexible material that is intended to besewn, welded, heat sealed, or glued together as an assembly.3.1.5 manufacturers recommended use position, nanyposition that is presented as a normal, allowable, or acceptableconfigurat

20、ion for the use of the product by the manufacturer inany descriptive or instructional literature. This specificallyexcludes positions that the manufacturer shows in a likemanner in its literature to be unacceptable, unsafe, or notrecommended.3.1.6 mesh, nmesh may be either a woven fabric in whichthe

21、 warp and filling yarns are interlaced, knitted fabric in whichthe wales and courses yarns are interlocked, or any other typeof fabric that may be developed that provides openings therein.3.1.7 non-paper label, nany label material (such as plasticor metal) that either will not tear without the aid o

22、f tools ortears leaving a sharply defined edge.3.1.8 occupant, nthat individual who is in a product thatis set up in one of the manufacturers recommended usepositions.3.1.9 paper label, nany label material that tears withoutthe aid of tools and leaves a fibrous edge.3.1.10 seam, nmeans for joining f

23、abric components, suchas sewing, welding, heat sealing, or gluing.3.1.11 static load, nvertically downward force applied bya calibrated force gauge or by dead weights.4. Calibration and Standardization4.1 All testing shall be conducted on a concrete floor thatmay be covered with18-in. (3-mm) thick v

24、inyl flooring cover,unless the test instructs differently.4.2 The product shall be completely assembled, unlessotherwise noted, in accordance with the manufacturers in-structions.4.3 No testing shall be conducted within 48 h of manufac-turing.4.4 The product to be tested shall be in a room with ambi

25、enttemperature of 73 6 9F (23 6 5C) for at least 1 h prior totesting. Testing then shall be conducted within this temperaturerange.4.5 All testing required by this specification shall be con-ducted on the same unit.5. General Requirements5.1 Lead in PaintsThe paint or surface coating on theproduct s

26、hall comply with 16 CFR 1303.5.2 Hazardous Sharp Edges or PointsThere shall be nohazardous sharp points or edges as defined by 16 CFR 1500.48and 16 CFR 1500.49 before and after testing to this consumersafety specification.5.3 Small PartsThere shall be no small parts as defined by16 CFR 1501 before t

27、esting or liberated as a result of testing tothis specification.5.4 Wood PartsPrior to testing, any exposed wood partsshall be smooth and free of splinters.5.5 Scissoring, Shearing, or PinchingA product, when inthe manufacturers recommended use position shall be de-signed and constructed so as to pr

28、event injury to the occupantfrom scissoring, shearing, or pinching when members or4Department of Transportation Memorandum Report AAC-119-74-14, RevisionII, Drawing No. SA-1001 by Richard Chandler, July 2, 1974. Federal AviationAdministration, Civil Aeromedical Institute, Protection and Survival Lab

29、oratory,Aeromedical Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73125.FIG. 1 CAMI Infant Dummy, Mark II 17.5 lb (7.9 kg)F 2194 07ae12Copyright by ASTM Intl (all rights reserved); Tue Oct 14 02:05:11 EDT 2008Downloaded/printed byGuo Dehua (CNIS) pursuant to License Agreement. No further reproductions ponents rotate ab

30、out a common axis, or fastening points,slide, pivot, fold or otherwise move relative to one another.Scissoring, shearing, or pinching that may cause injury shallnot be permissible when the edges of any rigid parts admit aprobe that is greater than a 0.210-in. (5.33-mm) and less thana 0.375-in. (9.53

31、-mm) diameter at any accessible pointthroughout the range of motion of such parts.5.6 Unintentional Folding:5.6.1 Products designed without latching or locking devicesmust remain in the manufacturers recommended use positionduring and upon completion of the test, in accordance with7.5.1.5.6.2 Produc

32、ts designed with a single action release mecha-nism latching or locking devices must remain in the manufac-turers recommended use position during and upon completionof the test, in accordance with 7.5.2.5.6.3 Products with a double action release mechanismlatching or locking device shall require two

33、 distinct andseparate actions for release of the mechanism.5.7 OpeningsHoles or slots that extend entirely through awall section of any rigid material less than 0.375-in. (9.53-mm)thick and admit a 0.210-in. (5.33-mm) diameter rod shall alsoadmit a 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) diameter rod. Holes or slots th

34、atare between 0.210-in. (5.33-mm) and 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) andhave a wall thickness less than 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) but arelimited in depth to 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) maximum by anotherrigid surface shall be permissible (see Fig. 2). The product shallbe evaluated in all manufacturers recommended use positi

35、ons.5.8 Labeling:5.8.1 Warning labels (whether paper or non-paper) shall bepermanent when tested in accordance with 7.2.1-7.2.3.FIG. 2 Opening ExampleF 2194 07ae13Copyright by ASTM Intl (all rights reserved); Tue Oct 14 02:05:11 EDT 2008Downloaded/printed byGuo Dehua (CNIS) pursuant to License Agree

36、ment. No further reproductions authorized.5.8.2 Warning statements applied directly onto the surfaceof the product by hot stamping, heat transfer, printing, woodburning, etc. shall be permanent when tested in accordancewith 7.2.4.1-7.2.4.3.5.8.3 Non-paper labels shall not liberate small parts whente

37、sted in accordance with 7.2.5.5.9 FastenersWoodscrews shall not be used in the assem-bly of any components that must be removed by the consumerin the normal disassembly of a bassinet/cradle.5.10 Corner Posts:5.10.1 No corner post assembly shall extend more than 0.06in. (1.5 mm) above the upper edge

38、of an end or side panel,whichever is higher, when measured from the lowest point onthe upper edge of the end panel within 3 in. (76 mm) from theoutermost contour of the elbow (see Fig. 3).5.10.2 The limitations in 5.10.1 do not apply to a corner postassembly that extends at least 16 in. (406 mm) abo

39、ve theuppermost surface of the side rail in its highest position.5.10.2.1 Corner posts intended to accept removable verticalextensions made up of two or more segments (such as canopypost extensions) shall not permit the attachment of individualsegments such that the resultant vertical extension woul

40、d be inviolation of the dimensional requirements of 5.10.2.5.11 ToysToy accessories attached to, removable from, orsold with a bassinet or cradle, as well as their means ofattachment, must meet the applicable requirements of Con-sumer Safety Specification F 963.5.12 Bassinet/Cradle Attachment to Pla

41、y Yard/Non-Full-Sized CribBassinet attachment intended to be attached to,removable from, sold with or separately from a play yard ornon-full-sized crib shall comply with the requirements of thisspecification and Consumer Safety Specification F 406 whenattached in the manufacturers recommended use po

42、sition.6. Performance Requirements6.1 Spacing of Rigid Sided Bassinet/Cradle ComponentsSpacing must comply with 16 CFR Part 1509 Section 1509.4when tested according to 7.1.6.2 Openings for Mesh/Fabric Sided Bassinet/CradleOpenings in the mesh shall be designed to prevent entrapmentof fingers, toes,

43、and snaring of buttons normally used on infantclothing. A mesh opening shall not fully accept the specifiedrod when tested in accordance with 7.6.6.3 Static LoadA product in all manufacturers recom-mended use positions shall support the static load withoutcausing any hazardous conditions as identifi

44、ed within thisconsumer safety specification. This test shall be conducted inaccordance with 7.3.6.4 StabilityA product in all manufacturers recom-mended use positions shall not tip over and shall retain theCAMI dummy when subjected to the test described in 7.4.6.5 Sleeping Pad:6.5.1 Each product sha

45、ll be sold with the sleeping padincluded.6.5.2 Pad ThicknessThe filling material of the uncom-pressed sleeping pad such as foam, fiberfill, etc. shall notexceed 1-in. (25-mm) in thickness. The total thickness of theuncompressed pad including all fabric or vinyl layers, fillingmaterial, and any struc

46、tural members such as wood, hardboard,etc., shall not exceed 112 in. (38 mm).6.5.3 Pad DimensionsThe dimensions of the sleeping padsupplied with the product shall be such that the pad, wheninserted in the center of the unit in a noncompressed state atany of the adjustable positions, shall not leave

47、a gap of morethan12 in. (13 mm) at any point between the perimeter of thepad and the perimeter of the unit. When the pad is placedagainst the perimeter of the unit, the resulting gap shall notexceed 1 in. (25 cm).6.6 Protective ComponentsIf the occupant can grasp com-ponents between the thumb and fo

48、refinger or teeth (such ascaps, sleeves, or plugs used for protection from sharp edges,points, or entrapment of fingers or toes), or if there is at leasta 0.040-in. (1.00-mm) gap between the component and itsadjacent parent component, such component shall not beremoved when tested in accordance with

49、 7.7.7. Test Methods7.1 Component SpacingRefer to 16 CFR Part 1509. Forspacing of components, see CFR 1509.4. For componentspacing test apparatus, see CFR 1509.5 and for componentspacing test method, see CFR 1509.6.7.2 Permanency of Labels and Warnings:7.2.1 A paper label (excluding labels attached by a seam)shall be considered permanent if, during an attempt to removeit without the aid of tools or solvents, it cannot be removed, ittears upon removal, or such action damages the surface towhich it is attached.7.2.2 A non-